Investigations of the auroral luminosity distribution and the dynamics
... beginning with the first “maps of isochasms” – lines of equal visibility of auroras in the firmament (Fig. 2) – up to “isoaurora maps” – lines of equal occurrence frequency of auroras in the zenith (Fig. 4). The exploration of auroras in Russia from Lomonosov in the 18th century (Fig. 1) until the s ...
... beginning with the first “maps of isochasms” – lines of equal visibility of auroras in the firmament (Fig. 2) – up to “isoaurora maps” – lines of equal occurrence frequency of auroras in the zenith (Fig. 4). The exploration of auroras in Russia from Lomonosov in the 18th century (Fig. 1) until the s ...
Transport Properties of intense Ion Beam Pulse Propagation for High Energy Density Physics and Inertial Confinement Fusion Application
... matched to a periodic focusing lattice, a numerical scheme is developed that allows for the quiescent formation of a matched beam distribution. Also, the problem of controlling the transverse beam envelope by variations in the lattice amplitude is addressed, and a detailed quantitative analysis of t ...
... matched to a periodic focusing lattice, a numerical scheme is developed that allows for the quiescent formation of a matched beam distribution. Also, the problem of controlling the transverse beam envelope by variations in the lattice amplitude is addressed, and a detailed quantitative analysis of t ...
A cold strontium Rydberg gas - AtMol Home
... Abstract Rydberg atoms have come under intense study in recent years due to their exaggerated properties as compared to atoms in the ground state. This thesis describes the design and construction ofthe world’s first cold strontium Rydberg gas experiment. We have studied a wide range of Rydberg stat ...
... Abstract Rydberg atoms have come under intense study in recent years due to their exaggerated properties as compared to atoms in the ground state. This thesis describes the design and construction ofthe world’s first cold strontium Rydberg gas experiment. We have studied a wide range of Rydberg stat ...
Investigation of physical and chemical interactions during
... operation inside an industrial MERIE CCP reactor typically used for etching high aspect ratio features for DRAM applications. The final goal of this work was to investigate the utilization of the dual frequency concept as well as the impact on discharge properties and finally on etching at relevant ...
... operation inside an industrial MERIE CCP reactor typically used for etching high aspect ratio features for DRAM applications. The final goal of this work was to investigate the utilization of the dual frequency concept as well as the impact on discharge properties and finally on etching at relevant ...
A Review of the 0.1 Reconnection Rate Problem
... is near 0.1 when normalized to a properly defined reconnecting magnetic field and Alfvén speed. That this is the case has been known for many years, but developing a theoretical understanding of why has been extremely challenging. If we already know the typical rate, why is it important to solve th ...
... is near 0.1 when normalized to a properly defined reconnecting magnetic field and Alfvén speed. That this is the case has been known for many years, but developing a theoretical understanding of why has been extremely challenging. If we already know the typical rate, why is it important to solve th ...
USING STANDARD SYSTE - UW Madison Plasma Physics
... universality of shear suppression in plasmas and the dynamical similarities between plasmas and ordinary nonionized fluids strongly suggest that shear suppression should occur in nonionized fluids and in other types of dynamic media. Section VIII provides a few examples that have been examined to da ...
... universality of shear suppression in plasmas and the dynamical similarities between plasmas and ordinary nonionized fluids strongly suggest that shear suppression should occur in nonionized fluids and in other types of dynamic media. Section VIII provides a few examples that have been examined to da ...
PARKER WORKSHOP ON MAGNETIC RECONNNECTION
... Workshop Trip On wednesday 19 (local holiday) there will be a tour for the participants of the Workshop to a near beach (Ubatuba). The tour will depart Ibis hotel at 08:30 hr and return by 19:00 hr. At the beach there will be an optional ship cruse around some islands near Ubatuba, with a duration o ...
... Workshop Trip On wednesday 19 (local holiday) there will be a tour for the participants of the Workshop to a near beach (Ubatuba). The tour will depart Ibis hotel at 08:30 hr and return by 19:00 hr. At the beach there will be an optional ship cruse around some islands near Ubatuba, with a duration o ...
Extreme ionization of Xe clusters driven by ultraintense laser fields
... The energetics and dynamics of the energetic electrons and of the multicharged ions in Xen clusters 共n = 2 – 2171 and initial cluster radii R0 = 2.16– 31.0 Å兲 were obtained from classical MD simulations for clusters driven by the ultraintense laser field.21,29 In our simulations we have used initial ...
... The energetics and dynamics of the energetic electrons and of the multicharged ions in Xen clusters 共n = 2 – 2171 and initial cluster radii R0 = 2.16– 31.0 Å兲 were obtained from classical MD simulations for clusters driven by the ultraintense laser field.21,29 In our simulations we have used initial ...
