the publication
... The extent to which solar activity is a factor in climate change as compared to the human influence is a hot issue in climate research as well as in the public debate. In order to assess the understanding of the solar terrestrial relation, the Netherlands Programme on Scientific Assessment and Polic ...
... The extent to which solar activity is a factor in climate change as compared to the human influence is a hot issue in climate research as well as in the public debate. In order to assess the understanding of the solar terrestrial relation, the Netherlands Programme on Scientific Assessment and Polic ...
Battling Promethean dreams and Trojan horses: Revealing the critical discourses of geoengineering
... cloud seeding/whitening, air CO2 capture, and ocean fertilization, but more spectacular options such as space mirrors are also considered geoengineering [1]. Due to the potentially severe environmental risks accompanying several of these technologies, major uncertainties, and the fact that most of t ...
... cloud seeding/whitening, air CO2 capture, and ocean fertilization, but more spectacular options such as space mirrors are also considered geoengineering [1]. Due to the potentially severe environmental risks accompanying several of these technologies, major uncertainties, and the fact that most of t ...
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Reservoir Sedimentation in the
... reservoir volumes over time. Even though sedimentation was taken into account in design, there may be gradual loss of functionality with respect to a dam's authorized purpose(s) over time. Since 2011, the USACE Civil Works Strategic Plan has stressed sustainable solutions for the 21st century. For o ...
... reservoir volumes over time. Even though sedimentation was taken into account in design, there may be gradual loss of functionality with respect to a dam's authorized purpose(s) over time. Since 2011, the USACE Civil Works Strategic Plan has stressed sustainable solutions for the 21st century. For o ...
Effects of Anthropogenic Stressors and Changes in Biodiversity on Lower Chesapeake Bay, VA USA Seagrass Systems
... Anthropogenic stressors are increasingly changing conditions in coastal areas and impacting important habitats. But, when multiple stressors act simultaneously, their effects on ecosystems become more difficult to predict. In Chesapeake Bay, USA, predictions suggest that anthropogenic stressors from ...
... Anthropogenic stressors are increasingly changing conditions in coastal areas and impacting important habitats. But, when multiple stressors act simultaneously, their effects on ecosystems become more difficult to predict. In Chesapeake Bay, USA, predictions suggest that anthropogenic stressors from ...
Full-Text PDF
... The potential impacts of climate change on American beech are first considered in the absence of BBD, taking advantage of available studies focused on both American and European beech (Fagus sylvatica). This review focuses primarily on impacts of increased temperature as well as drought. Following g ...
... The potential impacts of climate change on American beech are first considered in the absence of BBD, taking advantage of available studies focused on both American and European beech (Fagus sylvatica). This review focuses primarily on impacts of increased temperature as well as drought. Following g ...
Averchenkova and Bassi 2016.pdf (opens in new window)
... This analysis of the policy credibility of individual countries is extended to take into account the size of the emissions reduction limit or pledge embedded in each G20 INDC. This brings together credibility and ambition, albeit in a relatively simple and illustrative way. The aim is to provide a s ...
... This analysis of the policy credibility of individual countries is extended to take into account the size of the emissions reduction limit or pledge embedded in each G20 INDC. This brings together credibility and ambition, albeit in a relatively simple and illustrative way. The aim is to provide a s ...
Full text in pdf format
... within upwelling areas, this approach is consistent with studies that have demonstrated local acclimation of corals to temperature and the occurrence of bleaching once temperature anomalies are experienced (e.g. Glynn & D’Croz 1990, D’Croz et al. 2001). Each month of the time series was categorised ...
... within upwelling areas, this approach is consistent with studies that have demonstrated local acclimation of corals to temperature and the occurrence of bleaching once temperature anomalies are experienced (e.g. Glynn & D’Croz 1990, D’Croz et al. 2001). Each month of the time series was categorised ...
Dynamics, Stratospheric Ozone, and Climate Change
... Dynamics affects the distribution and abundance of stratospheric ozone directly through transport of ozone itself and indirectly through its effect on ozone chemistry via temperature and transport of other chemical species. Dynamical processes must be considered in order to understand past ozone cha ...
... Dynamics affects the distribution and abundance of stratospheric ozone directly through transport of ozone itself and indirectly through its effect on ozone chemistry via temperature and transport of other chemical species. Dynamical processes must be considered in order to understand past ozone cha ...
Northern Hemisphere blocking frequency and duration in the CMIP5
... latitudes that remains quasi-stationary for days to weeks, interrupting the zonal flow [e.g., Rex, 1950]. Since blocking highs are persistent and quasi-stationary by definition, they affect surface weather and climate in a major way. For instance, a blocking high often causes a significant increase in ...
... latitudes that remains quasi-stationary for days to weeks, interrupting the zonal flow [e.g., Rex, 1950]. Since blocking highs are persistent and quasi-stationary by definition, they affect surface weather and climate in a major way. For instance, a blocking high often causes a significant increase in ...
