meth-XI
... spirit of the volume as a living oracle. The words become transparent, and he sees them as though he saw them not. We have thus delineated the two great directions of man and society with their several objects and ends. Concerning the conditions and principles of method appertaining to each, we have ...
... spirit of the volume as a living oracle. The words become transparent, and he sees them as though he saw them not. We have thus delineated the two great directions of man and society with their several objects and ends. Concerning the conditions and principles of method appertaining to each, we have ...
The Ventral Stream and Visual Agnosia
... What does it mean to see? “To learn what is where by looking.” (Aristotle) Marr, 1982: “Vision is the process of discovering from images what is present in the world, and where it is.” ...
... What does it mean to see? “To learn what is where by looking.” (Aristotle) Marr, 1982: “Vision is the process of discovering from images what is present in the world, and where it is.” ...
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... death does occur, and we are likely to experience anxiety when our own lives are threatened with the prospect of becoming the subject of its reference. There is an obvious and objective reference to the state of death as well—the dead in the morgue, soldiers brought home in the body bags of war—and, ...
... death does occur, and we are likely to experience anxiety when our own lives are threatened with the prospect of becoming the subject of its reference. There is an obvious and objective reference to the state of death as well—the dead in the morgue, soldiers brought home in the body bags of war—and, ...
Philosophy 100 Lecture 12 Minds and bodies
... …I will note that mind differs importantly from body in that body is by its nature divisible, while mind is indivisible. When I think about my mind--or, in other words, about myself insofar as I am a thinking thing--I can’t distinguish any parts; I understand myself to be a single, unified thing. Al ...
... …I will note that mind differs importantly from body in that body is by its nature divisible, while mind is indivisible. When I think about my mind--or, in other words, about myself insofar as I am a thinking thing--I can’t distinguish any parts; I understand myself to be a single, unified thing. Al ...
Intro to Philosophy
... If someone were to claim that there is an elephant in your living room, we could prove or disprove the claim by going into your living room, looking around, and, on the basis of our perceptions, discovering whether there is an elephant there or not. And the result of our investigation -- i.e., our ...
... If someone were to claim that there is an elephant in your living room, we could prove or disprove the claim by going into your living room, looking around, and, on the basis of our perceptions, discovering whether there is an elephant there or not. And the result of our investigation -- i.e., our ...
Functionalism According to functionalism, the essential or defining
... common-sense intuitions about qualia. Consider the inversion problem first. I think the functionalist is right to insist that the type-identity of our visual sensations be reckoned according to their functional role. But the objector is also right in insisting that a relative inversion of two peopl ...
... common-sense intuitions about qualia. Consider the inversion problem first. I think the functionalist is right to insist that the type-identity of our visual sensations be reckoned according to their functional role. But the objector is also right in insisting that a relative inversion of two peopl ...
The private language argument
... §304. "But you will surely admit that there is a difference between pain-behaviour accompanied by pain and pain-behaviour without any pain?” — Admit it? What greater difference could there be? —"And yet you again and again reach the conclusion that the sensation itself is a nothing.” —Not at all. It ...
... §304. "But you will surely admit that there is a difference between pain-behaviour accompanied by pain and pain-behaviour without any pain?” — Admit it? What greater difference could there be? —"And yet you again and again reach the conclusion that the sensation itself is a nothing.” —Not at all. It ...
Subject and Object
... provides, but to say what I mean, choosing among available words, all of which come each with its own different cloud of distracting connotations, associations, prejudices, and customary uses. So as a practical matter, for the sake of argument, let’s accept Gallagher’s stipulation and focus it by sa ...
... provides, but to say what I mean, choosing among available words, all of which come each with its own different cloud of distracting connotations, associations, prejudices, and customary uses. So as a practical matter, for the sake of argument, let’s accept Gallagher’s stipulation and focus it by sa ...
1 Graham Priest. One: Being an investigation into the Unity of
... amount of expository care Priest gives to Plato and Buddhist philosophers. Leibniz’s argument, for instance, is not that ‘if there were no ground to a reality-dependence regress, there would be no reality,’ as Priest says (184), but that then reality would be inexplicable. Nonetheless, Priest embrac ...
... amount of expository care Priest gives to Plato and Buddhist philosophers. Leibniz’s argument, for instance, is not that ‘if there were no ground to a reality-dependence regress, there would be no reality,’ as Priest says (184), but that then reality would be inexplicable. Nonetheless, Priest embrac ...
