TTAS tandard - TTA표준화 위원회
... to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IE ...
... to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IE ...
Solar passive design – combining orientation, thermal mass and
... aluminium foil. It acts as a mirror to radiant heat – that is, heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as the heat in sunlight or the heat emitted from bricks, tiles, concrete or metal that is exposed to sunlight for long periods. Reflective insulation is best at reflecting radiant heat away ...
... aluminium foil. It acts as a mirror to radiant heat – that is, heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as the heat in sunlight or the heat emitted from bricks, tiles, concrete or metal that is exposed to sunlight for long periods. Reflective insulation is best at reflecting radiant heat away ...
CITY MULTI Case Study - Mitsubishi Electric Australia
... Electric. Mitsubishi Electric’s CITY MULTI advantage was that this turn-of-the century building was not designed for air conditioning. Significant savings were realized because CITY MULTI refrigerant piping and electrical wiring requires only a small footprint. No other HVAC competitor could ...
... Electric. Mitsubishi Electric’s CITY MULTI advantage was that this turn-of-the century building was not designed for air conditioning. Significant savings were realized because CITY MULTI refrigerant piping and electrical wiring requires only a small footprint. No other HVAC competitor could ...
the advantages of building simulation for building design engineers
... strategies often play an important role in achieving the desired conditions for occupants. To ensure that the proposed natural ventilation design strategy is effective for as much of the year as possible it is necessary to use dynamic airflow simulation in conjunction with dynamic thermal simulation ...
... strategies often play an important role in achieving the desired conditions for occupants. To ensure that the proposed natural ventilation design strategy is effective for as much of the year as possible it is necessary to use dynamic airflow simulation in conjunction with dynamic thermal simulation ...
Building Control Guidance Note 24 - Guide 6
... Conservation of Fuel and Power in buildings. Energy performance relating to works and extensions in existing buildings is based on a revised elemental approach in which insulation and efficiency thresholds are set for individual parts of the building envelope and services. However there are certain ...
... Conservation of Fuel and Power in buildings. Energy performance relating to works and extensions in existing buildings is based on a revised elemental approach in which insulation and efficiency thresholds are set for individual parts of the building envelope and services. However there are certain ...
Controlling Condensation in Steep Slope Metal Roofing Systems
... building insulation. The practice is applicable for both wall and roofing applications. For most roofing applications, the proper location would be above the building’s drywall ceiling. The building owner is advised to contact a design professional to determine the proper design for and placement of ...
... building insulation. The practice is applicable for both wall and roofing applications. For most roofing applications, the proper location would be above the building’s drywall ceiling. The building owner is advised to contact a design professional to determine the proper design for and placement of ...
Whitehead Biomedical Research Building at Emory University
... Thus, the vast majority of occupied rooms receive natural light during the day. The building’s perimeter electric lighting system is tied to an on/off switch controlled by a photocell (with manual overrides) to control the row of lights parallel to the window. These lights are automatically switched ...
... Thus, the vast majority of occupied rooms receive natural light during the day. The building’s perimeter electric lighting system is tied to an on/off switch controlled by a photocell (with manual overrides) to control the row of lights parallel to the window. These lights are automatically switched ...
Case Study
... calculation is relatively simple: air temperatures in winter condition are about 15oC in the whole building, when predominant air-conditioning signals are driving the HVAC central control to satisfy inner building volumes set points. Then, outer building zones air volume has to be preheated by auxil ...
... calculation is relatively simple: air temperatures in winter condition are about 15oC in the whole building, when predominant air-conditioning signals are driving the HVAC central control to satisfy inner building volumes set points. Then, outer building zones air volume has to be preheated by auxil ...
Do our green buildings perform as intended?
... performance to models that may not be effective at predicting actual performance, or were never designed with this explicit purpose. Models often exist simply to compare the relative impact of different design options. At the very least, designers should be aware that energy and water models are oft ...
... performance to models that may not be effective at predicting actual performance, or were never designed with this explicit purpose. Models often exist simply to compare the relative impact of different design options. At the very least, designers should be aware that energy and water models are oft ...
`Designing museums with a naturally stable climate`.
... reality of humidity and thermal buffering, it turns out that there are almost no usable data. The kilometres of thermohygrograph charts and the gigabytes of digital climate data from museum interiors are of no use if there are not matching data from the outside climate. We show first the data for th ...
... reality of humidity and thermal buffering, it turns out that there are almost no usable data. The kilometres of thermohygrograph charts and the gigabytes of digital climate data from museum interiors are of no use if there are not matching data from the outside climate. We show first the data for th ...
PRACTICAL BUILDING CONSERVATION
... deal of ground, from the weather, the physics of heat and moisture, and the basics of architecture and engineering, to the building's use and the maintenance and repair of complex materials and systems. Building Environment is the product of the many years spent observing buildings by the volume edi ...
