Observations of the Magnetic Fields Inside and Outside the
... assoicated magnetic fields will also reverse with time. The above-ground lines can be seriously affected by the passage of solar magnetic storms speeding away from the Sun and encountering the Earth. In 1994, Canada's Anik-E1 and Anik-E2 communication satellites were hit by a magnetic blast from the ...
... assoicated magnetic fields will also reverse with time. The above-ground lines can be seriously affected by the passage of solar magnetic storms speeding away from the Sun and encountering the Earth. In 1994, Canada's Anik-E1 and Anik-E2 communication satellites were hit by a magnetic blast from the ...
RADIO RELICS AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN GALAXY CLUSTERS
... the non-detection of inverse Compton emission from these sources. These limits will be combined with the constraints obtained from the analysis of the thickness of relics. The spatial profile of the magnetic field in GCs is still poorly known. In this respect constraints on magnetic fields at the di ...
... the non-detection of inverse Compton emission from these sources. These limits will be combined with the constraints obtained from the analysis of the thickness of relics. The spatial profile of the magnetic field in GCs is still poorly known. In this respect constraints on magnetic fields at the di ...
Magnetic fields and mass loss in massive stars
... 1996; Fullerton 2003). Some well-observed stars were found to show periodic or cyclic behaviour on a timescale of a few days, which is comparable to the rotation timescale. In principle such variability could be related to non-radial pulsations, but as no non-radial pulsations with sufficiently long ...
... 1996; Fullerton 2003). Some well-observed stars were found to show periodic or cyclic behaviour on a timescale of a few days, which is comparable to the rotation timescale. In principle such variability could be related to non-radial pulsations, but as no non-radial pulsations with sufficiently long ...
A search for the cause of cyclical wind variability in O stars
... Hα line profiles. The epochs of maximum absorption in the UV resonance lines due to discrete absorption components (DACs) coincide in phase with the maxima in blue-shifted Hα absorption. This implies that the periodic variability originates close to the stellar surface. The phase−velocity relation s ...
... Hα line profiles. The epochs of maximum absorption in the UV resonance lines due to discrete absorption components (DACs) coincide in phase with the maxima in blue-shifted Hα absorption. This implies that the periodic variability originates close to the stellar surface. The phase−velocity relation s ...
Molecular Clouds and the Onset of Star Formation
... cloud cores. The clouds have been characterized as both clumpy and filamentary. The general properties on selected scales are listed in Table 2.1. In fact each type of structure exhibits a range of properties [335]. The clumpiness of a molecular cloud can be characterized by a so-called volume filli ...
... cloud cores. The clouds have been characterized as both clumpy and filamentary. The general properties on selected scales are listed in Table 2.1. In fact each type of structure exhibits a range of properties [335]. The clumpiness of a molecular cloud can be characterized by a so-called volume filli ...
Magnetism in Isolated and Binary White Dwarfs
... Following the discovery by Babcock (1947) of a polar magnetic Ðeld of D1500 G in the Ap star 78 Vir, it became apparent that sizeable magnetic Ðelds were present in stars other than the Sun. If magnetic Ñux was conserved during stellar evolution, white dwarfs should be expected to have magnetic Ðeld ...
... Following the discovery by Babcock (1947) of a polar magnetic Ðeld of D1500 G in the Ap star 78 Vir, it became apparent that sizeable magnetic Ðelds were present in stars other than the Sun. If magnetic Ñux was conserved during stellar evolution, white dwarfs should be expected to have magnetic Ðeld ...
The Coriolis Effect: Four centuries of conflict between common
... energy) of the body, only the direction of its motion. The statement that the Coriolis force “does not do any work” should not be misunderstood to mean that it “doesn’t do anything”4. The cross product also tells us that only motions, or components of motions, perpendicular to are deflected. This ...
... energy) of the body, only the direction of its motion. The statement that the Coriolis force “does not do any work” should not be misunderstood to mean that it “doesn’t do anything”4. The cross product also tells us that only motions, or components of motions, perpendicular to are deflected. This ...
IFS_Question_Paper_Chemical_engineering
... quenched in 150 kg of oil [Cp = 2.5 kJ kg-1 K-l at 25°C. If there are no heat losses, what is the change in entropy of : (i) the casting, (ii) the oil and (iii) both considered together? (25) (b) Derive the expression for the design equation of tubular reactor. (15) 4. (a) One litre/mm of liquid con ...
... quenched in 150 kg of oil [Cp = 2.5 kJ kg-1 K-l at 25°C. If there are no heat losses, what is the change in entropy of : (i) the casting, (ii) the oil and (iii) both considered together? (25) (b) Derive the expression for the design equation of tubular reactor. (15) 4. (a) One litre/mm of liquid con ...
