M09P01Globalization
... Under the Treaty, countries must meet their targets primarily through national measures. However, the Kyoto Protocol offers them an additional means of meeting their targets by way of three marketbased mechanisms, which are the following: Emissions trading (ET), known as “the carbon market" Clean de ...
... Under the Treaty, countries must meet their targets primarily through national measures. However, the Kyoto Protocol offers them an additional means of meeting their targets by way of three marketbased mechanisms, which are the following: Emissions trading (ET), known as “the carbon market" Clean de ...
RCP2.6: exploring the possibility to keep global mean temperature
... regulated by the Montreal Protocol (e.g., CFCs, HCFCs, etc.) are prescribed, following scenarios that take account of their regulation. All other halogenated gases (e.g., HFCs, PFCs, SF6) are determined on the basis of assumed changes in the relevant emission factors and activity levels (such as coo ...
... regulated by the Montreal Protocol (e.g., CFCs, HCFCs, etc.) are prescribed, following scenarios that take account of their regulation. All other halogenated gases (e.g., HFCs, PFCs, SF6) are determined on the basis of assumed changes in the relevant emission factors and activity levels (such as coo ...
kyoto protocol and aftermath
... of the Kyoto Protocol allows any Annex I country to transfer to, or acquire from, another Annex I country, reductions of GHG emissions, described as Emission Reduction Units (ERUs), achieved by project activities.13 Introduced in Article 6 of the Protocol, Joint Implementation (JI) is one of two inn ...
... of the Kyoto Protocol allows any Annex I country to transfer to, or acquire from, another Annex I country, reductions of GHG emissions, described as Emission Reduction Units (ERUs), achieved by project activities.13 Introduced in Article 6 of the Protocol, Joint Implementation (JI) is one of two inn ...
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... Another channel of carbon leakage is via the international fossil fuel channel. Carbon-constrained countries adopt stringent climate policies to cut their consumption of fossil fuels. This will push down the international prices of fossil fuels. These reduced prices will in turn induce an increase i ...
... Another channel of carbon leakage is via the international fossil fuel channel. Carbon-constrained countries adopt stringent climate policies to cut their consumption of fossil fuels. This will push down the international prices of fossil fuels. These reduced prices will in turn induce an increase i ...
CRS Report for Congress Global Climate Change: U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions —
... dioxide [CO2] and other greenhouse gases [Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (N2O), Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6)]” at the “end of the decade” “to their 1990 levels.” Subsequently, in the 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC, the U.S. participated in negoti ...
... dioxide [CO2] and other greenhouse gases [Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (N2O), Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6)]” at the “end of the decade” “to their 1990 levels.” Subsequently, in the 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC, the U.S. participated in negoti ...
Ambiguity in Australian emissions markets
... flows into the market and how price change can give a market evaluation of the information while volume looks at the extent of the disagreement in the market. This final point suggests that that volume is the highest when all investors are either optimists or pessimists. Our analysis does suggest a ...
... flows into the market and how price change can give a market evaluation of the information while volume looks at the extent of the disagreement in the market. This final point suggests that that volume is the highest when all investors are either optimists or pessimists. Our analysis does suggest a ...
Driving forces behind EU-27 greenhouse gas emissions
... With a share of 19.5% of total emissions in 2008, transport is the second largest source of emissions in the EU. Furthermore, transport is the sector that has exhibited continuously growing emissions. In the decade analysed, its GHG emissions grew by 5%, from 916 to 962 million tonnes CO2-equivalent ...
... With a share of 19.5% of total emissions in 2008, transport is the second largest source of emissions in the EU. Furthermore, transport is the sector that has exhibited continuously growing emissions. In the decade analysed, its GHG emissions grew by 5%, from 916 to 962 million tonnes CO2-equivalent ...
Arimura - Viessmann European Research Centre
... At least, 25% of the revenue for energy efficiency and clean technology, new technology. ...
... At least, 25% of the revenue for energy efficiency and clean technology, new technology. ...
Why Kyoto?
