THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL INDIAN OCEAN EXPEDITION
... The Second International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE-2) Science Plan, described in this document, is motivated by the need to advance understanding of geologic, oceanic and atmospheric processes and their interactions in the Indian Ocean, and to determine how these dynamics affect climate, marine ...
... The Second International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE-2) Science Plan, described in this document, is motivated by the need to advance understanding of geologic, oceanic and atmospheric processes and their interactions in the Indian Ocean, and to determine how these dynamics affect climate, marine ...
Reconciling plate-tectonic reconstructions of Alpine
... independent microplates whose motions are constrained primarily by the geological record. The motions of these microplates (Adria, Iberia, Alcapia, Alkapecia, and Tiszia) relative to both Africa and Europe during Late Cretaceous to Cenozoic time involved the subduction of remnant Tethyan basins duri ...
... independent microplates whose motions are constrained primarily by the geological record. The motions of these microplates (Adria, Iberia, Alcapia, Alkapecia, and Tiszia) relative to both Africa and Europe during Late Cretaceous to Cenozoic time involved the subduction of remnant Tethyan basins duri ...
Author`s personal copy - Freie Universität Berlin
... independent microplates whose motions are constrained primarily by the geological record. The motions of these microplates (Adria, Iberia, Alcapia, Alkapecia, and Tiszia) relative to both Africa and Europe during Late Cretaceous to Cenozoic time involved the subduction of remnant Tethyan basins duri ...
... independent microplates whose motions are constrained primarily by the geological record. The motions of these microplates (Adria, Iberia, Alcapia, Alkapecia, and Tiszia) relative to both Africa and Europe during Late Cretaceous to Cenozoic time involved the subduction of remnant Tethyan basins duri ...
G. Heinson, Electromagnetic studies of the lithosphere and
... Wallace, 1995). The presence of partial melt will reduce the shear-wave rigiditymodulus further. Localised temperature perturbations are likely to be even larger than can be imaged by the limited spatial resolution of the tomographic model. Fluid dynamical calculations indicate that resulting densit ...
... Wallace, 1995). The presence of partial melt will reduce the shear-wave rigiditymodulus further. Localised temperature perturbations are likely to be even larger than can be imaged by the limited spatial resolution of the tomographic model. Fluid dynamical calculations indicate that resulting densit ...
Glossary of Physical Oceanography and Related Disciplines
... formed by turbidity currents which covered the preexisting topography. Most abyssal plains are located between the base of the continental rise and the abyssal hills. The remainder are trench abyssal plains that lie in the bottom of deep-sea trenches. This latter type traps all sediment from turbidi ...
... formed by turbidity currents which covered the preexisting topography. Most abyssal plains are located between the base of the continental rise and the abyssal hills. The remainder are trench abyssal plains that lie in the bottom of deep-sea trenches. This latter type traps all sediment from turbidi ...
technical report 91 -32
... rocks in the far-field of a potential repository. These data are used in mathematical models describing the migration through the geosphere. Some of the elements present in nuclear waste exist in several oxidation states within the range of redox potentials that is likely to be encountered in a repo ...
... rocks in the far-field of a potential repository. These data are used in mathematical models describing the migration through the geosphere. Some of the elements present in nuclear waste exist in several oxidation states within the range of redox potentials that is likely to be encountered in a repo ...
The chemical composition of subducting sediment and its
... re-evaluate the chemical composition of the continental crust. The large variations in the chemical composition of marine sediments are for the most part linked to the main lithological constituents. The alkali elements ŽK, Rb and Cs. and high field strength elements ŽTi, Nb, Hf, Zr. are closely lin ...
... re-evaluate the chemical composition of the continental crust. The large variations in the chemical composition of marine sediments are for the most part linked to the main lithological constituents. The alkali elements ŽK, Rb and Cs. and high field strength elements ŽTi, Nb, Hf, Zr. are closely lin ...
