Basic Concepts of Formal Logic
... apply to the evaluation of reasoning by all persons at all times and places. Two properties of reasoning, in particular, are studied by formal logic: consistency and valid inference. In order to understand what consistency and valid inference are, they must be clearly distinguished from something el ...
... apply to the evaluation of reasoning by all persons at all times and places. Two properties of reasoning, in particular, are studied by formal logic: consistency and valid inference. In order to understand what consistency and valid inference are, they must be clearly distinguished from something el ...
Chapter 1, Part I: Propositional Logic
... raining.” then p →q denotes “If I am at home then it is raining.” In p →q , p is the hypothesis (antecedent or premise) and q is the conclusion (or consequence). ...
... raining.” then p →q denotes “If I am at home then it is raining.” In p →q , p is the hypothesis (antecedent or premise) and q is the conclusion (or consequence). ...
CS 2742 (Logic in Computer Science) Lecture 6
... Example 3. Bertrand Russell: “If 2+2=5, then I am the Pope”.1 Proof. If 2+2=5 then 1=2 by subtracting 3 from both sides. Bertrand Russell and Pope are two people. Since 1=2, Bertrand Russell and Pope are one person. ...
... Example 3. Bertrand Russell: “If 2+2=5, then I am the Pope”.1 Proof. If 2+2=5 then 1=2 by subtracting 3 from both sides. Bertrand Russell and Pope are two people. Since 1=2, Bertrand Russell and Pope are one person. ...
Notes5
... In this part of the course we consider logic. Logic is used in many places in computer science including digital circuit design, relational databases, automata theory and computability, and artificial intelligence. We start with propositional logic, using symbols to stand for things that can be eith ...
... In this part of the course we consider logic. Logic is used in many places in computer science including digital circuit design, relational databases, automata theory and computability, and artificial intelligence. We start with propositional logic, using symbols to stand for things that can be eith ...
First order theories
... We would now like to define a -theory T that will limit the interpretation of ‘=‘ to equality. We will do so with the equality axioms: ...
... We would now like to define a -theory T that will limit the interpretation of ‘=‘ to equality. We will do so with the equality axioms: ...
Slides - UCSD CSE
... Assume, to the contrary that ______________________ (~p) Then, __________________________________ (formula that follows from p) Now, _________________________ (p " ~p) ...
... Assume, to the contrary that ______________________ (~p) Then, __________________________________ (formula that follows from p) Now, _________________________ (p " ~p) ...
WUMPUS
... • This game appears to have been the first to use a non-random graph-structured map (as opposed to a rectangular grid like the even older Star Trek games). • In this respect, as in the dungeon-like setting and its terse, amusing messages, it prefigured ADVENT and Zork. •It was directly ancestral to ...
... • This game appears to have been the first to use a non-random graph-structured map (as opposed to a rectangular grid like the even older Star Trek games). • In this respect, as in the dungeon-like setting and its terse, amusing messages, it prefigured ADVENT and Zork. •It was directly ancestral to ...
Philosophy of Language: Wittgenstein
... Internal (=formal) properties, internal (=formal) relations: the range of possibilities [for occurring in states of affairs] necessarily belonging to an object. That this point in my visual field has some color is an internal property of this point. That light blue is lighter than dark blue is an i ...
... Internal (=formal) properties, internal (=formal) relations: the range of possibilities [for occurring in states of affairs] necessarily belonging to an object. That this point in my visual field has some color is an internal property of this point. That light blue is lighter than dark blue is an i ...
6.042J Chapter 1: Propositions
... would care whether or not there is a solution to 313.x 3 C y 3 / D z 3 where x, y, and z are positive integers. It turns out that finding solutions to such equations is important in the field of elliptic curves, which turns out to be important to the study of factoring large integers, which turns ou ...
... would care whether or not there is a solution to 313.x 3 C y 3 / D z 3 where x, y, and z are positive integers. It turns out that finding solutions to such equations is important in the field of elliptic curves, which turns out to be important to the study of factoring large integers, which turns ou ...