This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
... risk of acquiring and dying from disease in the army. Childhood nutrition and health, inferred from height, did not matter. Economic resources, indexed by property wealth recorded in the federal census of 1860, may have had an influence only for diseases related to nutrition among residents of metro ...
... risk of acquiring and dying from disease in the army. Childhood nutrition and health, inferred from height, did not matter. Economic resources, indexed by property wealth recorded in the federal census of 1860, may have had an influence only for diseases related to nutrition among residents of metro ...
Print this article - CONCEPT
... and the American Civil War. Miller’s essay, “Catholic Religion, Irish Ethnicity, and the Civil War,” asserts that religious belief was essential to the development of Irish-American identity.11 As a part of a larger collection of essays, this argument places Catholicism within the spectrum of relig ...
... and the American Civil War. Miller’s essay, “Catholic Religion, Irish Ethnicity, and the Civil War,” asserts that religious belief was essential to the development of Irish-American identity.11 As a part of a larger collection of essays, this argument places Catholicism within the spectrum of relig ...
Battle of Blue Springs Teachers Guide
... Would you have chosen the North or the South? All over the United States, people had difficulty choosing sides in the war. For some people, it was an easier decision because they believed in slavery. A small number of people were abolitionists, or people wanting to end slavery. Some felt that it was ...
... Would you have chosen the North or the South? All over the United States, people had difficulty choosing sides in the war. For some people, it was an easier decision because they believed in slavery. A small number of people were abolitionists, or people wanting to end slavery. Some felt that it was ...
The Project Gutenberg EBook of History of the United States
... Views of the War Abroad.--England's Hostility.--Causes.--The Trent Affair.--Seward's Reasoning.--Great Britain's Breach of Neutrality.--Louis Napoleon's Hypocrisy.--Invasion of Mexico.--Maximilian.--War Expenditure.--How Met.--Duties.Internal Revenue.-Loans.--Bonds.--Treasury Notes.--Treasurer's Rep ...
... Views of the War Abroad.--England's Hostility.--Causes.--The Trent Affair.--Seward's Reasoning.--Great Britain's Breach of Neutrality.--Louis Napoleon's Hypocrisy.--Invasion of Mexico.--Maximilian.--War Expenditure.--How Met.--Duties.Internal Revenue.-Loans.--Bonds.--Treasury Notes.--Treasurer's Rep ...
22676-doc - Project Gutenberg
... Views of the War Abroad.--England's Hostility.--Causes.--The Trent Affair.--Seward's Reasoning.--Great Britain's Breach of Neutrality.--Louis Napoleon's Hypocrisy.--Invasion of Mexico.--Maximilian.--War Expenditure.--How Met.--Duties.Internal Revenue.-Loans.--Bonds.--Treasury Notes.--Treasurer's Rep ...
... Views of the War Abroad.--England's Hostility.--Causes.--The Trent Affair.--Seward's Reasoning.--Great Britain's Breach of Neutrality.--Louis Napoleon's Hypocrisy.--Invasion of Mexico.--Maximilian.--War Expenditure.--How Met.--Duties.Internal Revenue.-Loans.--Bonds.--Treasury Notes.--Treasurer's Rep ...
The Civil War Infantry Doctrine
... the same infantry tactics, and had either no combat experience or shared the same experience in federal service. The military capability of the Union and Confederate armies was therefore as similar as it was limited.2 The large scale and advanced weaponry presented opportunities as well as challenge ...
... the same infantry tactics, and had either no combat experience or shared the same experience in federal service. The military capability of the Union and Confederate armies was therefore as similar as it was limited.2 The large scale and advanced weaponry presented opportunities as well as challenge ...
The Role Of Historic Novels in Understanding Desertion in the Civil
... contrary to popular belief. Levi Ross, a Union soldier from the 86th Illinois on February 3, 1863 is quoted as saying, “Only 8 men in Co. K approve the policy and proclamation of Mr. Lincoln. Many are deserting.”17 This quote shows the lack of support held by many men for the abolition of slavery, e ...
... contrary to popular belief. Levi Ross, a Union soldier from the 86th Illinois on February 3, 1863 is quoted as saying, “Only 8 men in Co. K approve the policy and proclamation of Mr. Lincoln. Many are deserting.”17 This quote shows the lack of support held by many men for the abolition of slavery, e ...
