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... determining serum fibrinogen which is a large and complex, 340 kDa plasma glycoprotein. It acts in the normal blood coagulation cascade and high values are associated with an intense inflammatory response. Total cholesterol, high- and, respectively, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL, LDL) and ...
... determining serum fibrinogen which is a large and complex, 340 kDa plasma glycoprotein. It acts in the normal blood coagulation cascade and high values are associated with an intense inflammatory response. Total cholesterol, high- and, respectively, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL, LDL) and ...
DIGESTION and ABSORPTION
... • Minimally processed animal products are fine in the diet when the diet is plant-based as a whole • I do recommend consuming all of the foods in the righthand column regularly ...
... • Minimally processed animal products are fine in the diet when the diet is plant-based as a whole • I do recommend consuming all of the foods in the righthand column regularly ...
Principles of BIOCHEMISTRY
... Synthesis of Cholesterol Three stages of cholesterol biosynthesis 1. Synthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate, that is the key building block of cholesterol, from acetyl CoA 2. Condensation of six molecules of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to form squalene 3. Squalene cyclizes and the tetracyclic product ...
... Synthesis of Cholesterol Three stages of cholesterol biosynthesis 1. Synthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate, that is the key building block of cholesterol, from acetyl CoA 2. Condensation of six molecules of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to form squalene 3. Squalene cyclizes and the tetracyclic product ...
Hypolipidemic Drugs
... THE EXOGENOUS PATHWAY: CHO + TG absorbed from the GIT are transported in the lymph and than in the plasma as CHYLOMICRONS to capillaries in muscle and adipose tissues. Here the core TRIGL are hydrolysed by lipoprotein lipase, and the tissues take up the resulting FREE FATTY ACIDS CHO is liberated wi ...
... THE EXOGENOUS PATHWAY: CHO + TG absorbed from the GIT are transported in the lymph and than in the plasma as CHYLOMICRONS to capillaries in muscle and adipose tissues. Here the core TRIGL are hydrolysed by lipoprotein lipase, and the tissues take up the resulting FREE FATTY ACIDS CHO is liberated wi ...
essential fatty acids
... the small intestine, the gallbladder secretes bile. Bile has an affinity for both fat and water, so it can bring the fat into the water. ...
... the small intestine, the gallbladder secretes bile. Bile has an affinity for both fat and water, so it can bring the fat into the water. ...
3-Lipids
... Bile acids are essential for normal digestion and absorption of fats and fatsoluble vitamins. An increase in dietary intake of cholesterol increases its synthesis in the body as ...
... Bile acids are essential for normal digestion and absorption of fats and fatsoluble vitamins. An increase in dietary intake of cholesterol increases its synthesis in the body as ...
Review session for exam-I
... Q25. What distinguishes eicosanoids from other potent biological signaling molecules such as ...
... Q25. What distinguishes eicosanoids from other potent biological signaling molecules such as ...
Does Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
... gland at the base of the brain. TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to make thyroid hormones and secrete them into the blood. The thyroid hormones control the body’s metabolism and can affect cholesterol levels. There are several types of cholesterol, including LDL-cholesterol (bad cholesterol, associa ...
... gland at the base of the brain. TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to make thyroid hormones and secrete them into the blood. The thyroid hormones control the body’s metabolism and can affect cholesterol levels. There are several types of cholesterol, including LDL-cholesterol (bad cholesterol, associa ...
Phospholipids and Membrane
... Sterols • Compounds containing 4 carbon ring structure with any of a variety of side chains • Many important body compounds are sterols – cell membranes, bile acids, sex & adrenal hormones, vit D & cholesterol. ...
... Sterols • Compounds containing 4 carbon ring structure with any of a variety of side chains • Many important body compounds are sterols – cell membranes, bile acids, sex & adrenal hormones, vit D & cholesterol. ...
9. steroid hormones - cmb
... 5. If the diet contains too many fats, they are converted to TAG and cholesterol esters in liver and they are transported through VLDL for example to adipose tissue (insulin promotes this process); 6. VLDL are converted into IDL and LDL while releasing fats but they still contain cholesterol that ...
... 5. If the diet contains too many fats, they are converted to TAG and cholesterol esters in liver and they are transported through VLDL for example to adipose tissue (insulin promotes this process); 6. VLDL are converted into IDL and LDL while releasing fats but they still contain cholesterol that ...
