Demystifying Machine Intelligence
... practitioners of Artificial Intelligence quickly split in two fields. One, pioneered by Allen Newell and Herbert Simon with their "Logic Theorist" (1956), basically understood intelligence as the pinnacle of mathematical logic, and focused on symbolic processing. The first breakthrough in this branc ...
... practitioners of Artificial Intelligence quickly split in two fields. One, pioneered by Allen Newell and Herbert Simon with their "Logic Theorist" (1956), basically understood intelligence as the pinnacle of mathematical logic, and focused on symbolic processing. The first breakthrough in this branc ...
The Physiology of the Senses Lecture 4: The Visual Sense of Motion
... Neurons in MT+ have large receptive fields, roughly ten times larger than those in V1. For this reason MT+ has poor visual acuity. Also MT+ sees only in black and white, not in color. Thus while MT+ is excellent at determining the direction in which an object is moving, it cannot identify the object ...
... Neurons in MT+ have large receptive fields, roughly ten times larger than those in V1. For this reason MT+ has poor visual acuity. Also MT+ sees only in black and white, not in color. Thus while MT+ is excellent at determining the direction in which an object is moving, it cannot identify the object ...
Alpha-beta and Gamma Rhythms Subserve Feedback and
... Forty-three human subjects were instructed to attentively monitor a visual stimulus for unpredictable changes, in order to engage both bottom-up and top-down influences. This paradigm reliably induces gamma-band activity in visual cortex (Hoogenboom et al., 2006). While subjects fixated centrally, a ...
... Forty-three human subjects were instructed to attentively monitor a visual stimulus for unpredictable changes, in order to engage both bottom-up and top-down influences. This paradigm reliably induces gamma-band activity in visual cortex (Hoogenboom et al., 2006). While subjects fixated centrally, a ...
Neuron
... landmarks of the primate brain, although their correspondences between humans and macaque monkeys remain unclear. We conducted fMRI at 4.7 T in monkeys performing visually-guided saccade tasks and compared brain activations with those in humans using identical paradigms. Among multiple parietal acti ...
... landmarks of the primate brain, although their correspondences between humans and macaque monkeys remain unclear. We conducted fMRI at 4.7 T in monkeys performing visually-guided saccade tasks and compared brain activations with those in humans using identical paradigms. Among multiple parietal acti ...
RFC 2196 - Helpdesk
... The "Internet" is a collection of thousands of networks linked by a common set of technical protocols which make it possible for users of any one of the networks to communicate with, or use the services located on, any of the other networks (FYI4, RFC 1594). The term "administrator" is used to cove ...
... The "Internet" is a collection of thousands of networks linked by a common set of technical protocols which make it possible for users of any one of the networks to communicate with, or use the services located on, any of the other networks (FYI4, RFC 1594). The term "administrator" is used to cove ...
T2 - Center for Neural Basis of Cognition
... classical receptive field. Vision is an active process of building representations. ...
... classical receptive field. Vision is an active process of building representations. ...
Linking form and motion in the primate brain
... processes high-level form information that is related to motion perception. However, whether the interactions between implied and real motion take place in STSa or reflect feedback from frontoparietal areas engaged in the execution and observation of actions remains an open question. In the human, f ...
... processes high-level form information that is related to motion perception. However, whether the interactions between implied and real motion take place in STSa or reflect feedback from frontoparietal areas engaged in the execution and observation of actions remains an open question. In the human, f ...
Neuroimaging of cognitive functions in human parietal cortex Jody C
... tools for mapping the human brain. Neuroimaging has been particularly successful in mapping cortical visual areas in the human occipital [1] and temporal [2] lobes. The human parietal lobes (excluding somatosensory regions, which are not discussed here), which traditionally fall into the category of ...
... tools for mapping the human brain. Neuroimaging has been particularly successful in mapping cortical visual areas in the human occipital [1] and temporal [2] lobes. The human parietal lobes (excluding somatosensory regions, which are not discussed here), which traditionally fall into the category of ...
Organization of Visual Areas in Macaque and Human Cerebral
... across multiple approaches, and replicated by multiple laboratories. The diversity among partitioning schemes signifies that a consensus has been achieved for only a minority of the visual areas illustrated in Figure 2. Several well-defined areas (V1, V2, V4, and MT) are shown by individualized colo ...