The Long-Run Effects of Losing the Civil War: Evidence from Border
... Margo 1990; Naidu 2012; Sokolo↵ and Engerman 2000). The literature has typically focused on the aggregate, region-wide mechanisms rather than wartime experiences and post-war treatment of Union and Confederate veterans themselves. Nothing in the existing literature has tracked comparable individuals ...
... Margo 1990; Naidu 2012; Sokolo↵ and Engerman 2000). The literature has typically focused on the aggregate, region-wide mechanisms rather than wartime experiences and post-war treatment of Union and Confederate veterans themselves. Nothing in the existing literature has tracked comparable individuals ...
Failure for the Wicked - Beaver Area Heritage Museum
... elements of populist and orthodox theology. He would see both individual and group sin as negatively affecting a collective whole and correct moral behavior on the part of individuals or a group affecting the whole positively. He believed that actions were rooted in an individual's agency and abilit ...
... elements of populist and orthodox theology. He would see both individual and group sin as negatively affecting a collective whole and correct moral behavior on the part of individuals or a group affecting the whole positively. He believed that actions were rooted in an individual's agency and abilit ...
Cowards and Heroes: Group Loyalty in the American Civil War.
... bonuses to individuals [Lazear 1979: Gibbons 1998] were unlikely to have been effective in the Civil War Army. Soldiers who survived expected to be discharged from the war-time military when their enlistment term was up, were lucky if their pay arrived on time, and faced a higher risk of death on th ...
... bonuses to individuals [Lazear 1979: Gibbons 1998] were unlikely to have been effective in the Civil War Army. Soldiers who survived expected to be discharged from the war-time military when their enlistment term was up, were lucky if their pay arrived on time, and faced a higher risk of death on th ...
A Tale of Two Men Who Changed Army Medicine
... transferred him to the remote regions of the Department of Western Virginia to lessen his visibility. This may well have been the best thing that happened to the Army Medical Department in the Civil War, because it was here that Hammond met and worked with Jonathan A. Letterman, Medical Director in ...
... transferred him to the remote regions of the Department of Western Virginia to lessen his visibility. This may well have been the best thing that happened to the Army Medical Department in the Civil War, because it was here that Hammond met and worked with Jonathan A. Letterman, Medical Director in ...
1864-1865: Bringing the War to an End
... American liberty, with which Abraham Lincoln has discharged, under circumstances of unparalleled difficulty, the great duties and responsibilities of the presidential office; that we approve and indorse, as demanded by the emergency and essential to the preservation of the nation, and as within the ...
... American liberty, with which Abraham Lincoln has discharged, under circumstances of unparalleled difficulty, the great duties and responsibilities of the presidential office; that we approve and indorse, as demanded by the emergency and essential to the preservation of the nation, and as within the ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES COWARDS AND HEROES: Dora L. Costa
... All organizations face potential agency problems. Solutions for mitigating such problems include backloading pay, using promotions as an incentive, and paying bonuses to individuals (Lazear 1979: Gibbons 1998). But, Civil War soldiers who survived expected to be discharged from the war-time military ...
... All organizations face potential agency problems. Solutions for mitigating such problems include backloading pay, using promotions as an incentive, and paying bonuses to individuals (Lazear 1979: Gibbons 1998). But, Civil War soldiers who survived expected to be discharged from the war-time military ...
A Million Ways to Stay Alive during the Civil War - H-Net
... to be worth the health-related reward. Commanders disagreed; they could not carry out their orders or wage campaigns if large swaths of their armies were inexplicably absent when needed. So officers on both sides, Meier asserts, cracked down on straggling after 1862 and inadvertently made their own ...
... to be worth the health-related reward. Commanders disagreed; they could not carry out their orders or wage campaigns if large swaths of their armies were inexplicably absent when needed. So officers on both sides, Meier asserts, cracked down on straggling after 1862 and inadvertently made their own ...
Question 1
... the Western theater. Lincoln appointed him to head all Union armies in 1864. Master tactician. Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, ...
... the Western theater. Lincoln appointed him to head all Union armies in 1864. Master tactician. Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, ...
Civil War Curriculum—Middle School Assessment
... had lost a number of important battles in the Eastern Theater. had won all the major battles again General Lee’s army. had lost 90% of its men fighting in Virginia. ...
... had lost a number of important battles in the Eastern Theater. had won all the major battles again General Lee’s army. had lost 90% of its men fighting in Virginia. ...
