ENSO nonlinearity in a warming climate
... - The "distorsion" of the PDF of tropical Pacific climate variables is a signature of the presence of nonlinearity in the ENSO system. Quantifying this distorsion can provide insights on an integrated level of ENSO nonlinearity ...
... - The "distorsion" of the PDF of tropical Pacific climate variables is a signature of the presence of nonlinearity in the ENSO system. Quantifying this distorsion can provide insights on an integrated level of ENSO nonlinearity ...
Environmental Tutorial
... As stated earlier, human overpopulation is the cause for many problems. Another such problem is called deforestation. Like the name implies, this is the clearing of forested land. Once cleared, the cleared land is often used to build housing or is converted into farmland to grow crops. As cities exp ...
... As stated earlier, human overpopulation is the cause for many problems. Another such problem is called deforestation. Like the name implies, this is the clearing of forested land. Once cleared, the cleared land is often used to build housing or is converted into farmland to grow crops. As cities exp ...
the climate crisis: national security, public health, and economic
... laggards instead of leaders in the fight against global warming, we will miss out on the greatest economic opportunity of our time. Three point six million Americans have lost their jobs since the beginning of the current recession and climate legislation offers them new hope. In less than 300 days, ...
... laggards instead of leaders in the fight against global warming, we will miss out on the greatest economic opportunity of our time. Three point six million Americans have lost their jobs since the beginning of the current recession and climate legislation offers them new hope. In less than 300 days, ...
Gene-flow through space and time: dispersal, dormancy and
... plants, because they both depend on attributes of the seed, albeit this anatomical association is rarely considered when analyzing interactions between dispersal and dormancy. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which dispersal and dormancy can be expected to correlate and how each might inf ...
... plants, because they both depend on attributes of the seed, albeit this anatomical association is rarely considered when analyzing interactions between dispersal and dormancy. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which dispersal and dormancy can be expected to correlate and how each might inf ...
Climate change impacts on the flow regimes of rivers in
... migration of the intertropical convergence zone to produce a particularly strong seasonality of precipitation in much of Asia and Africa called the monsoon. The intertropical convergence zone is the belt of high precipitation where warm easterly winds from both hemispheres carrying large amounts of ...
... migration of the intertropical convergence zone to produce a particularly strong seasonality of precipitation in much of Asia and Africa called the monsoon. The intertropical convergence zone is the belt of high precipitation where warm easterly winds from both hemispheres carrying large amounts of ...
The Second National Communication of the Republic of Malawi
... Extreme weather events recorded in Malawi, 1946-2008 Occurrence of short duration rainfall events recorded at different sites in Malawi Distribution of climate related disasters in Malawi, 1946-2008 Soils of Malawi and their estimated areas of coverage based on the Soils Map of Malawi Mineral resour ...
... Extreme weather events recorded in Malawi, 1946-2008 Occurrence of short duration rainfall events recorded at different sites in Malawi Distribution of climate related disasters in Malawi, 1946-2008 Soils of Malawi and their estimated areas of coverage based on the Soils Map of Malawi Mineral resour ...
Climate Change and Migration - Institute for Governance and Policy
... obligations. Moreover, not all states in the Asia–Pacific region are signatories to the 1951 Convention, including states with substantial existing refugee and migrant numbers such as Malaysia and Indonesia. Second, any removal of the antidiscrimination norms underpinning the 1951 Convention to acco ...
... obligations. Moreover, not all states in the Asia–Pacific region are signatories to the 1951 Convention, including states with substantial existing refugee and migrant numbers such as Malaysia and Indonesia. Second, any removal of the antidiscrimination norms underpinning the 1951 Convention to acco ...
Enabling Access to the Funds. PROFONANPE`s Adaptation
... is mandated to make a significant contribution to the united global response to mobilize US$100 billion per year by 2020 to support projects, programmes, policies and other activities in all developing country parties to the UNFCCC. In November 2015, the GCF Board approved its first eight project an ...
... is mandated to make a significant contribution to the united global response to mobilize US$100 billion per year by 2020 to support projects, programmes, policies and other activities in all developing country parties to the UNFCCC. In November 2015, the GCF Board approved its first eight project an ...