Lipids: Are heterogeneous group of compounds related to the fatty
... Chylomicron(Exogeneous LP): It is synthesized in small intestine from dietary lipid after being digested and absorbed. Chylomicron composed mainly of TG 90 %, and the remainder are PLs, cholesterol and apoLPs. Because of its low density(large size), Chylomicrons - carry triacylglycerol (fat) from t ...
... Chylomicron(Exogeneous LP): It is synthesized in small intestine from dietary lipid after being digested and absorbed. Chylomicron composed mainly of TG 90 %, and the remainder are PLs, cholesterol and apoLPs. Because of its low density(large size), Chylomicrons - carry triacylglycerol (fat) from t ...
NATURE OF LIPIDS. Lipids have a hydrophobic nature because of
... transport triacylglycerols from the liver to other tissues b. High-density lipoproteins (HDL), which transport excess cholesterol from other tissues to the liver and are sometimes referred to as "good" cholesterol The intestine is the site of chylomicron formation. Chylomicrons are triacylglycerols ...
... transport triacylglycerols from the liver to other tissues b. High-density lipoproteins (HDL), which transport excess cholesterol from other tissues to the liver and are sometimes referred to as "good" cholesterol The intestine is the site of chylomicron formation. Chylomicrons are triacylglycerols ...
File
... • Largest, least dense, contain many triacylglycerols • Synthesised in endoplasmic reticulum of epithelial cells in small intestine, then enter blood stream • Carry fatty acids to where they are used or stored • The chylomicron remnants (without fats but still containing cholesterol) move to liver • ...
... • Largest, least dense, contain many triacylglycerols • Synthesised in endoplasmic reticulum of epithelial cells in small intestine, then enter blood stream • Carry fatty acids to where they are used or stored • The chylomicron remnants (without fats but still containing cholesterol) move to liver • ...
Effect of non-ionic detergents on apparent enzyme mechanism
... enzyme. The specific activities (with 1 mM cholesterol dissolved in an aqueous solution of Triton X-100 as the substrate, at 37°C and pH 7.0) of wild type and V121A were 67.7 and 72.0 U/mg, respectively. The effects of pH on the activity and stability, and the optimum temperature of V121A were also ...
... enzyme. The specific activities (with 1 mM cholesterol dissolved in an aqueous solution of Triton X-100 as the substrate, at 37°C and pH 7.0) of wild type and V121A were 67.7 and 72.0 U/mg, respectively. The effects of pH on the activity and stability, and the optimum temperature of V121A were also ...
The Activity of Steroids as Growth Factors for a
... giving peaks in the ultraviolet. Autoxidation does not occur under the conditions of these experiments. The results of testing other products of the mild oxidation of cholesterol were as follows: ( a ) ChoZestanes. Cholestane-3, 6-dione (m.p. 170-171") gave an activity curve almost superimposable up ...
... giving peaks in the ultraviolet. Autoxidation does not occur under the conditions of these experiments. The results of testing other products of the mild oxidation of cholesterol were as follows: ( a ) ChoZestanes. Cholestane-3, 6-dione (m.p. 170-171") gave an activity curve almost superimposable up ...
Lipids • Triglycerides –Fats and oils • Phospholipids
... • Degree of unsaturation revisited –Hydrogenation –Cis vs. trans-fatty acids •Trans fat occurs naturally in meat and dairy foods – Conjugated linoleic in milk » Possibly positive for heart health ...
... • Degree of unsaturation revisited –Hydrogenation –Cis vs. trans-fatty acids •Trans fat occurs naturally in meat and dairy foods – Conjugated linoleic in milk » Possibly positive for heart health ...
biochem_lec3_27-4
... made of cholesterol so cholesterol may precipitate in the gall bladder forming cholesterol stones that’s because its is poorly or insoluble in water and its secreted in the bile from where it was isolated first. It should be in the soluble form, if the process of making it soluble is defected, stone ...
... made of cholesterol so cholesterol may precipitate in the gall bladder forming cholesterol stones that’s because its is poorly or insoluble in water and its secreted in the bile from where it was isolated first. It should be in the soluble form, if the process of making it soluble is defected, stone ...