Urea decomposition by bacteria in the Southern California Bight and
... strategy for acquiring energy from ammonium, an intriguing question is why other mesopelagic bacteria should be ureolytic, i.e. whether there is an energetic advantage or nitrogen limitation. Heterotrophic bacteria in the mesopelagial might use urea (after extra- or intracellular hydrolysis to ammon ...
... strategy for acquiring energy from ammonium, an intriguing question is why other mesopelagic bacteria should be ureolytic, i.e. whether there is an energetic advantage or nitrogen limitation. Heterotrophic bacteria in the mesopelagial might use urea (after extra- or intracellular hydrolysis to ammon ...
Mantle Melting Beneath Mid-Ocean Ridges The Harvard community
... leads to melting. The melt is less dense than the solid, and rises to the surface to form the oceanic crust. Figure 1 shows how rising mantle crosses the “solidus” (the transition from complete solid to partial melt) and melts progressively towards the surface. Note that because the mantle is a soli ...
... leads to melting. The melt is less dense than the solid, and rises to the surface to form the oceanic crust. Figure 1 shows how rising mantle crosses the “solidus” (the transition from complete solid to partial melt) and melts progressively towards the surface. Note that because the mantle is a soli ...
Mantle Meltıng Beneath Mıd-Ocean rıdges
... leads to melting. The melt is less dense than the solid, and rises to the surface to form the oceanic crust. Figure 1 shows how rising mantle crosses the “solidus” (the transition from complete solid to partial melt) and melts progressively towards the surface. Note that because the mantle is a soli ...
... leads to melting. The melt is less dense than the solid, and rises to the surface to form the oceanic crust. Figure 1 shows how rising mantle crosses the “solidus” (the transition from complete solid to partial melt) and melts progressively towards the surface. Note that because the mantle is a soli ...
ohrlls unesco un-doalos - Sustainable Development Knowledge
... Dr. Morrell, speaking on the on regional SIDS oceans policy as it relates to marine science and technology, recalled the high importance that Pacific SIDS place on oceans and its resources. He underscored the value of marine resources to Pacific SIDS in terms of economic value and support for liveli ...
... Dr. Morrell, speaking on the on regional SIDS oceans policy as it relates to marine science and technology, recalled the high importance that Pacific SIDS place on oceans and its resources. He underscored the value of marine resources to Pacific SIDS in terms of economic value and support for liveli ...
SECOND INTERNATIONAL INDIAN OCEAN EXPEDITION (IIOE-2)
... understanding of geologic, oceanic and atmospheric processes in the Indian Ocean is still rudimentary in many respects. This is largely because the Indian Ocean remains under-sampled in both space and time, especially compared to the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The situation is compounded by the In ...
... understanding of geologic, oceanic and atmospheric processes in the Indian Ocean is still rudimentary in many respects. This is largely because the Indian Ocean remains under-sampled in both space and time, especially compared to the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The situation is compounded by the In ...
A trace element perspective on the source of ocean island basalts
... Figure 3 Panels a-c on the left are based on the 115 island-averaged data given in Table 2 of Humphreys and Niu (2009). The thick arrowed lines are regression lines and point in the direction of increasing pressure and decreasing extent of melting with increasing lithosphere thickness (Humphreys and ...
... Figure 3 Panels a-c on the left are based on the 115 island-averaged data given in Table 2 of Humphreys and Niu (2009). The thick arrowed lines are regression lines and point in the direction of increasing pressure and decreasing extent of melting with increasing lithosphere thickness (Humphreys and ...
Changes in optical characteristics of surface
... matter production are counterbalanced by heterotrophic respiration, which provides sinks for the oxygen produced by autotrophs and leads to subsurface oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) (Lachkar and Gruber, 2011). OMZs are expanding worldwide due to reduced solubility at increasing temperatures, as well as ...
... matter production are counterbalanced by heterotrophic respiration, which provides sinks for the oxygen produced by autotrophs and leads to subsurface oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) (Lachkar and Gruber, 2011). OMZs are expanding worldwide due to reduced solubility at increasing temperatures, as well as ...
