Changes in Measures against Infectious Diseases in Japan and
... designated infectious disease after the pathogen has been identified.12) 3. Restructuring of the medical care system Under the Communicable Diseases Prevention Law, municipal governments have prepared about 10,000 beds nationwide (as of 1996) for legally mandated hospitalization of patients with inf ...
... designated infectious disease after the pathogen has been identified.12) 3. Restructuring of the medical care system Under the Communicable Diseases Prevention Law, municipal governments have prepared about 10,000 beds nationwide (as of 1996) for legally mandated hospitalization of patients with inf ...
Republic of Latvia Cabinet Regulation No. 618 Adopted 6 July 2010
... III. Procedures for the Provision of Prophylactic Disinfection, Disinsectisation and Deratisation Services in an Object or Territory 17. Prophylactic disinfection, disinsectisation and deratisation services in an object or territory shall be performed by a specially trained employee – disinfector wh ...
... III. Procedures for the Provision of Prophylactic Disinfection, Disinsectisation and Deratisation Services in an Object or Territory 17. Prophylactic disinfection, disinsectisation and deratisation services in an object or territory shall be performed by a specially trained employee – disinfector wh ...
Calf diagnosis and Disease Prevention
... 3) Limit stress. Stress inhibits the immune system of calves. Factors such as transportation, sudden feed changes, poor ventilation, crowding, temperature fluctuations and drafts can all impact the disease resistance of calves. Adequate planning, scheduling and management of farm personnel and ongo ...
... 3) Limit stress. Stress inhibits the immune system of calves. Factors such as transportation, sudden feed changes, poor ventilation, crowding, temperature fluctuations and drafts can all impact the disease resistance of calves. Adequate planning, scheduling and management of farm personnel and ongo ...
risk analysis - Ministry for Primary Industries
... included all disease agents exotic to New Zealand, organisms that occur in New Zealand for which there are known sub-species or strains or host associations that do not occur in New Zealand, and are potentially harmful, and organisms that occur in New Zealand but for which an eradication programme a ...
... included all disease agents exotic to New Zealand, organisms that occur in New Zealand for which there are known sub-species or strains or host associations that do not occur in New Zealand, and are potentially harmful, and organisms that occur in New Zealand but for which an eradication programme a ...
prospectives and necessity of eradication of infectious bovine
... categories, i.e., calves and bull calves. Some animals that survive the acute form of the disease manifest apparent developmental defects as a consequence of severe injury of respiratory organs, especially lungs. In adult animals, that is, cows and in-calf heifers, in addition to respiratory syndrom ...
... categories, i.e., calves and bull calves. Some animals that survive the acute form of the disease manifest apparent developmental defects as a consequence of severe injury of respiratory organs, especially lungs. In adult animals, that is, cows and in-calf heifers, in addition to respiratory syndrom ...
Import Risk Analysis Imported Seropositive Animals
... an animal which is serologically positive is likely to be harbouring the particular disease agent. Other matters which may also be considered include whether the seropositive animal is likely to be shedding the agent, and whether the introduction of the agent in an imported animal can be expected to ...
... an animal which is serologically positive is likely to be harbouring the particular disease agent. Other matters which may also be considered include whether the seropositive animal is likely to be shedding the agent, and whether the introduction of the agent in an imported animal can be expected to ...
Genetic susceptibility to infectious disease in East African Shorthorn
... inbreeding depression [4]. Inbreeding may be detrimental to fitness if: (i) fitness related traits are overdominant, such that the heterozygous genotype results in greater fitness than either homozygote, or (ii) there are recessive alleles present in the population that result in lower fitness [5]. ...
... inbreeding depression [4]. Inbreeding may be detrimental to fitness if: (i) fitness related traits are overdominant, such that the heterozygous genotype results in greater fitness than either homozygote, or (ii) there are recessive alleles present in the population that result in lower fitness [5]. ...
Francisella tularensis: an Overview
... warlike conditions— or natural disasEnlarged lymph node in a tularemia patient. (Photo provided by Arne Tarnvik, University ters—that disrupt the normal hygiene of Umea, Sweden.) and sanitary conditions of a society. In the United States, health officials recorded 2,291 cases of tularemia in 1939, w ...
... warlike conditions— or natural disasEnlarged lymph node in a tularemia patient. (Photo provided by Arne Tarnvik, University ters—that disrupt the normal hygiene of Umea, Sweden.) and sanitary conditions of a society. In the United States, health officials recorded 2,291 cases of tularemia in 1939, w ...
Toxoplasma gondii - Food Standards Australia New Zealand
... lymph nodes, lethargy and headache (Abu-Madi et al. 2010; ESR 2010). Enlarged lymph nodes are the most commonly observed clinical manifestation of human toxoplasmosis (Hill and Dubey 2002). The onset of illness is 3–25 days (mean of 11 days) (Hill et al. 2007; Ayi et al. 2009; ESR 2010). Toxoplasmic ...