The Current and Future State of Victoria: a macro perspective PDF
... states of Victoria across the three streams of society, economy and environment, and the key drivers of infrastructure need for each of these streams. The base future case projects out to 2046 and is based on current and emerging major trends affecting Victoria using population and demographic profi ...
... states of Victoria across the three streams of society, economy and environment, and the key drivers of infrastructure need for each of these streams. The base future case projects out to 2046 and is based on current and emerging major trends affecting Victoria using population and demographic profi ...
Glaucomys sabrinus californicus - Center for Biological Diversity
... drier conditions in the San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains. Temperatures and heat wave activity have increased, drought severity and duration have risen, more precipitation is falling as rain instead of snow, the timing of runoff and snowmelt-driven streamflow has advanced, and streamflow has ...
... drier conditions in the San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains. Temperatures and heat wave activity have increased, drought severity and duration have risen, more precipitation is falling as rain instead of snow, the timing of runoff and snowmelt-driven streamflow has advanced, and streamflow has ...
2014 Assessment in pdf - Ozone Secretariat
... The review meeting of the Panel was held in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China. We thank the University of Zhengzhou and the University of Peking for providing logistical support and assistance. The Suda Palace Hotel, Zhengzhou, provided excellent facilities for the meeting and we thank the staff for ...
... The review meeting of the Panel was held in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China. We thank the University of Zhengzhou and the University of Peking for providing logistical support and assistance. The Suda Palace Hotel, Zhengzhou, provided excellent facilities for the meeting and we thank the staff for ...
Enabling Access to the Funds. PROFONANPE`s Adaptation
... The AF was established under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change’s (UNFCCC) Kyoto Protocol to finance concrete adaptation projects and programmes targeting countries most vulnerable to climate change. The Fund has been operational since 2009, with a total capitalization of approximately US ...
... The AF was established under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change’s (UNFCCC) Kyoto Protocol to finance concrete adaptation projects and programmes targeting countries most vulnerable to climate change. The Fund has been operational since 2009, with a total capitalization of approximately US ...
Climate Change: Costs and Benefits of the
... This report examines seven studies that project the costs of H.R. 2454 to 2030 or beyond. It is difficult (and some would consider it unwise) to project costs up to the year 2030, much less beyond. The already tenuous assumption that current regulatory standards will remain constant becomes more unr ...
... This report examines seven studies that project the costs of H.R. 2454 to 2030 or beyond. It is difficult (and some would consider it unwise) to project costs up to the year 2030, much less beyond. The already tenuous assumption that current regulatory standards will remain constant becomes more unr ...
ORGANIZATIONAL INVOLVEMENT IN CARBON MITIGATION: THE NEW ZEALAND PUBLIC SECTOR Stephen Jeffrey Birchall
... two programmes. Fieldwork is informed by publicly available information that provides insight into Government’s rationale for creating and discontinuing the CNPS and the CCPNZ programmes. Narrative analysis and termination theory serve as the primary methodological tools for this study, providing in ...
... two programmes. Fieldwork is informed by publicly available information that provides insight into Government’s rationale for creating and discontinuing the CNPS and the CCPNZ programmes. Narrative analysis and termination theory serve as the primary methodological tools for this study, providing in ...
Gene-flow through space and time: dispersal, dormancy and
... plants, because they both depend on attributes of the seed, albeit this anatomical association is rarely considered when analyzing interactions between dispersal and dormancy. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which dispersal and dormancy can be expected to correlate and how each might inf ...
... plants, because they both depend on attributes of the seed, albeit this anatomical association is rarely considered when analyzing interactions between dispersal and dormancy. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which dispersal and dormancy can be expected to correlate and how each might inf ...
Simulating Transient Climate Evolution of the Last
... people. I am deeply indebted to my adviser, Professor Zhengyu Liu, who brought me into the fascinating field of paleoclimatology and provided me his full trust in carrying out one of the most epic numerical modeling in the climate community to date. I am always encouraged by his passion for science ...
... people. I am deeply indebted to my adviser, Professor Zhengyu Liu, who brought me into the fascinating field of paleoclimatology and provided me his full trust in carrying out one of the most epic numerical modeling in the climate community to date. I am always encouraged by his passion for science ...
the future we want biodiversity and ecosystems– driving
... predicted as human pressures on the planet’s climatic, geophysical, atmospheric and ecological processes approach a level at which abrupt global environmental change is likely to occur. Scientists believe we are beginning to transgress the planetary boundaries within which societies have been sustai ...
... predicted as human pressures on the planet’s climatic, geophysical, atmospheric and ecological processes approach a level at which abrupt global environmental change is likely to occur. Scientists believe we are beginning to transgress the planetary boundaries within which societies have been sustai ...
WHAT DO WE KNOW? WHAT DO WE NEED TO KNOW?
... The first international debate develops within the international climate science community, and concerns two relationships: first, the actual and potential role of economic activity in producing and reducing greenhouse gas emissions; second, the changing relationship between mitigation and adaptatio ...