Peatlands and Climate Change
... widely studied and debated in media, but also within a scientific audience and peatland experts during recent years. Controversial opinions have been put and different parties and experts have emphasised their points of view with the latest research data, historical evidence and statistics. It seems ...
... widely studied and debated in media, but also within a scientific audience and peatland experts during recent years. Controversial opinions have been put and different parties and experts have emphasised their points of view with the latest research data, historical evidence and statistics. It seems ...
INTERPRETING INDCs - World Resources Institute
... This paper evaluates the transparency of the GHG emissions targets presented in the INDCs of eight top-emitting Parties—Brazil, China, the European Union, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, and the United States— which, together, contribute nearly two thirds of annual global GHG emissions. Using the ...
... This paper evaluates the transparency of the GHG emissions targets presented in the INDCs of eight top-emitting Parties—Brazil, China, the European Union, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, and the United States— which, together, contribute nearly two thirds of annual global GHG emissions. Using the ...
the future we want biodiversity and ecosystems– driving
... cross-sectoral approach supports synergies across the four focus areas and the delivery of multiple benefits, and promotes resilience, sustainability and inclusive growth. UNDP’s coordination role in the UN system, its multifaceted mandate and its extensive presence at the national level are combine ...
... cross-sectoral approach supports synergies across the four focus areas and the delivery of multiple benefits, and promotes resilience, sustainability and inclusive growth. UNDP’s coordination role in the UN system, its multifaceted mandate and its extensive presence at the national level are combine ...
DISASTER-RELATED DISpLACEMENT RISK
... • Weak or corrupt governance structures can further exacerbate this dangerous process by creating incentives for people to move into hazard-prone areas – or forcing them to live there. • Conflict and generalised violence affects several of the most at-risk countries, further increasing the vulnera ...
... • Weak or corrupt governance structures can further exacerbate this dangerous process by creating incentives for people to move into hazard-prone areas – or forcing them to live there. • Conflict and generalised violence affects several of the most at-risk countries, further increasing the vulnera ...
Modelling Climate Variability and Climate Change and Their
... with respect to temperature trends. The effect of climate on yields was observed to vary from region to region. This was attributable to variations in other non-climatic factors such as soil fertility and composition, pests and diseases and crop management practices across regions. Results on climat ...
... with respect to temperature trends. The effect of climate on yields was observed to vary from region to region. This was attributable to variations in other non-climatic factors such as soil fertility and composition, pests and diseases and crop management practices across regions. Results on climat ...
climate change strategy of ajara
... fields of agricultural sector, due to what Ajara can be considered as the specimen area for the development of both national priorities – tourism and agriculture; it can also be regarded as a strategic polygon, where the newest technologies should be introduced in order to reach the most ambitious t ...
... fields of agricultural sector, due to what Ajara can be considered as the specimen area for the development of both national priorities – tourism and agriculture; it can also be regarded as a strategic polygon, where the newest technologies should be introduced in order to reach the most ambitious t ...
Extreme climate events counteract the effects of climate and land
... 42 C. Barros et al. effects occurred during the first severe drought they experienced (drought sensitivity = 1). In contrast, chamaephytes and phanerophytes were less sensitive: chamaephytes only suffered severe effects during the second drought they experienced, while phanerophytes and shrubs (C4) ...
... 42 C. Barros et al. effects occurred during the first severe drought they experienced (drought sensitivity = 1). In contrast, chamaephytes and phanerophytes were less sensitive: chamaephytes only suffered severe effects during the second drought they experienced, while phanerophytes and shrubs (C4) ...
ldc graduation - the difficulties and realities for tuvalu
... 6. The recovery of the Tuvalu Trust Fund is Without any productive capacity and exports - the TTF has added much needed budget for public service ...
... 6. The recovery of the Tuvalu Trust Fund is Without any productive capacity and exports - the TTF has added much needed budget for public service ...
climate change adaptation (CCA) toolkit
... ocean currents and rainfall patterns including the amount of rainfall; global warming/increasing air temperature; changes to the intensity and frequency of extreme events such as storms, droughts, and floods; increasing sea-surface temperature; sea-level rise; and ocean acidification – all of these ...