Coronal energy input and dissipation in a solar active region 3D
... To investigate the spatial distribution of the energy input into the model corona, we look at the individual heating terms in a horizontal average at a given height. The driving in the bottom boundary layer provides the energy input by Poynting flux into the model. In Fig. 2 we show which energy dis ...
... To investigate the spatial distribution of the energy input into the model corona, we look at the individual heating terms in a horizontal average at a given height. The driving in the bottom boundary layer provides the energy input by Poynting flux into the model. In Fig. 2 we show which energy dis ...
Section IV High-Energy Astrophysics and Cosmology
... years. But in this case the ejected BH could traverse a considerable distance and appears as an off-center galaxy region. Loeb [33] claimed that only small fraction of all quasars could be associated with an escaping SMBH. Equation (7) allows us to find the candidates for escaping BHs. According to ...
... years. But in this case the ejected BH could traverse a considerable distance and appears as an off-center galaxy region. Loeb [33] claimed that only small fraction of all quasars could be associated with an escaping SMBH. Equation (7) allows us to find the candidates for escaping BHs. According to ...
Influence of Temperature on Electrical
... a standard temperature of 25 °C. For this reason, most current conductivity monitors have an integrated temperature sensor and offer algorithms to convert measured values to the standard temperature. This article looks at the physicalchemical basics of electrical conductivity measurement and discuss ...
... a standard temperature of 25 °C. For this reason, most current conductivity monitors have an integrated temperature sensor and offer algorithms to convert measured values to the standard temperature. This article looks at the physicalchemical basics of electrical conductivity measurement and discuss ...
CLUSTER MAGNETIC FIELDS - NED
... clusters with X-ray luminosities >1045 erg s−1, the radio detection rate increases to 35% (Feretti et al. 2001, Owen et al. 1999). Likewise, there may be a correlation between the existence of a cluster radio halo and the existence of substructure in X-ray images of the hot cluster atmosphere, indic ...
... clusters with X-ray luminosities >1045 erg s−1, the radio detection rate increases to 35% (Feretti et al. 2001, Owen et al. 1999). Likewise, there may be a correlation between the existence of a cluster radio halo and the existence of substructure in X-ray images of the hot cluster atmosphere, indic ...
Origin of solar surface activity and sunspots Sarah Jabbari Nordita, Stockholm, Sweden
... collapse of small flux tubes. He found a critical value for the magnetic field strength needed to get such field concentrations. For a field stronger than a certain critical value, the magnetic field will suppress convection. He computed this critical value for the solar convection zone to be about ...
... collapse of small flux tubes. He found a critical value for the magnetic field strength needed to get such field concentrations. For a field stronger than a certain critical value, the magnetic field will suppress convection. He computed this critical value for the solar convection zone to be about ...
Magnetic collapse of a neutron gas: Can magnetars
... lapse when its pressure perpendicular to B implosion is driven by the same mechanism described in [1] for charged particles. We present in this paper, which is an elaborated version of [2], the main ideas concerning the role of ultrastrong magnetic fields in a gas of neutral particles: The standard m ...
... lapse when its pressure perpendicular to B implosion is driven by the same mechanism described in [1] for charged particles. We present in this paper, which is an elaborated version of [2], the main ideas concerning the role of ultrastrong magnetic fields in a gas of neutral particles: The standard m ...
The impact of rotation on the line profiles of Wolf
... which describes the density ratio of a clumped wind to an identical homogenous one (cf. Hamann & Koesterke 1998). Line blanketing is treated using the superlevel approach (Gräfener et al. 2002), as originally implemented by Hillier & Miller (1998). The inner boundary of a model is denoted with R∗ . ...
... which describes the density ratio of a clumped wind to an identical homogenous one (cf. Hamann & Koesterke 1998). Line blanketing is treated using the superlevel approach (Gräfener et al. 2002), as originally implemented by Hillier & Miller (1998). The inner boundary of a model is denoted with R∗ . ...
enhanced angular momentum transport in accretion disks
... numerical simulations of turbulent flow. Magnetic fields have at once powerful and subtle influences on the behavior of (sufficiently) ionized gas, rendering them directly unstable to free energy gradients. Outwardly descreasing angular velocity profiles are unstable. The breakdown of Keplerian rota ...
... numerical simulations of turbulent flow. Magnetic fields have at once powerful and subtle influences on the behavior of (sufficiently) ionized gas, rendering them directly unstable to free energy gradients. Outwardly descreasing angular velocity profiles are unstable. The breakdown of Keplerian rota ...
