Plasma Diagnostics and Hydrodynamic Evolution of Solar Flares
... Firstly, I would like to acknowledge the Irish Research Council, the Fulbright Association and NASA’s Living With a Star Targeted Research and Technology Program for funding the research contained in this thesis. I would like to thank my supervisor, Prof. Peter Gallagher for giving me the opportunit ...
... Firstly, I would like to acknowledge the Irish Research Council, the Fulbright Association and NASA’s Living With a Star Targeted Research and Technology Program for funding the research contained in this thesis. I would like to thank my supervisor, Prof. Peter Gallagher for giving me the opportunit ...
Solar Flares: Magnetohydrodynamic Processes | SpringerLink
... Here we show a brief history about the naming of “CSHKP”. In the 1980s, this model was called the “Kopp–Pneuman model” in the United States. Shibata (1991) proposed to change the name from Kopp–Pneuman model to “SHKP model”, by respecting the pioneering works by Sturrock and Hirayama. Soon after, St ...
... Here we show a brief history about the naming of “CSHKP”. In the 1980s, this model was called the “Kopp–Pneuman model” in the United States. Shibata (1991) proposed to change the name from Kopp–Pneuman model to “SHKP model”, by respecting the pioneering works by Sturrock and Hirayama. Soon after, St ...
Magneto-thermal Disk Wind from Protoplanetary Disks
... In addition, most previous MHD wind studies, especially simulations, adopteded the conventional “cold MHD wind” scenario, which ignores the thermodynamics of the wind. (Notable exceptions are Casse & Ferreira 2000 and Tzeferacos et al. 2013). PPDs are quite different from most other types of accreti ...
... In addition, most previous MHD wind studies, especially simulations, adopteded the conventional “cold MHD wind” scenario, which ignores the thermodynamics of the wind. (Notable exceptions are Casse & Ferreira 2000 and Tzeferacos et al. 2013). PPDs are quite different from most other types of accreti ...
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... The solar atmosphere is full of dynamic phenomena. Solar flares, which are the most energetic explosive events in the solar system, are especially attractive because of their dynamic and beautiful appearance. They also stimulate our curiosity about the generation mechanism of such explosive events. ...
... The solar atmosphere is full of dynamic phenomena. Solar flares, which are the most energetic explosive events in the solar system, are especially attractive because of their dynamic and beautiful appearance. They also stimulate our curiosity about the generation mechanism of such explosive events. ...
Much of our original knowledge of interstellar dust comes from a
... For a plausible range of QUV and QIR, we'd expect Td = 70150 K. But this is not what is observed! If dust grains near NGC7023 are in thermal equilibrium with the surrounding interstellar radiation field, then the observations indicate Td >1000 K !! One possible explanation is that the observati ...
... For a plausible range of QUV and QIR, we'd expect Td = 70150 K. But this is not what is observed! If dust grains near NGC7023 are in thermal equilibrium with the surrounding interstellar radiation field, then the observations indicate Td >1000 K !! One possible explanation is that the observati ...
Morphotectonic features on Titan and their possible origin
... The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument on board Cassini spacecraft, indicates the possibility for morphotectonic features on Titan’s surface such as mountains, ridges, faults and canyons. The mechanisms that formed these morphotectonic structures are still unclear since ensuing processes, suc ...
... The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument on board Cassini spacecraft, indicates the possibility for morphotectonic features on Titan’s surface such as mountains, ridges, faults and canyons. The mechanisms that formed these morphotectonic structures are still unclear since ensuing processes, suc ...
SOHO`s Frequently Asked Questions
... It is also correct to say it is "green," too, because the Sun's peak wavelength (500 nanometers, or 5000 Angstroms) is in the green part of the visible spectrum. Watch this site for further resources regarding this debate. Further discussion can be found at the Stanford SOLAR Center: http://solar-ce ...
... It is also correct to say it is "green," too, because the Sun's peak wavelength (500 nanometers, or 5000 Angstroms) is in the green part of the visible spectrum. Watch this site for further resources regarding this debate. Further discussion can be found at the Stanford SOLAR Center: http://solar-ce ...
The Legacy of Galileo - Keck Institute for Space Studies
... should be bound to confess your opinion to be true.”7 This was the point, the philosopher and the theologian would have not agreed to change their views based on the experiment if the experimental evidence was against Aristotle’s teachings. The thinking of Galileo, like that of other great scientist ...