... lymph nodes, lethargy and headache (Abu-Madi et al. 2010; ESR 2010). Enlarged lymph nodes are the most commonly observed clinical manifestation of human toxoplasmosis (Hill and Dubey 2002). The onset of illness is 3–25 days (mean of 11 days) (Hill et al. 2007; Ayi et al. 2009; ESR 2010). Toxoplasmic ...
Comparative pathologic, immunologic and clinical responses
... A thorough review of the literature concerning the mucosal diseaseviral diarrhea complex was made by Trapp (i960). The literature review for this study will be primarily confined to those articles dealing with the characteristics of the various agents that have been isolated from field cases of the ...
... A thorough review of the literature concerning the mucosal diseaseviral diarrhea complex was made by Trapp (i960). The literature review for this study will be primarily confined to those articles dealing with the characteristics of the various agents that have been isolated from field cases of the ...
Early efforts in modeling the incubation period of infectious diseases
... The incubation period of infectious diseases, the time from infection with a microorganism to onset of disease, is directly relevant to prevention and control. Since explicit models of the incubation period enhance our understanding of the spread of disease, previous classic studies were revisited, ...
... The incubation period of infectious diseases, the time from infection with a microorganism to onset of disease, is directly relevant to prevention and control. Since explicit models of the incubation period enhance our understanding of the spread of disease, previous classic studies were revisited, ...
Use of antimicrobial agents in livestock
... antimicrobial agents. However, risk factors for the major diseases of livestock are well known (see reference materials on infectious diseases described in the introduction) and the global trend towards intensification has the potential to increase the need for and costeffectiveness of antimicrobial ...
... antimicrobial agents. However, risk factors for the major diseases of livestock are well known (see reference materials on infectious diseases described in the introduction) and the global trend towards intensification has the potential to increase the need for and costeffectiveness of antimicrobial ...
Communicable Disease Control Manual, Chapter 1
... resuscitating, or closely examining the oropharynx). In those situations there is the possibility that the health care worker’s nose or mouth has been directly contaminated with oral or nasal secretions from the case of invasive meningococcal disease or with the purulent discharge from the eye of a ...
... resuscitating, or closely examining the oropharynx). In those situations there is the possibility that the health care worker’s nose or mouth has been directly contaminated with oral or nasal secretions from the case of invasive meningococcal disease or with the purulent discharge from the eye of a ...
Infection Control Guidelines Classic CJD in Canada Quick
... as high-infectivity tissues. Dental pulp has been moved from low-infectivity to no detected infectivity based on recent experiments that did not detect the abnormal prion protein in dental pulp of patients with human TSEs. Serous exudates have been removed. ...
... as high-infectivity tissues. Dental pulp has been moved from low-infectivity to no detected infectivity based on recent experiments that did not detect the abnormal prion protein in dental pulp of patients with human TSEs. Serous exudates have been removed. ...
The new global map of human brucellosis
... prevalent in Peru and west Argentina, and B abortus in east Argentina37,38 and other South American countries. Data from the OIE imply that brucellosis is still important in Peru and Argentina.8 There are no data available for Brazil, which hosts the largest commercial cattle population in the world ...
... prevalent in Peru and west Argentina, and B abortus in east Argentina37,38 and other South American countries. Data from the OIE imply that brucellosis is still important in Peru and Argentina.8 There are no data available for Brazil, which hosts the largest commercial cattle population in the world ...
Sedecal_descargas_17
... Ozone is an effective adjunct to high-pH therapy and other treatment methods of the Life Science Universal (LSU) modalities for these conditions. Ozone is a valuable adjunct for the treatment of Equine Sarcoids (generally in younger horses) and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (most frequently in older horse ...
... Ozone is an effective adjunct to high-pH therapy and other treatment methods of the Life Science Universal (LSU) modalities for these conditions. Ozone is a valuable adjunct for the treatment of Equine Sarcoids (generally in younger horses) and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (most frequently in older horse ...
article in press
... are to date recognised as IBR-free. European Commissionapproved eradication programmes are ongoing in some countries and regions to which the additional guarantees for IBR apply (2011/674/EU). In addition to negative influences on animal health, IBR has become a limiting factor in livestock trade (64 ...
... are to date recognised as IBR-free. European Commissionapproved eradication programmes are ongoing in some countries and regions to which the additional guarantees for IBR apply (2011/674/EU). In addition to negative influences on animal health, IBR has become a limiting factor in livestock trade (64 ...
brucellosis and suspected paratuberculosis in a nubian ibex
... ibex were taken. No serological evidence of Brucella sp. was found using RBT. The goat farm under investigation had a history of abortion and 14% of goats were serologically positive for brucellosis using the RBT. It is possible that infected goats transmitted the disease to the ibex though the mech ...