Sharpshooters Made a Grand Record This Day
... struggle for Civil War memory began with the publication of personal memoirs and regimental histories, moments like that described by Kelleran were forgotten. So too did the memory of skirmishers diminish. Although skirmish lines had been important formations during the Civil War—they began and ende ...
... struggle for Civil War memory began with the publication of personal memoirs and regimental histories, moments like that described by Kelleran were forgotten. So too did the memory of skirmishers diminish. Although skirmish lines had been important formations during the Civil War—they began and ende ...
Life At War - Civil War Trust
... A soldier's home in camp was a rectangular piece of canvas buttoned to another to form a small two-man tent, or dog tent, as the soldiers called them. First introduced in 1862, every Union soldier was issued one for use during active campaign and the men joked that only a dog could crawl under it an ...
... A soldier's home in camp was a rectangular piece of canvas buttoned to another to form a small two-man tent, or dog tent, as the soldiers called them. First introduced in 1862, every Union soldier was issued one for use during active campaign and the men joked that only a dog could crawl under it an ...
Battlefield Of Franklin Land Preservation Purchase
... hard way, by buying properties, often with buildings on them. The largest parcel of land was originally a local golf course slated to be sold to a developer to build houses on what was the right flank of the Confederate attack north toward the Federal lines just south of the town. It was then that F ...
... hard way, by buying properties, often with buildings on them. The largest parcel of land was originally a local golf course slated to be sold to a developer to build houses on what was the right flank of the Confederate attack north toward the Federal lines just south of the town. It was then that F ...
The Price of Freedom: Americans at War - Vietnam
... and explain the people’s different roles and perspectives in the war. Time: 45 minutes Background: In June of 1775, the Continental Congress united the troops of the several colonies into a single Continental army “for the Defense of American Liberty” under the command of General George Washington. ...
... and explain the people’s different roles and perspectives in the war. Time: 45 minutes Background: In June of 1775, the Continental Congress united the troops of the several colonies into a single Continental army “for the Defense of American Liberty” under the command of General George Washington. ...
African American Troops in the Civil War - Database of K
... period, etc. Note student thoughts on the board. (It is likely that student thoughts will largely center around slavery. At this time, do not prompt students to think beyond their initial answers.) 2. After compiling their thoughts, project the attached image of “Company E” and ask students to silen ...
... period, etc. Note student thoughts on the board. (It is likely that student thoughts will largely center around slavery. At this time, do not prompt students to think beyond their initial answers.) 2. After compiling their thoughts, project the attached image of “Company E” and ask students to silen ...
1 Civil War Lithograph Of The First Refreshment Saloon
... century… The documentary of the Civil War by photographs in carte de visite formats represents one of the few remaining, untapped sources of contemporary Civil War information” (Darrah, 74, 87). This handsomely bound carte de visite album represents the finest of the period in its collection of 61 m ...
... century… The documentary of the Civil War by photographs in carte de visite formats represents one of the few remaining, untapped sources of contemporary Civil War information” (Darrah, 74, 87). This handsomely bound carte de visite album represents the finest of the period in its collection of 61 m ...
“Union and Confederate Soldiers` Stationery: Their Designs and
... Fig. 1 constitutes an example of a widely available civilian intended design adapted for soldier use. A number of publishers used this image of an individual in uniform standing next to a flagpole with tents and the United States Capitol building in the background. William Weiss (The Catalog of ...
... Fig. 1 constitutes an example of a widely available civilian intended design adapted for soldier use. A number of publishers used this image of an individual in uniform standing next to a flagpole with tents and the United States Capitol building in the background. William Weiss (The Catalog of ...
Union College Connections to the Civil War Era A Glossary of
... prejudices of most white Americans, including those proposing and supporting such regiments. President Lincoln believed that in order to make these units more acceptable to the public, he would need to ensure that white men led all black regiments, thereby soothing the fears of northerners who saw “ ...
... prejudices of most white Americans, including those proposing and supporting such regiments. President Lincoln believed that in order to make these units more acceptable to the public, he would need to ensure that white men led all black regiments, thereby soothing the fears of northerners who saw “ ...
Union Army
The Union Army was the land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865. It consisted of the small United States Army, known as the regular army, which was augmented by massive numbers of units supplied by northern U.S. states, consisting of volunteers as well as conscripts. The Union Army fought and eventually defeated the Confederate States Army during the war. About 360,000 Union soldiers died from all causes and some 280,000 were wounded.