... should be bound to confess your opinion to be true.”7 This was the point, the philosopher and the theologian would have not agreed to change their views based on the experiment if the experimental evidence was against Aristotle’s teachings. The thinking of Galileo, like that of other great scientist ...
Plasmoid-induced-reconnection and fractal reconnection Kazunari Shibata and Syuniti Tanuma
... even larger energy release rate. This, in turn, accelerates the plasmoid again, eventually leading to a kind of nonlinear instability for the plasmoid ejection and the associated reconnection. Let us estimate the plasmoid velocity in this process, by assuming that the plasmoid is accelerated solely ...
... even larger energy release rate. This, in turn, accelerates the plasmoid again, eventually leading to a kind of nonlinear instability for the plasmoid ejection and the associated reconnection. Let us estimate the plasmoid velocity in this process, by assuming that the plasmoid is accelerated solely ...
larry w - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
... Abstract: Several photometric measurements of Venus made from the Pioneer Venus orbiter and probes indicate that solar near-ultraviolet radiation is being absorbed throughout much of the main cloud region, but little above the clouds or within the first one or two optical depths. Radiative transfer ...
... Abstract: Several photometric measurements of Venus made from the Pioneer Venus orbiter and probes indicate that solar near-ultraviolet radiation is being absorbed throughout much of the main cloud region, but little above the clouds or within the first one or two optical depths. Radiative transfer ...
Mercury Flyby 3 - Messenger - The Johns Hopkins University
... Determining the composition of Mercury’s surface is a major goal of the orbital mission, and the instruments focused on compositional measurements will get their third opportunity to observe Mercury during the flyby. The MASCS sensors, both UVVS and the Visible and Infrared Spectrograph (VIRS), will ...
... Determining the composition of Mercury’s surface is a major goal of the orbital mission, and the instruments focused on compositional measurements will get their third opportunity to observe Mercury during the flyby. The MASCS sensors, both UVVS and the Visible and Infrared Spectrograph (VIRS), will ...
On some properties of coronal mass ejections in solar cycle 23
... understood. Since the discovery of sunspots, their origin and formation with their cycle activity remains a mystery. In a similar way, physics of the recently discovered (compared to dates of sunspots’ discovery) solar activity phenomenon, viz; the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is yet to be understo ...
... understood. Since the discovery of sunspots, their origin and formation with their cycle activity remains a mystery. In a similar way, physics of the recently discovered (compared to dates of sunspots’ discovery) solar activity phenomenon, viz; the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is yet to be understo ...
Flare Observations
... the preflare phase the coronal plasma in the flare region slowly heats up and is visible in soft X-rays and EUV. A large number of energetic electrons (up to 1038 ) and ions (with similar total energy) is accelerated in the impulsive phase, when most of the energy is released. The appearance of hard ...
... the preflare phase the coronal plasma in the flare region slowly heats up and is visible in soft X-rays and EUV. A large number of energetic electrons (up to 1038 ) and ions (with similar total energy) is accelerated in the impulsive phase, when most of the energy is released. The appearance of hard ...
MERCURY In-flight calibration of the PHEBUS UV instrument and
... A unique feature of Mercury’s space environment is its strongly coupled surfaceexosphere-magnetosphere-solar wind system, which can be remotely monitored by space missions such as Mariner 10, MESSENGER and soon BepiColombo and by ground-based observatories. Mercury’s exosphere is a very complex medi ...
... A unique feature of Mercury’s space environment is its strongly coupled surfaceexosphere-magnetosphere-solar wind system, which can be remotely monitored by space missions such as Mariner 10, MESSENGER and soon BepiColombo and by ground-based observatories. Mercury’s exosphere is a very complex medi ...
Tracing the Evolution and Impact of the Stellar Winds
... layout is one of the unique flavors of the echelle spectroscopy technique that is necessitated by the peculiarity of its diffraction grating. A diffraction grating diffracts different wavelengths of light in particular directions, and one of its defining characteristics is the spacing between the sl ...