Adakitic magmas: modern analogues of Archaean granitoids
... mantle–adakite interactions. Recent structural studies have demonstrated that plate tectonics operated during the first half of Earth history. The very strong similarities that exist between modern adakites and Archaean tonalite, trondhjemite and granodiorite ŽTTG. attest that both have the same sou ...
... mantle–adakite interactions. Recent structural studies have demonstrated that plate tectonics operated during the first half of Earth history. The very strong similarities that exist between modern adakites and Archaean tonalite, trondhjemite and granodiorite ŽTTG. attest that both have the same sou ...
Radiogenic Isotope Geochemistry of the Mantle
... Gast's statement remains a valid and succinct summary of the principles of isotope geochemistry. The only change we need to make is to modify the last sentence to add mention of the radiogenic isotopes of Nd, Hf, Os, etc. A principal objective of geology is to understand how the Earth evolved from i ...
... Gast's statement remains a valid and succinct summary of the principles of isotope geochemistry. The only change we need to make is to modify the last sentence to add mention of the radiogenic isotopes of Nd, Hf, Os, etc. A principal objective of geology is to understand how the Earth evolved from i ...
Ocean Process Tracers: Nitrogen Isotopes in the Ocean (MS 632
... In this overview, we outline the isotope systematics of N cycle processes and their impacts on the isotopic composition of the major N reservoirs in the ocean. This information provides a starting point for considering the wide range of questions in ocean sciences to which the N isotopes can be appl ...
... In this overview, we outline the isotope systematics of N cycle processes and their impacts on the isotopic composition of the major N reservoirs in the ocean. This information provides a starting point for considering the wide range of questions in ocean sciences to which the N isotopes can be appl ...
Lecture 18
... through time to 2.5, the timeintegrated ratio should be somewhere in between these two v a l ues. Indeed, it is. However, the time-integrated value of 3.75 is surprisingly close to the initial value. This would imply in a simple evolutionary model of the mantle that the depletion in T h relative to ...
... through time to 2.5, the timeintegrated ratio should be somewhere in between these two v a l ues. Indeed, it is. However, the time-integrated value of 3.75 is surprisingly close to the initial value. This would imply in a simple evolutionary model of the mantle that the depletion in T h relative to ...
Report - INCOIS
... The ventilation of the Indian Ocean basin by the subduction of water in the southern Indian Ocean and then northward flow at depth, because the subtropical convergence zone typically found in other major-ocean basins does not exist here Sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies, mainly due to the comb ...
... The ventilation of the Indian Ocean basin by the subduction of water in the southern Indian Ocean and then northward flow at depth, because the subtropical convergence zone typically found in other major-ocean basins does not exist here Sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies, mainly due to the comb ...
Natural fractionation of U/ U
... Our findings imply that U isotope fractionation occurs in both oxic (manganese crusts) and suboxic to euxinic environments with opposite directions. In the first case, we hypothesize that this fractionation results from adsorption of U to ferromanganese oxides, as is the case for Mo and possibly Tl is ...
... Our findings imply that U isotope fractionation occurs in both oxic (manganese crusts) and suboxic to euxinic environments with opposite directions. In the first case, we hypothesize that this fractionation results from adsorption of U to ferromanganese oxides, as is the case for Mo and possibly Tl is ...
Anoxic event
Oceanic anoxic events or anoxic events (Anoxia conditions) refer to intervals in the Earth's past where portions of oceans become depleted in oxygen (O2) at depths over a large geographic area. During some of these events, euxinia develops - euxinia refers to anoxic waters that contain H2S hydrogen sulfide. Although anoxic events have not happened for millions of years, the geological record shows that they happened many times in the past. Anoxic events coincide with several mass extinctions and may contribute to these events. These mass extinctions include some that geobiologists use as time markers in biostratigraphic dating. It is believed oceanic anoxic events are strongly linked to slowing of ocean circulation, climatic warming and elevated levels of greenhouse gases. Enhanced volcanism (through the release of CO2 and other greenhouse gases) is the proposed central external trigger for the development of these events.