... Kyoto market the most significant development in international environment politics Kyoto divided the world into two groups – Annex 1 and Annex 2, with Annex 1 primarily OECD, Annex 2, primarily emerging & developing countries Annex 1 countries agreed to take a ‘cap’ to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) e ...
... Kyoto market the most significant development in international environment politics Kyoto divided the world into two groups – Annex 1 and Annex 2, with Annex 1 primarily OECD, Annex 2, primarily emerging & developing countries Annex 1 countries agreed to take a ‘cap’ to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) e ...
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... The setting of our study and the model is based on an assumed introduction of a climate protection policy for the pork producing sector in Germany. This policy is implemented by using a market-based economic instrument such as a tax on GHG emissions or the required purchase of emission certificates ...
... The setting of our study and the model is based on an assumed introduction of a climate protection policy for the pork producing sector in Germany. This policy is implemented by using a market-based economic instrument such as a tax on GHG emissions or the required purchase of emission certificates ...
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... therefore re-estimate the time trend model over 1981 to 2007 and 1982 to 2007. As we can see, excluding the first two observations will eliminate the significance of the time trend. Therefore, we follow Holtz-Eakin and Selden (1995) and set the time effect at its value in the last year of the sample ...
... therefore re-estimate the time trend model over 1981 to 2007 and 1982 to 2007. As we can see, excluding the first two observations will eliminate the significance of the time trend. Therefore, we follow Holtz-Eakin and Selden (1995) and set the time effect at its value in the last year of the sample ...
An Overview of the International Regime Addressing Climate Change
... the first phase, each Member State must include in the program all of its “installations” in the following sectors: (1) energy (electricity and refineries with direct emissions); (2) production and processing of iron and steel; (3) minerals (cement, glass, and ceramic production); and (4) pulp and p ...
... the first phase, each Member State must include in the program all of its “installations” in the following sectors: (1) energy (electricity and refineries with direct emissions); (2) production and processing of iron and steel; (3) minerals (cement, glass, and ceramic production); and (4) pulp and p ...
The Design of a Carbon Neutral Airport
... cannot sign any agreement that does not have fair guidelines for all countries (STERN, 2007). In the United States, federal legislation has yet to be developed to regulate mobile aviation-related GHG emissions. State and local governments have responded to concerns by developing policies to control ...
... cannot sign any agreement that does not have fair guidelines for all countries (STERN, 2007). In the United States, federal legislation has yet to be developed to regulate mobile aviation-related GHG emissions. State and local governments have responded to concerns by developing policies to control ...
Using the Kyoto Protocol as a stepping stone.
... The great danger in ET of the “hot air” has shown not to be serious for the carbon market – countries have only been willing to buy it when it is connected with a Green Investment Scheme (GIS). Until now about 275 MtCO2 has been sold by Russia, Ukraine and the Eastern European countries [102]. In a ...
... The great danger in ET of the “hot air” has shown not to be serious for the carbon market – countries have only been willing to buy it when it is connected with a Green Investment Scheme (GIS). Until now about 275 MtCO2 has been sold by Russia, Ukraine and the Eastern European countries [102]. In a ...
svcrproc
... The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in 1997 as a first step toward stabilizing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. The most important feature of the Protocol is the quantified emissions reduction targets. These would result in a reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases from Annex B coun ...
... The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in 1997 as a first step toward stabilizing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. The most important feature of the Protocol is the quantified emissions reduction targets. These would result in a reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases from Annex B coun ...
CESifo Working Paper no. 2758
... CDM on the international carbon market. A supply surplus of CERs might lead again to another decline in the prices for CERs which would drive investors away from the CDM projects since revenues are expected to be low. Hence, we would not achieve a long term integration of developing countries. Ellis ...
... CDM on the international carbon market. A supply surplus of CERs might lead again to another decline in the prices for CERs which would drive investors away from the CDM projects since revenues are expected to be low. Hence, we would not achieve a long term integration of developing countries. Ellis ...