... layout is one of the unique flavors of the echelle spectroscopy technique that is necessitated by the peculiarity of its diffraction grating. A diffraction grating diffracts different wavelengths of light in particular directions, and one of its defining characteristics is the spacing between the sl ...
ultraviolet radiation in the solar system
... window is always followed by an increase in knowledge of the subject concerned. This is also the case with the subject of this book, ultraviolet radiation (hereafter UV). In principle, the ultraviolet range might be just one more of these windows, of no particular importance. However, the energy per ...
... window is always followed by an increase in knowledge of the subject concerned. This is also the case with the subject of this book, ultraviolet radiation (hereafter UV). In principle, the ultraviolet range might be just one more of these windows, of no particular importance. However, the energy per ...
Solar Math - GLORIA Project
... (3-5) - Quantities and shapes can be used to describe objects and events in the world around us. 2C/E1 --- Mathematics is the study of quantity and shape and is useful for describing events and solving practical problems. 2A/E1 (6-8) Mathematicians often represent things with abstract ideas, such as ...
... (3-5) - Quantities and shapes can be used to describe objects and events in the world around us. 2C/E1 --- Mathematics is the study of quantity and shape and is useful for describing events and solving practical problems. 2A/E1 (6-8) Mathematicians often represent things with abstract ideas, such as ...
Chapter 12. Noble Gas Isotope Geochemistry
... are also produced by nuclear reactions on Li such as 6Li(n,α)3He with neutrons produced by α reactions with O, Mg, and Si. Small amounts of He are also generated by cosmic-ray interactions (including 3He produced by decay of cosmogenic 3H), as we found in section 4.1.4, but this “cosmogenic” He is a ...
... are also produced by nuclear reactions on Li such as 6Li(n,α)3He with neutrons produced by α reactions with O, Mg, and Si. Small amounts of He are also generated by cosmic-ray interactions (including 3He produced by decay of cosmogenic 3H), as we found in section 4.1.4, but this “cosmogenic” He is a ...
EOS Experts Guide - by topic and by name
... Brief biographies of scientists from the three EOS centers — the Earth Systems Research Center, Ocean Process Analysis Laboratory, and the Space Science Center — provide areas of specialty, research interests, credentials, and contact information. Experts can also be found by means of an alphabetica ...
... Brief biographies of scientists from the three EOS centers — the Earth Systems Research Center, Ocean Process Analysis Laboratory, and the Space Science Center — provide areas of specialty, research interests, credentials, and contact information. Experts can also be found by means of an alphabetica ...
Mercury`s sodium exosphere - OpenBU
... ballistic trajectories guided by gravity and solar radiation pressure, i.e., an exosphere with a surface boundary. The highest energy component of sodium in Mercury’s exosphere forms a comet-like tail escaping the planet due to acceleration by radiation pressure (Potter et al., 2002). Sodium D-line ...
... ballistic trajectories guided by gravity and solar radiation pressure, i.e., an exosphere with a surface boundary. The highest energy component of sodium in Mercury’s exosphere forms a comet-like tail escaping the planet due to acceleration by radiation pressure (Potter et al., 2002). Sodium D-line ...
Infrared Solar Physics - National Optical Astronomy Observatory
... many years to address critical science questions in that field. The spatial resolution, flux and background problems are even more extreme at night than they are for observations of the Sun. Infrared detector and instrument technology is clearly robust, and the scientific advantages are important. S ...
... many years to address critical science questions in that field. The spatial resolution, flux and background problems are even more extreme at night than they are for observations of the Sun. Infrared detector and instrument technology is clearly robust, and the scientific advantages are important. S ...
- Repository of the Academy`s Library
... (gas plus magnetic) pressure, and with the plasma inertia, caused by the frozen-in condition (perpendicular motions of the plasma lead to the change of the magnetic field geometry, and the other way around). MHD waves have been intensively studied in the Earth’s magnetosphere for several decades. In ...
... (gas plus magnetic) pressure, and with the plasma inertia, caused by the frozen-in condition (perpendicular motions of the plasma lead to the change of the magnetic field geometry, and the other way around). MHD waves have been intensively studied in the Earth’s magnetosphere for several decades. In ...
Planet X, Comets and Earth Changes
... an ongoing basis. He pointed to the planet Venus, the Jovian moon Io, the Saturnian moon Titan and the small planet Pluto (which supports an atmosphere even though it is so distant from the warmth of the Sun and has insufficient gravity to hold an atmosphere for long) as being obvious new members of ...