... deal of ground, from the weather, the physics of heat and moisture, and the basics of architecture and engineering, to the building's use and the maintenance and repair of complex materials and systems. Building Environment is the product of the many years spent observing buildings by the volume edi ...
condensation
... buildings Air always contains some water vapour (wv) ie has humidity. The amount of water that can be present in air is related to the ambient temperature. Warmer air can contain more moisture than cooler air. When the upper limit of wv is reached, the air is saturated. The actual amount of wv in th ...
... buildings Air always contains some water vapour (wv) ie has humidity. The amount of water that can be present in air is related to the ambient temperature. Warmer air can contain more moisture than cooler air. When the upper limit of wv is reached, the air is saturated. The actual amount of wv in th ...
Passive design strategies for residential buildings in a hot dry
... envelope design. Their study shows that annual cooling has an almost linear relationship to the solar absorptance (amount of solar energy that passes into a material) of the external surfaces. Energy savings were found to be high with lower solar absorptance. A 30% reduction in solar absorptance can ...
... envelope design. Their study shows that annual cooling has an almost linear relationship to the solar absorptance (amount of solar energy that passes into a material) of the external surfaces. Energy savings were found to be high with lower solar absorptance. A 30% reduction in solar absorptance can ...
View PDF
... “The end result is a heating plant for the new air terminal building that is nominally above 95% seasonal efficiency - this for a 51,000 square metre building.” The flue gas condensing economizing unit mentioned earlier adds to the efficiency mix of this building by capturing waste energy. When natu ...
... “The end result is a heating plant for the new air terminal building that is nominally above 95% seasonal efficiency - this for a 51,000 square metre building.” The flue gas condensing economizing unit mentioned earlier adds to the efficiency mix of this building by capturing waste energy. When natu ...
A Simplified Rapid Energy Model and Interface for Nontechnical Users
... heat transfer coefficient. Angular-spectral variation is determined via the Fresnel equations (ASHRAE 2005, Siegel). Transmitted solar gains include the portion of sunlight reaching the room interior. TMY2 weather data files supply values for direct-normal and diffuse-horizontal radiation flux. Thes ...
... heat transfer coefficient. Angular-spectral variation is determined via the Fresnel equations (ASHRAE 2005, Siegel). Transmitted solar gains include the portion of sunlight reaching the room interior. TMY2 weather data files supply values for direct-normal and diffuse-horizontal radiation flux. Thes ...
Building Energy Code of Pakistan
... permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation. ...
... permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation. ...
Energy Efficient Architectural Design Strategies in Hot
... thermal mass will slow down the heat transfer through the envelope and thus higher day-time temperatures will be reached indoors although outdoor air temperature is much lower and consequently more stable indoor thermal conditions will be provided. On the other hand this thermal mass, which has high ...
... thermal mass will slow down the heat transfer through the envelope and thus higher day-time temperatures will be reached indoors although outdoor air temperature is much lower and consequently more stable indoor thermal conditions will be provided. On the other hand this thermal mass, which has high ...
Latest Trends in Building Automation and Control Systems
... aesthetical requirements. Also, wireless access is interesting for management functions like log file access for service technicians or presenting user interfaces to tenants on their personal mobile devices. Today, mobile telephones are well established, allowing mobile communications in many other ...
... aesthetical requirements. Also, wireless access is interesting for management functions like log file access for service technicians or presenting user interfaces to tenants on their personal mobile devices. Today, mobile telephones are well established, allowing mobile communications in many other ...
Understanding and Applying ASHRAE Standards - HVAC-Talk
... refrigerant. ASHRAE 15-2004 in conjunction with ASHRAE Standard 34-2007 classify this refrigerant in Safety Group “A1” and a rated as “neither” in the toxicity category titled “highly toxic or toxic under code classification.1” These are the safest ratings given in the Standard to any refrigerant an ...
... refrigerant. ASHRAE 15-2004 in conjunction with ASHRAE Standard 34-2007 classify this refrigerant in Safety Group “A1” and a rated as “neither” in the toxicity category titled “highly toxic or toxic under code classification.1” These are the safest ratings given in the Standard to any refrigerant an ...
Sustainable Design of Wind-catcher of an Earth-to-Air
... this study provides air flow inside the Tower of the Winds pattern analysis within evaporative cooling systems with the help of numerical simulation specimen CFD. Either Da Silva (2005) [8] The study indicated that the performance of passive evaporative cooling system is mainly influenced by the coo ...
... this study provides air flow inside the Tower of the Winds pattern analysis within evaporative cooling systems with the help of numerical simulation specimen CFD. Either Da Silva (2005) [8] The study indicated that the performance of passive evaporative cooling system is mainly influenced by the coo ...
Why Houses Need Mechanical Ventilation Systems
... The system would operate whenever additional indoor/outdoor air exchange is needed and would do so without the need for occupant intervention. Operate only when needed This is important since a mechanical ventilation system has costs associated with it — the cost of the electricity to run it and the ...
