Context in Semantics
... The bracketed material is intended to indicate the material that cannot be provided by semantics, but only by pragmatics. As one may imagine, any such list will include cases that virtually all proponents of the simple model of interpretation believe are uncontroversially generated by the compositio ...
... The bracketed material is intended to indicate the material that cannot be provided by semantics, but only by pragmatics. As one may imagine, any such list will include cases that virtually all proponents of the simple model of interpretation believe are uncontroversially generated by the compositio ...
Chapter 7: Refining Your Writing: How Do I Improve
... I would like a chocolate sundae without whipped cream. In this sentence, without whipped cream is the prepositional phrase. Because it describes the chocolate sundae, it cannot be moved to the beginning of the sentence. “Without whipped cream I would like a chocolate sundae” does not make as much (i ...
... I would like a chocolate sundae without whipped cream. In this sentence, without whipped cream is the prepositional phrase. Because it describes the chocolate sundae, it cannot be moved to the beginning of the sentence. “Without whipped cream I would like a chocolate sundae” does not make as much (i ...
Area of Investigation - University of Zimbabwe Institutional Repository
... 1.3 A Brief History of Chakari Nyanja people and language 1.3.1 Chakari Nyanja people The term Nyanja is used to describe both the people and the language. The so-called Nyanja speakers in Zimbabwe are people of Malawian, Zambian and Mozambican origin who came from different ethnic backgrounds for ...
... 1.3 A Brief History of Chakari Nyanja people and language 1.3.1 Chakari Nyanja people The term Nyanja is used to describe both the people and the language. The so-called Nyanja speakers in Zimbabwe are people of Malawian, Zambian and Mozambican origin who came from different ethnic backgrounds for ...
Delta Module One - Cambridge English
... As in previous sessions, candidates are recommended to: ...
... As in previous sessions, candidates are recommended to: ...
HUMOR IN CODE-MIXED AIRLINE ADVERTISING
... Danish/Americans were introduced without violating the equivalence constraint to reinforce ethnic bonds and create funny situations (Stølen 1992). Although Woolard’s and Stølen’s studies are similar in the creative type of codeswitching that produces humor reaction from the audience, there is an imp ...
... Danish/Americans were introduced without violating the equivalence constraint to reinforce ethnic bonds and create funny situations (Stølen 1992). Although Woolard’s and Stølen’s studies are similar in the creative type of codeswitching that produces humor reaction from the audience, there is an imp ...
complete paper - Cascadilla Proceedings Project
... In this paper, we are concerned with the Yoruba pronominal anaphor òun. This pronoun exhibits all the characteristic features of Long Distance Reflexives (LDR), but differs from them in that it may not be locally bound. The evidence suggests that other syntactic factors besides logophoricity may be ...
... In this paper, we are concerned with the Yoruba pronominal anaphor òun. This pronoun exhibits all the characteristic features of Long Distance Reflexives (LDR), but differs from them in that it may not be locally bound. The evidence suggests that other syntactic factors besides logophoricity may be ...
Null Theory of Creole Formation Based on Universal Grammar
... One oft-quoted exponent of this view is Frenchman Lucien Adam, for whom the Frenchderived Creoles of Guyane and Trinidad were ‘Negro-Aryan dialects’ created by Blacks from West Africa who ‘took French words [even as they] conserved, as much as possible, the phonetics and grammar of their mother tong ...
... One oft-quoted exponent of this view is Frenchman Lucien Adam, for whom the Frenchderived Creoles of Guyane and Trinidad were ‘Negro-Aryan dialects’ created by Blacks from West Africa who ‘took French words [even as they] conserved, as much as possible, the phonetics and grammar of their mother tong ...
A Survey of Coordination Strategies in the World`s
... This thesis is a research project on coordination strategies in the world’s languages. It was inspired by the observation that Japanese does not have a single, general-purpose word for and. Instead, in situations where an English sentence would have and, Japanese has a number of different structures ...
... This thesis is a research project on coordination strategies in the world’s languages. It was inspired by the observation that Japanese does not have a single, general-purpose word for and. Instead, in situations where an English sentence would have and, Japanese has a number of different structures ...