... an ongoing basis. He pointed to the planet Venus, the Jovian moon Io, the Saturnian moon Titan and the small planet Pluto (which supports an atmosphere even though it is so distant from the warmth of the Sun and has insufficient gravity to hold an atmosphere for long) as being obvious new members of ...
NASA SBIR 2015 Phase I Solicitation Science
... The output power of the laser transmitters should be continuously adjusted according to the spacecraft altitude. The receiver should have single photon sensitivity to achieve a near-quantum limited performance for long distance measurement. The receiver integration time can be continuously adjusted ...
... The output power of the laser transmitters should be continuously adjusted according to the spacecraft altitude. The receiver should have single photon sensitivity to achieve a near-quantum limited performance for long distance measurement. The receiver integration time can be continuously adjusted ...
Clumpy wind accretion in supergiant neutron star high mass X
... 2010; Bodaghee et al. 2010; Romano et al. 2013, 2014b). The spectroscopic properties of the SFXT X-ray emission is typical of wind accreting NS systems, and can be usually described by using a power-law model with a cut-off around 10-30 keV (see, e.g., Romano et al. 2008; Sidoli et al. 2009; Romano ...
... 2010; Bodaghee et al. 2010; Romano et al. 2013, 2014b). The spectroscopic properties of the SFXT X-ray emission is typical of wind accreting NS systems, and can be usually described by using a power-law model with a cut-off around 10-30 keV (see, e.g., Romano et al. 2008; Sidoli et al. 2009; Romano ...
Energetic neutral atom
Energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging, often described as ""seeing with atoms"", is a technology used to create global images of otherwise invisible phenomena in the magnetospheres of planets and throughout the heliosphere, even to its outer boundary.This constitutes the far-flung edge of the solar system.The solar wind consists of ripped-apart atoms (called plasma) flying out of the Sun. This is mostly hydrogen, that is, bare electrons and protons, with a little bit of other kinds of nuclei, mostly helium. The space between solar systems is similar, but they come from other stars in our galaxy. These charged particles can be redirected by magnetic fields; for instance, Earth's magnetic field shields us from these particles. But, every so often, a few of them steal electrons from neutral atoms they run into. At that point, they become neutral, although they're still moving very fast, and they travel in an exact straight line. These are called Energetic Neutral Atoms. ENA images are constructed from the detection of these energetic neutral atoms.Earth's magnetosphere preserves Earth's atmosphere and protects us from cell-damaging radiation. This region of ""space weather"" is the site of geomagnetic storms that disrupt communications systems and pose radiation hazards to humans traveling at high polar altitudes or in orbiting spacecraft. A deeper understanding of this region is vitally important. Geomagnetic weather systems have been late to benefit from the satellite imagery taken for granted in weather forecasting, and space physics because their origins in magnetospheric plasmas present the added problem of invisibility.The heliosphere protects the entire Solar System from the majority of cosmic rays but is so remote that only an imaging technique such as ENA imaging will reveal its properties. The heliosphere's structure is due to the invisible interaction between the solar wind and cold gas from the local interstellar medium.The creation of ENAs by space plasmas was predicted but their discovery was both deliberate and serendipitous. While some early efforts were made at detection, their signatures also explained inconsistent findings by ion detectors in regions of expected low ion populations. Ion detectors were co-opted for further ENA detection experiments in other low-ion regions. However, the development of dedicated ENA detectors entailed overcoming significant obstacles in both skepticism and technology.Although ENAs were observed in space from the 1960s through 1980s, the first dedicated ENA camera was not flown until 1995 on the Swedish Astrid-1 satellite, to study Earth's magnetosphere.Today, dedicated ENA instruments have provided detailed magnetospheric images from Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Cassini's ENA images of Saturn revealed a unique magnetosphere with complex interactions that have yet to be fully explained. The IMAGE mission's three dedicated ENA cameras observed Earth's magnetosphere from 2000–2005 while the TWINS Mission, launched in 2008, provides stereo ENA imaging of Earth's magnetosphere using simultaneous imaging from two satellites.The first ever images of the heliospheric boundary, published in October 2009, were made by the ENA instruments aboard the IBEX and Cassini spacecraft. These images are very exciting because they challenge existing theories about the region.