The Trouble with Cosmological Magnetic Fields
... Can such large scale fields be generated at late time in (proto-)galaxies or quasars and then be ’spilled out’ into intergalactic space? Or are primordial fields needed which then are amplified by contraction and dynamo action to the fields observed in galaxies and clusters? In this latter case fiel ...
... Can such large scale fields be generated at late time in (proto-)galaxies or quasars and then be ’spilled out’ into intergalactic space? Or are primordial fields needed which then are amplified by contraction and dynamo action to the fields observed in galaxies and clusters? In this latter case fiel ...
Enhanced thermal conductivity of ethylene glycol with single
... conductivity measurements were performed by the transient hot-wire technique. Good agreement, within an uncertainty of 2%, was found for published thermal conductivities of the pure fluids. The enhancement of thermal conductivity was found to increase with respect to nanotube loading. The maximum en ...
... conductivity measurements were performed by the transient hot-wire technique. Good agreement, within an uncertainty of 2%, was found for published thermal conductivities of the pure fluids. The enhancement of thermal conductivity was found to increase with respect to nanotube loading. The maximum en ...
Acetone and Ethanol Extraction from Water by
... finite element method (FEM). The simulation results for ethanol and acetone showed an average deviation of 15.6% and 2.5% with the experimental data, respectively. Simulation results for the extraction of acetone are more accurate than those for ethanol mostly due to a better estimation of the trans ...
... finite element method (FEM). The simulation results for ethanol and acetone showed an average deviation of 15.6% and 2.5% with the experimental data, respectively. Simulation results for the extraction of acetone are more accurate than those for ethanol mostly due to a better estimation of the trans ...
Ąh = §.Φ© , - Solar Physics Group
... development of an X-type geometry similar to Petschek’s and also to fast magnetic reconnection. It has been recently recognized that these models and those collisional models using locally enhanced diffusivity produce fast reconnection for the same underlying reason: they break the frozen-flux law o ...
... development of an X-type geometry similar to Petschek’s and also to fast magnetic reconnection. It has been recently recognized that these models and those collisional models using locally enhanced diffusivity produce fast reconnection for the same underlying reason: they break the frozen-flux law o ...
2d_porous_media_flow
... Steady State as Initial Conditions The previous transient example assumed initial conditions were uniform, h=0. What if the initial conditions were actually the steady state conditions? Add new study, stationary. Set up conditions for ...
... Steady State as Initial Conditions The previous transient example assumed initial conditions were uniform, h=0. What if the initial conditions were actually the steady state conditions? Add new study, stationary. Set up conditions for ...
On the Origin of Cosmic Magnetic Fields
... It must be remarked that this choice of reviewing only the work on dynamos specifically in our Galaxy, is the choice of the authors and represents a certain bias on their part. Generally, reviews of galactic magnetic fields discuss the magnetic fields in a great variety of extragalactic systems. Thi ...
... It must be remarked that this choice of reviewing only the work on dynamos specifically in our Galaxy, is the choice of the authors and represents a certain bias on their part. Generally, reviews of galactic magnetic fields discuss the magnetic fields in a great variety of extragalactic systems. Thi ...
The Earliest Stages of Star and Planet Formation: Core Collapse
... braking catastrophe” and its possible resolutions (§ 3). Important processes to be discussed include non-ideal MHD effects (ambipolar diffusion, Ohmic dissipation and Hall effect), magnetic interchange instability in the inner part of protostellar accretion flow, turbulence, misalignment between the ...
... braking catastrophe” and its possible resolutions (§ 3). Important processes to be discussed include non-ideal MHD effects (ambipolar diffusion, Ohmic dissipation and Hall effect), magnetic interchange instability in the inner part of protostellar accretion flow, turbulence, misalignment between the ...
Lorentz force velocimetry
Lorentz force velocimetry (LFV) is a noncontact electromagnetic flow measurement technique. LFV is particularly suited for the measurement of velocities in liquid metals like steel or aluminium and is currently under development for metallurgical applications.The measurement of flow velocities in hot and aggressive liquids such as liquid aluminum and molten glass constitutes one of the grand challenges of industrial fluid mechanics. Apart from liquids, LFV can also be used to measure the velocity of solid materials as well as for detection of micro-defects in their structures.A Lorentz force velocimetry system is called Lorentz force flowmeter (LFF). A LFF measures the integrated or bulk Lorentz force resulting from the interaction between a liquid metal in motion and an applied magnetic field. In this case the characteristic length of the magnetic field is of the same order of magnitude as the dimensions of the channel. It must be addressed that in the case where localized magnetic fields are used, it is possible to perform local velocity measurements and thus the term Lorentz force velocimeter is used.