Nominal Monoids
... The definition of monoid used in this paper is the same thing as a monoid in the category of nominal sets. That is why we call it a nominal monoid. The restriction on orbit-finiteness is what corresponds to finiteness in the category of nominal sets (more precisely, a nominal set is orbit-finite if ...
... The definition of monoid used in this paper is the same thing as a monoid in the category of nominal sets. That is why we call it a nominal monoid. The restriction on orbit-finiteness is what corresponds to finiteness in the category of nominal sets (more precisely, a nominal set is orbit-finite if ...
1 Title: ERRORS IN THE TRANSLATION OF TOPIC
... structures and that it will have implications for translation pedagogy. ...
... structures and that it will have implications for translation pedagogy. ...
Common Core ELA 9 CC Common Core State Standards 2010
... Craft and Structure Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text, including figurativ ...
... Craft and Structure Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text, including figurativ ...
Sequent Calculus in Natural Deduction Style
... These are the left rules and the right implication rule. In sequent calculus, ever since Gentzen, weakening and contraction have been made into steps independent of the application of these rules. Cut elimination is much more complicated than normalization, with numerous cases of permutation of cut ...
... These are the left rules and the right implication rule. In sequent calculus, ever since Gentzen, weakening and contraction have been made into steps independent of the application of these rules. Cut elimination is much more complicated than normalization, with numerous cases of permutation of cut ...
Idiomatic Root Merge in Modern Hebrew blends
... In section §5, I propose Idiomatic Root Merge (IRM) as an analysis for phrasal idioms, and extend this analysis to blends, which behave similarly in comprising constituents (potentially phrasal), while having idiosyncratic meaning. IRM is an alternative to Locality Constraints, eliminating the idea ...
... In section §5, I propose Idiomatic Root Merge (IRM) as an analysis for phrasal idioms, and extend this analysis to blends, which behave similarly in comprising constituents (potentially phrasal), while having idiosyncratic meaning. IRM is an alternative to Locality Constraints, eliminating the idea ...
Cross-linguistic priming of syntactic hierarchical
... (non-)selectivity in lexical processing, researchers interested in the syntactic level of language processing have been less active in investigating bilinguals’ organization of linguistic knowledge. The same theoretical question can be asked about syntactic processing. On the one hand, bilinguals ma ...
... (non-)selectivity in lexical processing, researchers interested in the syntactic level of language processing have been less active in investigating bilinguals’ organization of linguistic knowledge. The same theoretical question can be asked about syntactic processing. On the one hand, bilinguals ma ...
Grammar Slammer--English Grammar Resource
... (See the marked word Grammar Contents below.) Most browsers show the marked words as underlined words, but some users have different preferences. The marked words may be indicated by a different color or font style. Some marked words such as the words English Plus contain links to an internet page. ...
... (See the marked word Grammar Contents below.) Most browsers show the marked words as underlined words, but some users have different preferences. The marked words may be indicated by a different color or font style. Some marked words such as the words English Plus contain links to an internet page. ...
CAN COMPUTERS HANDLE ADVERBS?
... perhaps also the most interesting part of speech. Past research in natural language processing, however, has not dealt seriously with adverbs, though linguists have done significant work on this word class. The current paper draws on this linguistic research to organize an adverbial lexicon which wi ...
... perhaps also the most interesting part of speech. Past research in natural language processing, however, has not dealt seriously with adverbs, though linguists have done significant work on this word class. The current paper draws on this linguistic research to organize an adverbial lexicon which wi ...
Optimality in Sentence Processing
... by our grammar. As discussed in Section 12:2, a parsing algorithm would never actually generate more than a small set of these trees. The incremental nature of human parsing especially would be naturally modeled by algorithms which generate a small number of potentially-optimal candidates as they pr ...
... by our grammar. As discussed in Section 12:2, a parsing algorithm would never actually generate more than a small set of these trees. The incremental nature of human parsing especially would be naturally modeled by algorithms which generate a small number of potentially-optimal candidates as they pr ...