Manipulation of positron plasma using the AE CERN
... general relativity cannot explain this asymmetry. Therefore, it is essential to know more about antimatter in order to understand the processes that were undergone during the first few moments after the big bang. However, as antimatter easily annihilate as it comes in contact with regular matter, th ...
... general relativity cannot explain this asymmetry. Therefore, it is essential to know more about antimatter in order to understand the processes that were undergone during the first few moments after the big bang. However, as antimatter easily annihilate as it comes in contact with regular matter, th ...
Coded Aperture Imaging of Nuclear Fusion In The Plasma Focus
... experiments, two larger coded masks: mask-1345 (91×15 array and 341 holes each 0.3 mm side) and mask-4680 (104×45 arrays and 585 holes each 0.27 mm side) were placed at 90° to the plasma focus axis to investigate the fusion source in pure deuterium and deuterium-krypton admixture working gases. The ...
... experiments, two larger coded masks: mask-1345 (91×15 array and 341 holes each 0.3 mm side) and mask-4680 (104×45 arrays and 585 holes each 0.27 mm side) were placed at 90° to the plasma focus axis to investigate the fusion source in pure deuterium and deuterium-krypton admixture working gases. The ...
Structure and Dynamics of the Magnetopause and Its Boundary Layers Hiroshi Hasegawa
... which do not have a well-defined outer boundary, magnetospheres generally have a sharp outer boundary called the magnetopause. This is because matter surrounding the magnetospheres is usually highly ionized and extremely weakly collisional, i.e., the diffusion of electrically-charged, noncollisional ...
... which do not have a well-defined outer boundary, magnetospheres generally have a sharp outer boundary called the magnetopause. This is because matter surrounding the magnetospheres is usually highly ionized and extremely weakly collisional, i.e., the diffusion of electrically-charged, noncollisional ...
velocity of decameter electrojet irregularities under strongly driven
... The Earth ionosphere is a highly inhomogeneous medium containing electron density irregularities of various scales, from hundreds of kilometers to tens of centimeters. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for their formation is an important task for various practical applications such as communi ...
... The Earth ionosphere is a highly inhomogeneous medium containing electron density irregularities of various scales, from hundreds of kilometers to tens of centimeters. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for their formation is an important task for various practical applications such as communi ...
The Dynamics of Near-Surface Dust on Airless Bodies
... radically through a particle’s trajectory. Additionally, asteroids have highly non-spherical shapes, thus variations in the bodys gravity may significantly influence the trajectory of a given particle. For the case of a spherical asteroid, it can be seen that the time variation of the plasma environ ...
... radically through a particle’s trajectory. Additionally, asteroids have highly non-spherical shapes, thus variations in the bodys gravity may significantly influence the trajectory of a given particle. For the case of a spherical asteroid, it can be seen that the time variation of the plasma environ ...
NONLINEAR STABILITY OF FLUID AND PLASMA EQUILIBRIA
... (MFP), the Poisson—Vlasov, and Maxwell—Vlasov equations. In section 2 we start by explaining the general procedure we shall employ for proving stability. To illustrate this procedure, we present in section 3 four known examples: the free rigid body, the Lagrange top (see also Holm et al. [1984]), tw ...
... (MFP), the Poisson—Vlasov, and Maxwell—Vlasov equations. In section 2 we start by explaining the general procedure we shall employ for proving stability. To illustrate this procedure, we present in section 3 four known examples: the free rigid body, the Lagrange top (see also Holm et al. [1984]), tw ...
A two-fluid helicity transport model for flux
... flows or in helical magnetic fields. The model provides a more fundamental constraint for the dynamics of plasmas than simple magnetic helicity conservation, which is only relevant to quasi-static systems. The model retrieves all previous results for static ideal MHD plasmas [3, 5, 6, 14] and ordina ...
... flows or in helical magnetic fields. The model provides a more fundamental constraint for the dynamics of plasmas than simple magnetic helicity conservation, which is only relevant to quasi-static systems. The model retrieves all previous results for static ideal MHD plasmas [3, 5, 6, 14] and ordina ...
Plasma Oscillations and Operational Modes in Hall Effect Thrusters
... The support from the NSTRF has allowed me to focus on my research and develop a close collaboration with NASA centers. I have worked tirelessly to achieve the program’s goals, which I wholly believe in, to “provide the nation with a pipeline of highly skilled engineers and technologists to improve A ...
... The support from the NSTRF has allowed me to focus on my research and develop a close collaboration with NASA centers. I have worked tirelessly to achieve the program’s goals, which I wholly believe in, to “provide the nation with a pipeline of highly skilled engineers and technologists to improve A ...
Defining and resolving current systems in geospace
... 1991; Birmingham, 1992; Cheng, 1992; Heinemann et al., ...
... 1991; Birmingham, 1992; Cheng, 1992; Heinemann et al., ...