... The first international debate develops within the international climate science community, and concerns two relationships: first, the actual and potential role of economic activity in producing and reducing greenhouse gas emissions; second, the changing relationship between mitigation and adaptatio ...
Phenology of coastal upwelling in the California Current
... changes in the phenology of upwelling would affect predators and prey species similarly. For species with limited plasticity in their life histories, any substantial changes in the timing, intensity or duration of upwelling could be disruptive to their foraging, reproductive, or migratory success if ...
... changes in the phenology of upwelling would affect predators and prey species similarly. For species with limited plasticity in their life histories, any substantial changes in the timing, intensity or duration of upwelling could be disruptive to their foraging, reproductive, or migratory success if ...
Shaping Tomorrow Today: Near-Term Steps Towards Long
... On March 17–18, 2009, the RAND Frederick S. Pardee Center for Longer Range Global Policy and the Future Human Condition hosted a workshop called “Shaping Tomorrow Today: Near-Term Steps Towards Long-Term Goals.” The workshop gave policymakers and analysts an opportunity to explore new methods and to ...
... On March 17–18, 2009, the RAND Frederick S. Pardee Center for Longer Range Global Policy and the Future Human Condition hosted a workshop called “Shaping Tomorrow Today: Near-Term Steps Towards Long-Term Goals.” The workshop gave policymakers and analysts an opportunity to explore new methods and to ...
1.3 Definition of geo-engineering
... General rules of customary international law KM-5. State responsibility describes the rules governing the general conditions under which a state is responsible for wrongful actions or omissions, and the resulting legal consequences. Although the rules on state responsibility provide a general framew ...
... General rules of customary international law KM-5. State responsibility describes the rules governing the general conditions under which a state is responsible for wrongful actions or omissions, and the resulting legal consequences. Although the rules on state responsibility provide a general framew ...
Peatlands and Climate Change
... 21. Peatland restoration is growing in importance in Europe and North America and is likely to remain important over the next half century. It is also gaining recognition in tropical peatland areas where some of the greatest challenges exist following inappropriate and unsuccessful ...
... 21. Peatland restoration is growing in importance in Europe and North America and is likely to remain important over the next half century. It is also gaining recognition in tropical peatland areas where some of the greatest challenges exist following inappropriate and unsuccessful ...
Climate change impacts on fire regimes and key ecosystem services
... forest types in the Rocky Mountain region; (2) to review how these changes are likely to affect carbon sequestration, water resources, air quality, and biodiversity; and (3) to assess the suitability of four different management alternatives to mitigate these effects and maintain forest ecosystem se ...
... forest types in the Rocky Mountain region; (2) to review how these changes are likely to affect carbon sequestration, water resources, air quality, and biodiversity; and (3) to assess the suitability of four different management alternatives to mitigate these effects and maintain forest ecosystem se ...
Weather Risk Management in Light of Climate Change Using
... I cannot overstate my debt to my thesis advisors Professor Bernard Lehmann, Professor Jürg Fuhrer, and Professor Renate Schubert who continuously supported me during my time at the ETH Zurich. I am extremely grateful to Dr. Robert Finger who was a wise mentor and supported me in my endeavors of comp ...
... I cannot overstate my debt to my thesis advisors Professor Bernard Lehmann, Professor Jürg Fuhrer, and Professor Renate Schubert who continuously supported me during my time at the ETH Zurich. I am extremely grateful to Dr. Robert Finger who was a wise mentor and supported me in my endeavors of comp ...
Effects of global warming on humans
Climate change has brought about possibly permanent alterations to our planet’s geological, biological and ecological systems. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) contended in 2003 that “there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities”. These changes have led to the emergence of large-scale environmental hazards to human health, such as extreme weather, ozone depletion, increased danger of wildland fires, loss of biodiversity, stresses to food-producing systems and the global spread of infectious diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 160,000 deaths, since 1950, are directly attributable to climate change. Many believe this to be a conservative estimate.To date, a neglected aspect of the climate change debate, much less research has been conducted on the impacts of climate change on health, food supply, economic growth, migration, security, societal change, and public goods, such as drinking water, than on the geophysical changes related to global warming. Human impacts can be both negative and positive. Climatic changes in Siberia, for instance, are expected to improve food production and local economic activity, at least in the short to medium term. Numerous studies suggest, however, that the current and future impacts of climate change on human society are and will continue to be overwhelmingly negative.The majority of the adverse effects of climate change are experienced by poor and low-income communities around the world, who have much higher levels of vulnerability to environmental determinants of health, wealth and other factors, and much lower levels of capacity available for coping with environmental change. A report on the global human impact of climate change published by the Global Humanitarian Forum in 2009, estimated more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, and indicating that most climate change induced mortality is due to worsening floods and droughts in developing countries. This also raises questions of climate justice, since the 50 least developed countries of the world account for not more than 1% of worldwide emissions of greenhouse gases.