The Marshallese Complemetizer Phrase
... However, as might be anticipated, the subject position may only be empty when the subject is clear to the speaker and listener; both parties need to understand who "they" are in sentence (10) in order for it to lack a subject. It should be noted that it is unclear whether or not these subject marker ...
... However, as might be anticipated, the subject position may only be empty when the subject is clear to the speaker and listener; both parties need to understand who "they" are in sentence (10) in order for it to lack a subject. It should be noted that it is unclear whether or not these subject marker ...
insight into the slovak and czech corpus linguistics
... VĚRA SCHMIEDTOVÁ This text was developed and has been used as a basic study material for courses on corpus linguistics taught at the Charles University in Prague over the last couple of years. In addition, it was presented at a workshop in 2003 at the Institute for the Slovak National Corpus in Brat ...
... VĚRA SCHMIEDTOVÁ This text was developed and has been used as a basic study material for courses on corpus linguistics taught at the Charles University in Prague over the last couple of years. In addition, it was presented at a workshop in 2003 at the Institute for the Slovak National Corpus in Brat ...
The Expressive Pause: Punctuation, Rests, and Breathing in
... period was used when the sense of the sentence was fully completed, and it was marked by a pause long enough for the orator to count to four (about the time of a semibreve).18 Such a pause composed the mind and enabled the listener to reflect upon the entire sentence in order to gain a full comprehe ...
... period was used when the sense of the sentence was fully completed, and it was marked by a pause long enough for the orator to count to four (about the time of a semibreve).18 Such a pause composed the mind and enabled the listener to reflect upon the entire sentence in order to gain a full comprehe ...
specificational copular sentences in russian and english
... The kind of copular sentence exemplified by (1) and (2) has been known as “specificational” since the work of Halliday (1967), Akmajian (1970, 1979), and especially the classic Higgins (1973), which provided insights and examples that have fueled much of the subsequent work on the topic. As Higgins ...
... The kind of copular sentence exemplified by (1) and (2) has been known as “specificational” since the work of Halliday (1967), Akmajian (1970, 1979), and especially the classic Higgins (1973), which provided insights and examples that have fueled much of the subsequent work on the topic. As Higgins ...
The English relative clause - Machine Translation Archive
... might also generate such sentences as: They called the girl up. He calls the girl up. etc. ...
... might also generate such sentences as: They called the girl up. He calls the girl up. etc. ...
Lambrecht 2000
... In previous work (Lambrecht 1986, 1994) I have argued that the pragmatic structuring of propositions into presupposed and non-presupposed portions is done cross-linguistically in terms of a small number of types of focus articulation or , which correspond to different types of communi ...
... In previous work (Lambrecht 1986, 1994) I have argued that the pragmatic structuring of propositions into presupposed and non-presupposed portions is done cross-linguistically in terms of a small number of types of focus articulation or , which correspond to different types of communi ...
Grammar Challenge
... 2. I wanted to wash my car, but I didn’t have time. Do you wish you'd had time to wash your car? 3. Michal wanted to buy a diamond ring for his girlfriend, but he couldn’t afford it. Does Michal's girlfriend wish he had bought her a diamond ring? 4. Maria ate too many sweets when she was a child, an ...
... 2. I wanted to wash my car, but I didn’t have time. Do you wish you'd had time to wash your car? 3. Michal wanted to buy a diamond ring for his girlfriend, but he couldn’t afford it. Does Michal's girlfriend wish he had bought her a diamond ring? 4. Maria ate too many sweets when she was a child, an ...
On the Use and Meaning of Prepositions Clearly
... preposition they were to have used in the sentence. They were reminded that prepositions had objects and were shown a sample written sentence (using behind) with its circled preposition and its object. After the Ss had written sentences for all 33 prepositions, they were asked to think of a word tha ...
... preposition they were to have used in the sentence. They were reminded that prepositions had objects and were shown a sample written sentence (using behind) with its circled preposition and its object. After the Ss had written sentences for all 33 prepositions, they were asked to think of a word tha ...