UK climate change policy and legislation
... UK greenhouse gas emissions. A draft version of the plan was published in March 2011. The publication sets out the progress made to date in reducing UK greenhouse gas emissions whilst presenting the next steps to meet the fourth carbon budget equivalent to a 50 per cent cut in ghg emissions by the m ...
... UK greenhouse gas emissions. A draft version of the plan was published in March 2011. The publication sets out the progress made to date in reducing UK greenhouse gas emissions whilst presenting the next steps to meet the fourth carbon budget equivalent to a 50 per cent cut in ghg emissions by the m ...
Border adjustments under unilateral carbon pricing: the case of Australian carbon tax
... can put extra pressure on industries that use emission-intensive energy sources in their production leading to cost differentials between domestic production and production in countries where carbon emissions are not constrained. It has been argued that such climate policy differences could place Au ...
... can put extra pressure on industries that use emission-intensive energy sources in their production leading to cost differentials between domestic production and production in countries where carbon emissions are not constrained. It has been argued that such climate policy differences could place Au ...
Impact of the Kyoto Protocol on Stabilization of Carbon
... To calculate possible stabilization corridors, we use historical emissions until 2002 and start the emission paths from then onwards. 1990 emission levels are consistent with those provided in the IPCC Third Assessment Report (IPCC 2001) and the IPCC Special Report on Emission Scenarios (IPCC 2000). ...
... To calculate possible stabilization corridors, we use historical emissions until 2002 and start the emission paths from then onwards. 1990 emission levels are consistent with those provided in the IPCC Third Assessment Report (IPCC 2001) and the IPCC Special Report on Emission Scenarios (IPCC 2000). ...
3.1. Greenhouse gases and climate change
... 11% respectively between 1990 and 2010. This would imply a 2% increase in GHG emissions for an enlarged EU – still well short of the existing EU’s 8% reduction target. EU action thus far includes target sharing between Member States, an agreement with the car industry to reduce CO2 emissions from ne ...
... 11% respectively between 1990 and 2010. This would imply a 2% increase in GHG emissions for an enlarged EU – still well short of the existing EU’s 8% reduction target. EU action thus far includes target sharing between Member States, an agreement with the car industry to reduce CO2 emissions from ne ...
CESifo Working Paper no. 2758
... CDM on the international carbon market. A supply surplus of CERs might lead again to another decline in the prices for CERs which would drive investors away from the CDM projects since revenues are expected to be low. Hence, we would not achieve a long term integration of developing countries. Ellis ...
... CDM on the international carbon market. A supply surplus of CERs might lead again to another decline in the prices for CERs which would drive investors away from the CDM projects since revenues are expected to be low. Hence, we would not achieve a long term integration of developing countries. Ellis ...
Comparison of Energy-Related CO Emissions Between China and the U.S.
... Abstract: Under the pressure of rise in global temperatures, carbon dioxide emission has become one of the themes the world most focus on. This paper compares the energy-related CO2 emissions between China and the U.S. by the new method of CO2 emissions per unit square land. The results showed that ...
... Abstract: Under the pressure of rise in global temperatures, carbon dioxide emission has become one of the themes the world most focus on. This paper compares the energy-related CO2 emissions between China and the U.S. by the new method of CO2 emissions per unit square land. The results showed that ...
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... There are a number of institutions which have been created to answer the question of how and when the international community is going to deal with climate changes. The United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was created on 1992 and its main goal was the stabilization of the at ...
... There are a number of institutions which have been created to answer the question of how and when the international community is going to deal with climate changes. The United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was created on 1992 and its main goal was the stabilization of the at ...
The Role of US Households in Global Carbon
... The consumption based perspective on household emissions communicates a very different message to people. It shows that people have the power to directly and indirectly affect a large component of the nations’ carbon emissions through behavior and lifestyle changes that would affect their consumptio ...
... The consumption based perspective on household emissions communicates a very different message to people. It shows that people have the power to directly and indirectly affect a large component of the nations’ carbon emissions through behavior and lifestyle changes that would affect their consumptio ...