... The system would operate whenever additional indoor/outdoor air exchange is needed and would do so without the need for occupant intervention. Operate only when needed This is important since a mechanical ventilation system has costs associated with it — the cost of the electricity to run it and the ...
energygauge usa
... system both for leakage and thermal losses. radiative exchange between the roof decking and the attic insulation was accomplished by setting the interior film coefficient according to the values suggested in the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals depending on their slope and surface emittance. The atti ...
... system both for leakage and thermal losses. radiative exchange between the roof decking and the attic insulation was accomplished by setting the interior film coefficient according to the values suggested in the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals depending on their slope and surface emittance. The atti ...
Empire State Building: New York, NY
... that will be implemented at the Empire State Building involve working both with tenants and within their spaces. Maximizing energy savings profitably requires planning and coordination. For an energy efficiency retrofit to be cost effective, the retrofit needs to align with the planned replacement o ...
... that will be implemented at the Empire State Building involve working both with tenants and within their spaces. Maximizing energy savings profitably requires planning and coordination. For an energy efficiency retrofit to be cost effective, the retrofit needs to align with the planned replacement o ...
sustainable buildings in hot and dry climate of india
... air from the surrounding countryside flows towards the centre. This kind of circulation is more pronounced on calm summer nights and can be utilized to flush dense areas of heat and pollutants. To achieve cool air movement, a belt of undeveloped and preferably vegetated land at the perimeter of the ...
... air from the surrounding countryside flows towards the centre. This kind of circulation is more pronounced on calm summer nights and can be utilized to flush dense areas of heat and pollutants. To achieve cool air movement, a belt of undeveloped and preferably vegetated land at the perimeter of the ...
Guidelines on Application of Central Control and Monitoring Systems
... supporting facilities to match the occupancy schedule, for example, to save energy and to protect the control area, CCMS can switch off air conditioning, lighting systems and to turn on the security system after the area is vacated. Also the energy consumption of production floor can be directly ben ...
... supporting facilities to match the occupancy schedule, for example, to save energy and to protect the control area, CCMS can switch off air conditioning, lighting systems and to turn on the security system after the area is vacated. Also the energy consumption of production floor can be directly ben ...
Building automation
Building automation is the automatic centralized control of a building's heating, ventilation and air conditioning, lighting and other systems through a Building Management System or Building Automation System (BAS). The objectives of building automation are improved occupant comfort, efficient operation of building systems, and reduction in energy consumption and operating costs.Building automation is an example of a distributed control system - the computer networking of electronic devices designed to monitor and control the mechanical, security, fire and flood safety, lighting (especially emergency lighting), HVAC and humidity control and ventilation systems in a building.BAS core functionality keeps building climate within a specified range, provides light to rooms based on an occupancy schedule (in the absence of overt switches to the contrary), monitors performance and device failures in all systems, and provides malfunction alarms to building maintenance staff. A BAS should reduce building energy and maintenance costs compared to a non-controlled building. Most commercial, institutional, and industrial buildings built after 2000 include a BAS. Many older buildings have been retrofitted with a new BAS, typically financed through energy and insurance savings, and other savings associated with pre-emptive maintenance and fault detection.A building controlled by a BAS is often referred to as an intelligent building, ""smart building"", or (if a residence) a ""smart home"". Commercial and industrial buildings have historically relied on robust proven protocols (like BACnet) while proprietary and poorly integrated purpose-specific protocols (like X-10 or those from Johnson Controls, Honeywell, Siemens or other major manufacturers of smart thermostats, etc.) were used in homes. Recent IEEE standards (notably IEEE 802.15.4, IEEE 1901 and IEEE 1905.1, IEEE 802.21, IEEE 802.11ac, IEEE 802.3at) and consortia efforts like nVoy (which verifies IEEE 1905.1 compliance) or QIVICON have provided a standards-based foundation for heterogeneous networking of many devices on many physical networks for diverse purposes, and quality of service and failover guarantees appropriate to support human health and safety. Accordingly commercial, industrial, military and other institutional users now use systems that differ from home systems mostly in scale. See home automation for more on entry level systems, nVoy, 1905.1, and the major proprietary vendors who implement or resist this trend to standards integration.Almost all multi-story green buildings are designed to accommodate a BAS for the energy, air and water conservation characteristics. Electrical device demand response is a typical function of a BAS, as is the more sophisticated ventilation and humidity monitoring required of ""tight"" insulated buildings. Most green buildings also use as many low-power DC devices as possible, typically integrated with power over Ethernet wiring, so by definition always accessible to a BAS through the Ethernet connectivity. Even a passivhaus design intended to consume no net energy whatsoever will typically require a BAS to manage heat capture, shading and venting, and scheduling device use.