Metabolism of lipids
... a) a phospholipid bilayer on their surface b) free cholesterol in their core c) triacylglycerols in their core d) surface proteins having a role of ligands, which can bind to receptors of target cells other functions: apoproteins activate enzymes metabolizing lipoproteins, or they have a structural ...
... a) a phospholipid bilayer on their surface b) free cholesterol in their core c) triacylglycerols in their core d) surface proteins having a role of ligands, which can bind to receptors of target cells other functions: apoproteins activate enzymes metabolizing lipoproteins, or they have a structural ...
Glossary of Key Terms in Chapter Two
... atherosclerosis (17.4) deposition of excess plasma cholesterol and other lipids and proteins on the walls of arteries, resulting in a decreased artery diameter and increased blood pressure. cholesterol (17.4) a 27-carbon steroid ring structure that serves as the precursor of the steroid hormones. ch ...
... atherosclerosis (17.4) deposition of excess plasma cholesterol and other lipids and proteins on the walls of arteries, resulting in a decreased artery diameter and increased blood pressure. cholesterol (17.4) a 27-carbon steroid ring structure that serves as the precursor of the steroid hormones. ch ...
Lecture notes Chapter 21
... Cholesterol in the body: Cholesterol is a component of cellular membranes, myelin sheath, and brain and nerve tissue. It is also found in the liver, bile salts, and skin, where it forms vitamin D. In the adrenal gland, it is used to synthesize steroid hormones. Cholesterol in the body in obtained fr ...
... Cholesterol in the body: Cholesterol is a component of cellular membranes, myelin sheath, and brain and nerve tissue. It is also found in the liver, bile salts, and skin, where it forms vitamin D. In the adrenal gland, it is used to synthesize steroid hormones. Cholesterol in the body in obtained fr ...
Chemistry 20 Chapters 13 Lipids
... Glycerophospholipids contain both polar and nonpolar regions, which allow them to interact with both polar and nonpolar substances. The ionized alcohol and phosphate portion called “the head” is polar and can hydrogen bond with water. The two fatty acids connected to the glycerol molecule represent ...
... Glycerophospholipids contain both polar and nonpolar regions, which allow them to interact with both polar and nonpolar substances. The ionized alcohol and phosphate portion called “the head” is polar and can hydrogen bond with water. The two fatty acids connected to the glycerol molecule represent ...
Cholesterol
... e.g., hypolipidemic drugs, e.g., clofibrate; plasticizers, e.g., phthalate (DEHP); endogenous steroids formed by the adrenal glands e.g., dehydroepiandrosterone. ...
... e.g., hypolipidemic drugs, e.g., clofibrate; plasticizers, e.g., phthalate (DEHP); endogenous steroids formed by the adrenal glands e.g., dehydroepiandrosterone. ...
Pathophys - Endocrine
... Mediates hydrolysis of TG from chylos and VLDLs in circ/tissues In liver, mediates TG hydrolysis from chylos IDL→LDL and HDL2→HDL3 Transfer of LCFA to free chol, leading to formation of cholesterol esters Transfer of chol from HDL to VLDL, IDL, chylo rem, in exchange for TG. ...
... Mediates hydrolysis of TG from chylos and VLDLs in circ/tissues In liver, mediates TG hydrolysis from chylos IDL→LDL and HDL2→HDL3 Transfer of LCFA to free chol, leading to formation of cholesterol esters Transfer of chol from HDL to VLDL, IDL, chylo rem, in exchange for TG. ...
Cholesterol
Cholesterol, from the Ancient Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid) followed by the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, is an organic molecule. It is a sterol (or modified steroid), a lipid molecule and is biosynthesized by all animal cells because it is an essential structural component of all animal (not plant or bacterial) cell membranes that is required to maintain both membrane structural integrity and fluidity. Cholesterol enables animal cells to (a) not need a cell wall (like plants and bacteria) to protect membrane integrity/cell-viability, thus are able to (b) change shape and (c) move about (unlike bacteria and plant cells which are restricted by their cell walls).In addition to its importance within cells, cholesterol also serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, bile acids, and vitamin D. Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by animals. All kinds of cells in animals can produce it. In vertebrates the hepatic cells typically produce greater amounts than other cells. It is almost completely absent among prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), although there are some exceptions such as Mycoplasma, which require cholesterol for growth.François Poulletier de la Salle first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones in 1769. However, it was not until 1815 that chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul named the compound ""cholesterine"".