... ibex were taken. No serological evidence of Brucella sp. was found using RBT. The goat farm under investigation had a history of abortion and 14% of goats were serologically positive for brucellosis using the RBT. It is possible that infected goats transmitted the disease to the ibex though the mech ...
A literature review and investigation of staphylococcal necrotic
... coronary junction appeared to be traumatic rather than infectious but are included for the sake of completeness. The vulvar lesions recorded did not appear to be contemporaneous with the facial lesions in that they were all chronic, scarred lesions that may have been caused by ticks in previous seas ...
... coronary junction appeared to be traumatic rather than infectious but are included for the sake of completeness. The vulvar lesions recorded did not appear to be contemporaneous with the facial lesions in that they were all chronic, scarred lesions that may have been caused by ticks in previous seas ...
State of Infectious Diseases in the Netherlands, 2015
... effectiveness of vaccination programmes, for instance. By combining and analysing surveillance data from the many data sources available, insight into the epidemiology of infectious diseases is enhanced. In this edition, the disease burden has been re-estimated for 35 infectious diseases in the Neth ...
... effectiveness of vaccination programmes, for instance. By combining and analysing surveillance data from the many data sources available, insight into the epidemiology of infectious diseases is enhanced. In this edition, the disease burden has been re-estimated for 35 infectious diseases in the Neth ...
Toxoplasma gondii - Food Standards Australia New Zealand
... Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common parasitic zoonoses worldwide. It is estimated that around a third of the world’s population have the parasite, with the majority of cases being asymptomatic (Pereira et al. 2010; Innes 2010). Despite a large proportion of the population being seropositive for ...
... Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common parasitic zoonoses worldwide. It is estimated that around a third of the world’s population have the parasite, with the majority of cases being asymptomatic (Pereira et al. 2010; Innes 2010). Despite a large proportion of the population being seropositive for ...
Surveillance of work-related infectious diseases
... such notifications were received. Most frequently reported are whooping cough, legionella, mumps and malaria. In the NCvB's registration system for occupational diseases, 141 new cases of employees with a work-related infectious disease were reported in 2011. This is higher than in 2010, when 89 suc ...
... such notifications were received. Most frequently reported are whooping cough, legionella, mumps and malaria. In the NCvB's registration system for occupational diseases, 141 new cases of employees with a work-related infectious disease were reported in 2011. This is higher than in 2010, when 89 suc ...
Research Project Final Report
... Identify potential protective antigens. We could show that cattle infected with M. bovis (spoligotype 9) and then treated with isoniazid (INH) harbour minimal or no pathology compared to untreated animals, yet still presented with strong cellular immune responses (IFN-, DTH). In addition, INH-tre ...
... Identify potential protective antigens. We could show that cattle infected with M. bovis (spoligotype 9) and then treated with isoniazid (INH) harbour minimal or no pathology compared to untreated animals, yet still presented with strong cellular immune responses (IFN-, DTH). In addition, INH-tre ...
IV. Risk assessment of main infectious diseases
... the top priority by the Ministry of Health, at the same time efforts were centered on treating the injured victims in the affected areas. The Ministry of Health has transferred over 5000 public health workers and health inspection professionals from 30 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) ...
... the top priority by the Ministry of Health, at the same time efforts were centered on treating the injured victims in the affected areas. The Ministry of Health has transferred over 5000 public health workers and health inspection professionals from 30 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) ...
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease (encephalopathy) in cattle that causes a spongy degeneration in the brain and spinal cord. BSE has a long incubation period, about 2.5 to 8 years, usually affecting adult cattle at a peak age onset of four to five years, all breeds being equally susceptible. BSE is caused by a misfolded protein--a prion. In the United Kingdom, the country worst affected, more than 180,000 cattle have been infected and 4.4 million slaughtered during the eradication program.The disease may be most easily transmitted to human beings by eating food contaminated with the brain, spinal cord or digestive tract of infected carcasses. However, the infectious agent, although most highly concentrated in nervous tissue, can be found in virtually all tissues throughout the body, including blood. In humans, it is known as new variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD or nvCJD), and by June 2014 it had killed 177 people in the United Kingdom, and 52 elsewhere. Between 460,000 and 482,000 BSE-infected animals had entered the human food chain before controls on high-risk offal were introduced in 1989.A British and Irish inquiry into BSE concluded the epizootic was caused by cattle, which are normally herbivores, being fed the remains of other cattle in the form of meat and bone meal (MBM), which caused the infectious agent to spread. The cause of BSE may be from the contamination of MBM from sheep with scrapie that were processed in the same slaughterhouse. The epidemic was probably accelerated by the recycling of infected bovine tissues prior to the recognition of BSE. The origin of the disease itself remains unknown. The infectious agent is distinctive for the high temperatures at which it remains viable, over 600 °C (about 1100 °F). This contributed to the spread of the disease in the United Kingdom, which had reduced the temperatures used during its rendering process. Another contributory factor was the feeding of infected protein supplements to very young calves.