... ocean currents and rainfall patterns including the amount of rainfall; global warming/increasing air temperature; changes to the intensity and frequency of extreme events such as storms, droughts, and floods; increasing sea-surface temperature; sea-level rise; and ocean acidification – all of these ...
Global Monsoon Dynamics and Climate Change
... external forcing centered at 25◦ N and quantified the theory by identifying a threshold forcing for the transition from the thermal equilibrium to the angular momentum conservation regime. They demonstrated that for a forcing smaller than the threshold, the relative vorticity is weak, the absolute vo ...
... external forcing centered at 25◦ N and quantified the theory by identifying a threshold forcing for the transition from the thermal equilibrium to the angular momentum conservation regime. They demonstrated that for a forcing smaller than the threshold, the relative vorticity is weak, the absolute vo ...
Waste and Climate Change
... increase significantly as better waste management practices lead to more anaerobic, methaneproducing conditions in landfills. Estimates of GHG emissions from waste management practices tend to be based on life-cycle assessment (LCA) methods. LCA studies have provided extremely useful analyses of the ...
... increase significantly as better waste management practices lead to more anaerobic, methaneproducing conditions in landfills. Estimates of GHG emissions from waste management practices tend to be based on life-cycle assessment (LCA) methods. LCA studies have provided extremely useful analyses of the ...
ECCA 2017 Full Programme
... 11.3 Strategies for managing flood risk and water quality ....................................................................................93 6.9 Fostering dialogue and learning on monitoring and evaluation of climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction policies ........................ ...
... 11.3 Strategies for managing flood risk and water quality ....................................................................................93 6.9 Fostering dialogue and learning on monitoring and evaluation of climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction policies ........................ ...
DRAFT Chapter 6 Arctic Tundra and Polar Desert Ecosystems
... geographical barriers. Some changes are occurring now. Some groups such as mosses, lichens, some herbivores and their predators are at risk in some areas, but productivity and number of species is very likely to increase. Biodiversity is more at risk in some subregions than in others: Beringia has a ...
... geographical barriers. Some changes are occurring now. Some groups such as mosses, lichens, some herbivores and their predators are at risk in some areas, but productivity and number of species is very likely to increase. Biodiversity is more at risk in some subregions than in others: Beringia has a ...
2014 Assessment in pdf - Ozone Secretariat
... The ozone hole over Antarctica expanded to a record size of approximately 28.3 million square kilometers on Sept. 3, 2000. The previous record was approximately 27.2 million square km on Sept. 19, 1998. The size of the ozone currently has stabilized, but the concentrations in the center continue to ...
... The ozone hole over Antarctica expanded to a record size of approximately 28.3 million square kilometers on Sept. 3, 2000. The previous record was approximately 27.2 million square km on Sept. 19, 1998. The size of the ozone currently has stabilized, but the concentrations in the center continue to ...
Coastal Hazard Guide - Victorian Coastal Council
... permanent removal of material from a part of the coast. While erosion/recession is a natural process that has formed the present coastal edge, it is a hazard if it can adversely affect human life, property or aspects of the natural environment. ...
... permanent removal of material from a part of the coast. While erosion/recession is a natural process that has formed the present coastal edge, it is a hazard if it can adversely affect human life, property or aspects of the natural environment. ...
investment and financial flows to address climate change
... interference in the climate system over the last two centuries. The science is clear and the policy community is being increasingly convinced and galvanised into action to address this emergent challenge in light of the associated economic and human dimensions. The impacts of climate change ranging ...
... interference in the climate system over the last two centuries. The science is clear and the policy community is being increasingly convinced and galvanised into action to address this emergent challenge in light of the associated economic and human dimensions. The impacts of climate change ranging ...
investment and financial flows to address climate change
... interference in the climate system over the last two centuries. The science is clear and the policy community is being increasingly convinced and galvanised into action to address this emergent challenge in light of the associated economic and human dimensions. The impacts of climate change ranging ...
... interference in the climate system over the last two centuries. The science is clear and the policy community is being increasingly convinced and galvanised into action to address this emergent challenge in light of the associated economic and human dimensions. The impacts of climate change ranging ...