Full-Text PDF
... basins [34]. Lu et al., found that the rate of precipitation trend has increased with altitude under 2000 m [35]. The precipitation trend in the TP could be divided into several periods and the rate in different periods differed greatly. The TP was rainy during 1985–1991 and 1998–2001, and rainless ...
... basins [34]. Lu et al., found that the rate of precipitation trend has increased with altitude under 2000 m [35]. The precipitation trend in the TP could be divided into several periods and the rate in different periods differed greatly. The TP was rainy during 1985–1991 and 1998–2001, and rainless ...
America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the
... governments, tribes, corporations, municipalities, and nongovernmental organizations, as well as citizen decision makers, are beginning to act. Climate research over the past three decades, however, has been driven largely by a need to better understand rather than to explicitly respond to climate c ...
... governments, tribes, corporations, municipalities, and nongovernmental organizations, as well as citizen decision makers, are beginning to act. Climate research over the past three decades, however, has been driven largely by a need to better understand rather than to explicitly respond to climate c ...
The Glaciers of the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region
... (Wake 1989). Hewitt and Young (1993) note that a very significant source of nourishment for many Himalayan glaciers is avalanche snow from the surrounding slopes. Reported trends in air temperature over recent decades vary across the region. In the central/eastern Himalayas, Shrestha et al. (1999) r ...
... (Wake 1989). Hewitt and Young (1993) note that a very significant source of nourishment for many Himalayan glaciers is avalanche snow from the surrounding slopes. Reported trends in air temperature over recent decades vary across the region. In the central/eastern Himalayas, Shrestha et al. (1999) r ...
Climate Change: Costs and Benefits of the
... cost projections are at best speculative, and should be viewed with attentive skepticism. The finer and more detailed the estimate presented, the greater the skepticism should be. In the words of the late Dr. Lincoln Moses, the first Administrator of the Energy Information Administration: “There are ...
... cost projections are at best speculative, and should be viewed with attentive skepticism. The finer and more detailed the estimate presented, the greater the skepticism should be. In the words of the late Dr. Lincoln Moses, the first Administrator of the Energy Information Administration: “There are ...
Vulnerability of Fiji`s mangroves and associated coral reefs to
... include the North Coast of Viti Levu, Yasa Yasa Moala and Vanuabalavu. Fiji does not have the financial resources to support coastal engineering or beach replenishment in response to coastal erosion with sealevel rise, and there is mediocre evidence of the success of these elsewhere anyway. Therefor ...
... include the North Coast of Viti Levu, Yasa Yasa Moala and Vanuabalavu. Fiji does not have the financial resources to support coastal engineering or beach replenishment in response to coastal erosion with sealevel rise, and there is mediocre evidence of the success of these elsewhere anyway. Therefor ...
Here - Permafrost Carbon Network
... frozen carbon pool as the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere would dramatically increase the rate of future global climate warming. A key societal question is whether there are tipping points, global carbon cycle surprises such as the release of permafrost carbon that wi ...
... frozen carbon pool as the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere would dramatically increase the rate of future global climate warming. A key societal question is whether there are tipping points, global carbon cycle surprises such as the release of permafrost carbon that wi ...
Changes in ecosystem services and their drivers across the scenarios
... areas. TechnoGarden and Adapting Mosaic, in contrast, are the most landconserving scenarios because of increasingly efficient agricultural production, lower meat consumption, and lower population increases. Existing wetlands and the services they provide (such as water purification) are faced with i ...
... areas. TechnoGarden and Adapting Mosaic, in contrast, are the most landconserving scenarios because of increasingly efficient agricultural production, lower meat consumption, and lower population increases. Existing wetlands and the services they provide (such as water purification) are faced with i ...
The Glaciers of the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region
... (Wake 1989). Hewitt and Young (1993) note that a very significant source of nourishment for many Himalayan glaciers is avalanche snow from the surrounding slopes. Reported trends in air temperature over recent decades vary across the region. In the central/eastern Himalayas, Shrestha et al. (1999) r ...