Scientific Report - Durham University Community
... The question of the role of the electron correlations in the dynamics of the highly non-linear response of polyelectronic species, when submitted to an ultra-intense and ultrashort laser pulse, has been identified as a priority. From the side of theory, simulating multiple ionisation yields and phot ...
... The question of the role of the electron correlations in the dynamics of the highly non-linear response of polyelectronic species, when submitted to an ultra-intense and ultrashort laser pulse, has been identified as a priority. From the side of theory, simulating multiple ionisation yields and phot ...
An introduction to magnetic reconnection
... Reconnection rates of the order of MAe = 0.1 yield time scales for global energy reconnection: release and magnetic reconfiguration that consistent with those seen in solar lim (⇥ 1/ are ln(S)) S⇥⇤ flares and magnetospheric substorms (Miller et al., 1997). In this respect Petschek’s model was a sign ...
... Reconnection rates of the order of MAe = 0.1 yield time scales for global energy reconnection: release and magnetic reconfiguration that consistent with those seen in solar lim (⇥ 1/ are ln(S)) S⇥⇤ flares and magnetospheric substorms (Miller et al., 1997). In this respect Petschek’s model was a sign ...
Foundations of nonlinear gyrokinetic theory - Academics
... aspects of the nonlinear dynamics involved in the evolution toward such a saturated state that often exhibits self-organized large-scale motion and are not yet well understood. It is important to note that many plasmas of interest in magnetic fusion and in astrophysics are “collisionless” on the par ...
... aspects of the nonlinear dynamics involved in the evolution toward such a saturated state that often exhibits self-organized large-scale motion and are not yet well understood. It is important to note that many plasmas of interest in magnetic fusion and in astrophysics are “collisionless” on the par ...
Ion Distribution in the Foreshock
... Figure 1.1: A schematical picture of Earth’s bow shock and magnetosphere. As the solar wind plasma encounters the terrestrial magnetosphere a shock wave is generated. At the shock the solar wind is decelerated to subsonic velocity. The plasma is heated and compressed, while the magnetic field magni ...
... Figure 1.1: A schematical picture of Earth’s bow shock and magnetosphere. As the solar wind plasma encounters the terrestrial magnetosphere a shock wave is generated. At the shock the solar wind is decelerated to subsonic velocity. The plasma is heated and compressed, while the magnetic field magni ...
Near-surface Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond The Harvard
... championed as a promising solid-state artificial atom. NV center properties such as its bright luminescence, room-temperature optical readout of spin states, and long spin decoherence lifetime make it an excellent system for applications in quantum information processing, high sensitivity magnetomet ...
... championed as a promising solid-state artificial atom. NV center properties such as its bright luminescence, room-temperature optical readout of spin states, and long spin decoherence lifetime make it an excellent system for applications in quantum information processing, high sensitivity magnetomet ...
beam property characterization by means of three
... nuclear fusion on earth. It consists of a fusion reactor based on the tokamak concept of magnetic confinement of plasmas; in order to reach the temperature required for the occurrence of thermonuclear reactions, external heating systems are required, like a Neutral Beam Injector (NBI). The neutral b ...
... nuclear fusion on earth. It consists of a fusion reactor based on the tokamak concept of magnetic confinement of plasmas; in order to reach the temperature required for the occurrence of thermonuclear reactions, external heating systems are required, like a Neutral Beam Injector (NBI). The neutral b ...
view Fossum`s PhD Dissertation
... A Hall thruster, an E × B device used for in-space propulsion, utilizes an axial electric field to electrostatically accelerate plasma propellant from the spacecraft. The axial electric field is created by positively biasing the anode so that the positivelycharged ions may be accelerated (repelled) ...
... A Hall thruster, an E × B device used for in-space propulsion, utilizes an axial electric field to electrostatically accelerate plasma propellant from the spacecraft. The axial electric field is created by positively biasing the anode so that the positivelycharged ions may be accelerated (repelled) ...
Plasma (physics)
Plasma (from Greek πλάσμα, ""anything formed"") is one of the four fundamental states of matter, the others being solid, liquid, and gas. A plasma has properties unlike those of the other states.A plasma can be created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or microwave generator. This decreases or increases the number of electrons, creating positive or negative charged particles called ions, and is accompanied by the dissociation of molecular bonds, if present.The presence of a significant number of charge carriers makes plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container. Unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers.Plasma is the most abundant form of ordinary matter in the Universe (the only matter known to exist for sure, the more abundant dark matter is hypothetical and may or may not be explained by ordinary matter), most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic regions, particularly the intracluster medium, and in stars, including the Sun. A common form of plasmas on Earth is seen in neon signs.Much of the understanding of plasmas has come from the pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion and fusion power, for which plasma physics provides the scientific basis.