Paul Laurence Dunbar
... We fall below the line! We fall below the standards! If only you could see What we see through these eyes (This flag is burning, it will sink under your skin!) ...
... We fall below the line! We fall below the standards! If only you could see What we see through these eyes (This flag is burning, it will sink under your skin!) ...
Chapter1 (new window)
... – Transduction occurs which changes environmental energy to nerve impulses ...
... – Transduction occurs which changes environmental energy to nerve impulses ...
The Puzzle of Conscious Experience - Filosofia - nihilsibi
... Researchers use the word "consciousness" in many different ways. To clarify the issues, we first have to separate the problems that are often clustered together under the name. For this purpose, I find it useful to distinguish between the "easy problems" and the "hard problem" of consciousness. The ...
... Researchers use the word "consciousness" in many different ways. To clarify the issues, we first have to separate the problems that are often clustered together under the name. For this purpose, I find it useful to distinguish between the "easy problems" and the "hard problem" of consciousness. The ...
Rationalist Epistemology
... The statement of the so-called Socratic paradox appears at 77c-78b. The Socratic paradox is Socrates’ apparent claim that arete is a kind of knowledge, and vice a kind of ignorance. It is a paradox (an odd or unusual claim) because people usually think a person can know the good and still fail to do ...
... The statement of the so-called Socratic paradox appears at 77c-78b. The Socratic paradox is Socrates’ apparent claim that arete is a kind of knowledge, and vice a kind of ignorance. It is a paradox (an odd or unusual claim) because people usually think a person can know the good and still fail to do ...
Chapter3
... from the mass of stimuli around us • Allows us to to focus on information that is relevant to what we are doing • Involves audio and/or visual senses • Focussed and divided attention enables us to be selective in terms of the mass of competing stimuli but limits our ability to keep track of all even ...
... from the mass of stimuli around us • Allows us to to focus on information that is relevant to what we are doing • Involves audio and/or visual senses • Focussed and divided attention enables us to be selective in terms of the mass of competing stimuli but limits our ability to keep track of all even ...
Knowledge structuring in scholarly discourse
... not quite true. When getting familiar with a scientific field a student gets the feeling that he or she gains a better understanding of the arguments contained within this field making them more convincing. Later on, as the learning processes moves forward, the student will learn that there are also ...
... not quite true. When getting familiar with a scientific field a student gets the feeling that he or she gains a better understanding of the arguments contained within this field making them more convincing. Later on, as the learning processes moves forward, the student will learn that there are also ...
The Emergence of Self-Awareness
... what kind of external forces impinge on the careenium’s external walls. Thus the behaviour of simmballs inside the careenium comes to reflect conditions outside it. Our minds, says Hofstadter, work in just this way. Inside the cranium (careenium) are millions of nervous cells whose behaviour is more ...
... what kind of external forces impinge on the careenium’s external walls. Thus the behaviour of simmballs inside the careenium comes to reflect conditions outside it. Our minds, says Hofstadter, work in just this way. Inside the cranium (careenium) are millions of nervous cells whose behaviour is more ...
Ch07
... Affordances - What Objects Are Used for • Gibson believed affordances of objects are made up of information that indicates what an object is used for. – They indicate “potential for action” as part of our perception. – People with certain types of brain damage show that even though they may not be ...
... Affordances - What Objects Are Used for • Gibson believed affordances of objects are made up of information that indicates what an object is used for. – They indicate “potential for action” as part of our perception. – People with certain types of brain damage show that even though they may not be ...
chapter7
... Affordances - What Objects Are Used for • Gibson believed affordances of objects are made up of information that indicates what an object is used for. – They indicate “potential for action” as part of our perception. – People with certain types of brain damage show that even though they may not be ...
... Affordances - What Objects Are Used for • Gibson believed affordances of objects are made up of information that indicates what an object is used for. – They indicate “potential for action” as part of our perception. – People with certain types of brain damage show that even though they may not be ...
Lessons from Kant: On Knowledge, Morality, and Beauty
... operational theories regarding the apparatus in use etc.). In scholarly settings, which are actually far more dominant (since almost all that we know comes from texts not from raw data), the relevant theories include also “theories” regarding the trustworthiness of various sources. In both cases, w ...