... (Wake 1989). Hewitt and Young (1993) note that a very significant source of nourishment for many Himalayan glaciers is avalanche snow from the surrounding slopes. Reported trends in air temperature over recent decades vary across the region. In the central/eastern Himalayas, Shrestha et al. (1999) r ...
Free version - Derek Lemoine
... integrated assessment model 19, 20 , see Methods. DICE combines an economic growth model with a climate module (Figure 1). The policymaker decides how to allocate output between consumption, investment in capital, and emission reductions. Unabated emissions accumulate in the atmosphere where they ch ...
... integrated assessment model 19, 20 , see Methods. DICE combines an economic growth model with a climate module (Figure 1). The policymaker decides how to allocate output between consumption, investment in capital, and emission reductions. Unabated emissions accumulate in the atmosphere where they ch ...
An Evidence Base Review of Public Attitudes to Climate Change
... change, or they can be indirect in that they aim to change behaviour first without necessarily changing attitudes. This review concludes that a combination of each of these types of measures is desirable. In addition, any travel behaviour change strategy will be more effective if it targets change a ...
... change, or they can be indirect in that they aim to change behaviour first without necessarily changing attitudes. This review concludes that a combination of each of these types of measures is desirable. In addition, any travel behaviour change strategy will be more effective if it targets change a ...
Extreme climate events counteract the effects of climate and land
... also impact the provisioning of ecosystem services (Bellard et al. 2012). Land-use changes, be it by conversion of natural habitats into agricultural or urban lands, or by abandonment of managed areas, could aggravate the effects of climate change, as well as contribute to large and sudden changes o ...
... also impact the provisioning of ecosystem services (Bellard et al. 2012). Land-use changes, be it by conversion of natural habitats into agricultural or urban lands, or by abandonment of managed areas, could aggravate the effects of climate change, as well as contribute to large and sudden changes o ...
Long-run relative importance of temperature as the main driver to
... Warmer temperatures shorten the mosquito life cycle, thereby increasing its population (Patz et al., 2005; Patz and Olson, 2006). High temperature shortens the development time of vector-borne pathogens; and combined with favourable climate conditions, the population of carrier-mosquitoes increases ...
... Warmer temperatures shorten the mosquito life cycle, thereby increasing its population (Patz et al., 2005; Patz and Olson, 2006). High temperature shortens the development time of vector-borne pathogens; and combined with favourable climate conditions, the population of carrier-mosquitoes increases ...
The making of a riskier future: How our decisions are
... The text in this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit uses, without special permission, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The GFDRR Secretariat would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this report as a sour ...
... The text in this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit uses, without special permission, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The GFDRR Secretariat would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this report as a sour ...
THE GARNAUT CLIMATE CHANGE REvIEW
... high proportion of the extraordinary number of Australians and others who were interested in the Review’s work. Veronica Webster held together the threads of my absurd program of commitments against all the odds. Many of the individuals mentioned above, and some others, made exceptional and particul ...
... high proportion of the extraordinary number of Australians and others who were interested in the Review’s work. Veronica Webster held together the threads of my absurd program of commitments against all the odds. Many of the individuals mentioned above, and some others, made exceptional and particul ...
thailand - Technology Needs Assessment
... Thailand today faces a number of challenges affected by climate change. These include everincreasing natural and human-made disaster – such as, extreme weather events, land-slide, flood, draught, rising sea level, biodiversity loss, and health damage – ,which if not addressed may lead to catastrophi ...
... Thailand today faces a number of challenges affected by climate change. These include everincreasing natural and human-made disaster – such as, extreme weather events, land-slide, flood, draught, rising sea level, biodiversity loss, and health damage – ,which if not addressed may lead to catastrophi ...