... across multiple approaches, and replicated by multiple laboratories. The diversity among partitioning schemes signifies that a consensus has been achieved for only a minority of the visual areas illustrated in Figure 2. Several well-defined areas (V1, V2, V4, and MT) are shown by individualized colo ...
Learn About Software-Defined Secure Networks
... the risks (and costs) associated with providing security to their businesses. What’s more troubling is that RAND’S research shows even though companies are increasing spending on cybersecurity tools, they are uncertain as to whether or not such spending is making their infrastructure more secure. Ma ...
... the risks (and costs) associated with providing security to their businesses. What’s more troubling is that RAND’S research shows even though companies are increasing spending on cybersecurity tools, they are uncertain as to whether or not such spending is making their infrastructure more secure. Ma ...
T2 - Center for Neural Basis of Cognition
... Remapping occurs at early stages of the visual hierarchy. Corollary discharge has an impact far back into the system. Remapping implies widespread connectivity in which many neurons have rapid access to information well beyond the classical receptive field. Vision is an active process of building re ...
... Remapping occurs at early stages of the visual hierarchy. Corollary discharge has an impact far back into the system. Remapping implies widespread connectivity in which many neurons have rapid access to information well beyond the classical receptive field. Vision is an active process of building re ...
A direct quantitative relationship between the functional properties of
... measured using fMRI remains elusive. One innovative recent experiment showed that an opponent motion stimulus elicits similar aggregate multi-neuron responses in macaque V5 and BOLD contrast responses in human V5 (ref. 13). However, this comparison was qualitative rather than quantitative, and focus ...
... measured using fMRI remains elusive. One innovative recent experiment showed that an opponent motion stimulus elicits similar aggregate multi-neuron responses in macaque V5 and BOLD contrast responses in human V5 (ref. 13). However, this comparison was qualitative rather than quantitative, and focus ...
The Representation of Biological Classes in the Human Brain
... were screened for MRI scanning and provided informed consent in acexperiment for our six stimulus categories using deconvolution using cordance with the Institutional Review Board of Dartmouth College. AFNI software (3dDeconvolve). Each stimulus event was modeled by a Subjects were paid an hourly ra ...
... were screened for MRI scanning and provided informed consent in acexperiment for our six stimulus categories using deconvolution using cordance with the Institutional Review Board of Dartmouth College. AFNI software (3dDeconvolve). Each stimulus event was modeled by a Subjects were paid an hourly ra ...
Machine Vision - Intelligent Systems Laboratory
... • CV is used to analyze scenes and compute symbolic representations from them. • AI: perception, cognition, action – Perception translates signals to symbols; – Cognition manipulates symbols; – Action translates symbols to signals that effect the world. E.G.M. Petrakis ...
... • CV is used to analyze scenes and compute symbolic representations from them. • AI: perception, cognition, action – Perception translates signals to symbols; – Cognition manipulates symbols; – Action translates symbols to signals that effect the world. E.G.M. Petrakis ...
Παρουσίαση του PowerPoint - Intelligent Systems Laboratory
... • CV is used to analyze scenes and compute symbolic representations from them. • AI: perception, cognition, action – Perception translates signals to symbols; – Cognition manipulates symbols; – Action translates symbols to signals that effect the world. E.G.M. Petrakis ...
... • CV is used to analyze scenes and compute symbolic representations from them. • AI: perception, cognition, action – Perception translates signals to symbols; – Cognition manipulates symbols; – Action translates symbols to signals that effect the world. E.G.M. Petrakis ...
Binding Mechanisms in Visual Perception
... moving patterns. In their experiment, two gratings were moving on orthogonal directions as visual stimuli presented to cat. When the contrast of the two gratings was adjusted to make them look like a signal pattern moving in one direction (pattern motion), strong synchronized neural activity was fou ...
... moving patterns. In their experiment, two gratings were moving on orthogonal directions as visual stimuli presented to cat. When the contrast of the two gratings was adjusted to make them look like a signal pattern moving in one direction (pattern motion), strong synchronized neural activity was fou ...
Paleolithic public goods games: why human
... foundations of cooperation and culture in humans and nonhuman primates, but I want to highlight three types of mechanisms for which the case for human specificity is rather strong and to which we can refer securely in our evolutionary reconstructions. I will argue that human cooperation and culture ...
... foundations of cooperation and culture in humans and nonhuman primates, but I want to highlight three types of mechanisms for which the case for human specificity is rather strong and to which we can refer securely in our evolutionary reconstructions. I will argue that human cooperation and culture ...