... operational theories regarding the apparatus in use etc.). In scholarly settings, which are actually far more dominant (since almost all that we know comes from texts not from raw data), the relevant theories include also “theories” regarding the trustworthiness of various sources. In both cases, w ...
From The Philosophy of Ernst Cassirer, edited by
... resist and distort scientific thought? The misconceptions interested him. If the logical and factual type of thought which science demands is hard to maintain, there must be some other mode of thinking which constantly interferes with it. Language, the expression of thought, could not possibly be a ...
... resist and distort scientific thought? The misconceptions interested him. If the logical and factual type of thought which science demands is hard to maintain, there must be some other mode of thinking which constantly interferes with it. Language, the expression of thought, could not possibly be a ...
"Cannon-fodder for whose science wars?", reply by Alan Sokal and
... with politics. Whatever one’s views on Lacanian mathematics or the theoryladenness of observation, one may hold, without fear of contradiction, any view whatsoever on military spending, welfare or gay marriage. ...
... with politics. Whatever one’s views on Lacanian mathematics or the theoryladenness of observation, one may hold, without fear of contradiction, any view whatsoever on military spending, welfare or gay marriage. ...
Chapter 16: Social Behavior
... 1. Describe how various aspects of physical appearance may influence our impressions of others. 2. Explain how schemas, stereotypes, and other factors contribute to subjectivity in person perception. 3. Explain the evolutionary perspective on bias in person perception. 4. Explain what attributions a ...
... 1. Describe how various aspects of physical appearance may influence our impressions of others. 2. Explain how schemas, stereotypes, and other factors contribute to subjectivity in person perception. 3. Explain the evolutionary perspective on bias in person perception. 4. Explain what attributions a ...
Emotions, attitudes and communication
... The building block upon which he constructed his philosophy of Dualism. In Descartes' approach, thought is the proof of existence; it is the basic truth. Damasio argues that the body is the genesis of thought, that thinking is inherent to a body in which no spirit exists. The fundamental difference ...
... The building block upon which he constructed his philosophy of Dualism. In Descartes' approach, thought is the proof of existence; it is the basic truth. Damasio argues that the body is the genesis of thought, that thinking is inherent to a body in which no spirit exists. The fundamental difference ...
Working Paper - Tufts University
... We can easily compare Whitehead's version of realism to that of the critical realists. Lawson, for example, defines his preferred position as asserting "that the ultimate objects of enquiry exist for the most part independently of, or at least prior to, their investigation" (1999: 27). Both version ...
... We can easily compare Whitehead's version of realism to that of the critical realists. Lawson, for example, defines his preferred position as asserting "that the ultimate objects of enquiry exist for the most part independently of, or at least prior to, their investigation" (1999: 27). Both version ...
Epicurus and Lucretius
... but is described as an inseparable accident of it. Virtuous activities are attended by, and to some extent perfected by, the pleasure associated with them. Aristotle is rather more Socratic than Plato in his sense of the importance of common sense opinions about the nature of virtue, in both induct ...
... but is described as an inseparable accident of it. Virtuous activities are attended by, and to some extent perfected by, the pleasure associated with them. Aristotle is rather more Socratic than Plato in his sense of the importance of common sense opinions about the nature of virtue, in both induct ...
Direct and indirect realism
The question of direct or ""naïve"" realism, as opposed to indirect or ""representational"" realism, arises in the philosophy of perception and of mind out of the debate over the nature of conscious experience; the epistemological question of whether the world we see around us is the real world itself or merely an internal perceptual copy of that world generated by neural processes in our brain. Naïve realism is known as direct realism when developed to counter indirect or representative realism, also known as epistemological dualism, the philosophical position that our conscious experience is not of the real world itself but of an internal representation, a miniature virtual-reality replica of the world. Indirect realism is broadly equivalent to the accepted view of perception in natural science that states that we do not and cannot perceive the external world as it really is but know only our ideas and interpretations of the way the world is. Representationalism is one of the key assumptions of cognitivism in psychology. The representational realist would deny that 'first-hand knowledge' is a coherent concept, since knowledge is always via some means. Our ideas of the world are interpretations of sensory input derived from an external world that is real (unlike the standpoint of idealism). The alternative, that we have knowledge of the outside world that is unconstrained by our sense organs and does not require interpretation, would appear to be inconsistent with everyday observation.