Temperate grasslands and global atmospheric change
... activity in four European grasslands (Barnard et al., 2004). Nevertheless, an increased greenhouse gas emissions of N2O was found in response to elevated CO2 (Baggs et al., 2003) in the Swiss FACE, which may exacerbate the forcing effect of elevated CO2 on global climate. As a result of these intera ...
... activity in four European grasslands (Barnard et al., 2004). Nevertheless, an increased greenhouse gas emissions of N2O was found in response to elevated CO2 (Baggs et al., 2003) in the Swiss FACE, which may exacerbate the forcing effect of elevated CO2 on global climate. As a result of these intera ...
Climate Change Adaptation: Outcomes from the Great Barrier Reef
... within their tissues (zooxanthellae) is fundamental to their survival. This symbiosis is sensitive to changes in temperature. Temperature increases of only 1–2°C can result in coral bleaching. If high temperatures are sustained, corals can die. Record high temperatures during 1998 destroyed an estim ...
... within their tissues (zooxanthellae) is fundamental to their survival. This symbiosis is sensitive to changes in temperature. Temperature increases of only 1–2°C can result in coral bleaching. If high temperatures are sustained, corals can die. Record high temperatures during 1998 destroyed an estim ...
Environmental Change and Migration: State of the
... for shorter or longer periods (IFRC 2011). As climate change intensifies these events, even more people in developing countries will be at risk. Competition over natural resources that may exacerbate pressures contributing to conflict, which in turn precipitates movements of people. Conflict will cl ...
... for shorter or longer periods (IFRC 2011). As climate change intensifies these events, even more people in developing countries will be at risk. Competition over natural resources that may exacerbate pressures contributing to conflict, which in turn precipitates movements of people. Conflict will cl ...
Mirrored at GFMC Archive - The Global Fire Monitoring Center
... century, global trends in burned area have been shown to be driven by changes in land use, principally through (i) fire suppression policies in mid-latitude temperate regions, which reduce fire activity in the short term but may lead to a greater incidence of catastrophic fire in the long term (Liell ...
... century, global trends in burned area have been shown to be driven by changes in land use, principally through (i) fire suppression policies in mid-latitude temperate regions, which reduce fire activity in the short term but may lead to a greater incidence of catastrophic fire in the long term (Liell ...
WP 87 Bagchi/Castro/Michaelowa
... terms of the development impact, the former could be shown to be clearly more effective than the latter (Dreher and Kilby 2010, Dreher, Eichenauer and Gehring 2015). However, the increasing relevance of global public goods for development – as exemplified by the adoption of the Sustainable Developme ...
... terms of the development impact, the former could be shown to be clearly more effective than the latter (Dreher and Kilby 2010, Dreher, Eichenauer and Gehring 2015). However, the increasing relevance of global public goods for development – as exemplified by the adoption of the Sustainable Developme ...
Z:\Corel\Documents\SR9P Ocean Storage\inside and back.vp
... In pre-industrial times, before any significant release of CO2 into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels, the global carbon reservoirs were essentially in equilibrium. Although large carbon fluxes were exchanged between the atmosphere and the oceans and between the atmosphere and land, there wer ...
... In pre-industrial times, before any significant release of CO2 into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels, the global carbon reservoirs were essentially in equilibrium. Although large carbon fluxes were exchanged between the atmosphere and the oceans and between the atmosphere and land, there wer ...
The Role of New Media in Protest Organisation
... Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... - 1 Table of Content ......................................................................................................................... - 2 1. Chapte ...
... Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... - 1 Table of Content ......................................................................................................................... - 2 1. Chapte ...
a call to action - CDM Policy Dialogue
... Third, the CDM must substantially reform its operating procedures and greatly expand its assistance to participating countries to maximize its impact. The CDM has long struggled with a perception that it does not contribute enough to emissions mitigation and sustainable development. Though partly de ...
... Third, the CDM must substantially reform its operating procedures and greatly expand its assistance to participating countries to maximize its impact. The CDM has long struggled with a perception that it does not contribute enough to emissions mitigation and sustainable development. Though partly de ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.