Evolving Robots Able to Visually Discriminate Between - laral
... some cases, however, they navigate toward the wrong landmark or do not reach one of the two targets within the allotted time (300 sensory-motor cycles corresponding to 30 seconds). Performance, on the average, are shown in Fig. 4. Similar but slightly worse results (see Fig. 4) have been observed in ...
... some cases, however, they navigate toward the wrong landmark or do not reach one of the two targets within the allotted time (300 sensory-motor cycles corresponding to 30 seconds). Performance, on the average, are shown in Fig. 4. Similar but slightly worse results (see Fig. 4) have been observed in ...
Implied Motion Activation in Cortical Area MT Can Be
... To address the above questions, we performed extracellular single and multiunit recordings in area MT of awake macaque monkeys while presenting the animal with pictures with and without implied motion as well as control stimuli for low-level visual features. In addition, we recorded from single unit ...
... To address the above questions, we performed extracellular single and multiunit recordings in area MT of awake macaque monkeys while presenting the animal with pictures with and without implied motion as well as control stimuli for low-level visual features. In addition, we recorded from single unit ...
Reading for This Class - Computer Secrity Classes
... automated scanning to detect • Shows how different low-risk vulns can be combined into successful exploit • Same precautions as for other forms of active testing – Explicit permission; don’t interfere with production ...
... automated scanning to detect • Shows how different low-risk vulns can be combined into successful exploit • Same precautions as for other forms of active testing – Explicit permission; don’t interfere with production ...
Reward and Reinforcement I 1. Which of the following statements is
... C. FALSE reduces anxiety and pain (runners high!) D. FALSE opiate blocker naltrexone during food consumption state that their perception of hunger hasn’t changed, but that the “food doesn’t taste as good” (no associated dopamine euphoria). Infusion of naltrexone into the nucleus accumbens of a rat r ...
... C. FALSE reduces anxiety and pain (runners high!) D. FALSE opiate blocker naltrexone during food consumption state that their perception of hunger hasn’t changed, but that the “food doesn’t taste as good” (no associated dopamine euphoria). Infusion of naltrexone into the nucleus accumbens of a rat r ...
Recognition by Variance: Learning Rules for Spatiotemporal Patterns
... Although the actual biological solution probably includes a network of neurons, there is an advantage in modeling the same task with a single neuron. Single neuron models are usually more amenable to analytic treatment, thereby facilitating the understanding of the model’s mechanisms. A well known s ...
... Although the actual biological solution probably includes a network of neurons, there is an advantage in modeling the same task with a single neuron. Single neuron models are usually more amenable to analytic treatment, thereby facilitating the understanding of the model’s mechanisms. A well known s ...
Anesthetic Strategies for Triple Endoscopy
... Conclusion: Exposure to anesthesia was a significant risk factor for the later development of LD in children receiving multiple, but not single anesthetics. These data cannot reveal whether anesthesia itself may contribute to LD or whether the need for anesthesia is a marker for other unidentified ...
... Conclusion: Exposure to anesthesia was a significant risk factor for the later development of LD in children receiving multiple, but not single anesthetics. These data cannot reveal whether anesthesia itself may contribute to LD or whether the need for anesthesia is a marker for other unidentified ...
Deciphering a neural code for vision
... but single neurons generally do not mediate behavior; networks of neurons do. Monitoring the activity of all cells in a neural network of a behaving animal, however, is not yet possible. Taking an alternative approach, we used a realistic cell-based model to compute the ensemble of neural activity g ...
... but single neurons generally do not mediate behavior; networks of neurons do. Monitoring the activity of all cells in a neural network of a behaving animal, however, is not yet possible. Taking an alternative approach, we used a realistic cell-based model to compute the ensemble of neural activity g ...
Ocular Dominance in Human V1 Demonstrated by Functional
... signals coming from large vessels may dominate those coming from the microvasculature, particularly on conventional MRI scanners. This is problematic, because it raises concern that macrovascular changes distal to the actual site of neuronal activity can occur. This would place a fundamental limit o ...
... signals coming from large vessels may dominate those coming from the microvasculature, particularly on conventional MRI scanners. This is problematic, because it raises concern that macrovascular changes distal to the actual site of neuronal activity can occur. This would place a fundamental limit o ...