Author`s post-print - Cardiff Metropolitan University
... Incubating P. aeruginosa with 20% (w/v) artificial honey elicited the formation of greater biofilm biomass and activity than untreated controls (Fig. 1), which indicated that biofilm inhibition was not caused by the sugar content of honey alone. The effect of Medihoney™ in inhibiting established bio ...
... Incubating P. aeruginosa with 20% (w/v) artificial honey elicited the formation of greater biofilm biomass and activity than untreated controls (Fig. 1), which indicated that biofilm inhibition was not caused by the sugar content of honey alone. The effect of Medihoney™ in inhibiting established bio ...
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... APC/C to assemble ubiquitin chains with the specificity and efficiency required for tight cell-cycle control. INTRODUCTION In eukaryotes, the posttranslational modification of key regulators with ubiquitin chains plays a crucial role in almost every process (Kerscher et al., 2006). Ubiquitination ca ...
... APC/C to assemble ubiquitin chains with the specificity and efficiency required for tight cell-cycle control. INTRODUCTION In eukaryotes, the posttranslational modification of key regulators with ubiquitin chains plays a crucial role in almost every process (Kerscher et al., 2006). Ubiquitination ca ...
Identification of a Nuclear Export Signal in the Catalytic Subunit of
... (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0). ...
... (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0). ...
Auxin transport routes in plant development
... maxima or gradients between cells. Besides local biosynthesis and the release of active forms from inactive precursors, the major determinant of differential auxin distribution is its directional transport between cells. This regulated polar auxin transport (PAT) within plant tissues appears to be u ...
... maxima or gradients between cells. Besides local biosynthesis and the release of active forms from inactive precursors, the major determinant of differential auxin distribution is its directional transport between cells. This regulated polar auxin transport (PAT) within plant tissues appears to be u ...
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... reported normal axial patterning in embryos lacking pipetail/wnt5b [25]. Consequently, some current models of axis formation do not feature non-canonical Wnts or intracellular Ca2+ signaling [2]. Moreover, the mechanisms via which Ca2+ inhibits b-catenin in early embryos are not understood. GPCRs ha ...
... reported normal axial patterning in embryos lacking pipetail/wnt5b [25]. Consequently, some current models of axis formation do not feature non-canonical Wnts or intracellular Ca2+ signaling [2]. Moreover, the mechanisms via which Ca2+ inhibits b-catenin in early embryos are not understood. GPCRs ha ...
NUBBIN and JAGGED define stamen and carpel
... to promote the differentiation of adaxial cell types in the carpel walls, and in the establishment of the correct number of cell layers. The important role these two factors play in regulating organ growth is further demonstrated by gain-of-function experiments showing that ectopic NUB expression is ...
... to promote the differentiation of adaxial cell types in the carpel walls, and in the establishment of the correct number of cell layers. The important role these two factors play in regulating organ growth is further demonstrated by gain-of-function experiments showing that ectopic NUB expression is ...
SURVEY AND SUMMARY H1 histones
... histone H1 genes exist in human cells: replication-independent and replication-dependent genes. The replication-independent H1 genes, such as histone H1(0), exhibit a replacement phenotype (72). These replacement histone H1s are genomically isolated from other histone genes with transcription based ...
... histone H1 genes exist in human cells: replication-independent and replication-dependent genes. The replication-independent H1 genes, such as histone H1(0), exhibit a replacement phenotype (72). These replacement histone H1s are genomically isolated from other histone genes with transcription based ...
Post-Translational Modifications of the TAK1-TAB Complex
... activation induced by ionizing radiation [6]. Thus, accumulating evidence indicates that the multiple molecular mechanisms associated with the E3 ubiquitin ligases are involved in DNA damage-induced TAK1 activation. It has been reported that osmotic stress, hypoxia, and Wingless and int-1 (Wnt) sign ...
... activation induced by ionizing radiation [6]. Thus, accumulating evidence indicates that the multiple molecular mechanisms associated with the E3 ubiquitin ligases are involved in DNA damage-induced TAK1 activation. It has been reported that osmotic stress, hypoxia, and Wingless and int-1 (Wnt) sign ...
PATELLIN1/2 interact with CVL1 and CVP2 to regulate vascular
... The structure and function of vascular tissue In order for terrestrial plants to grow more than a few centimeters from the ground, evolution of specialized vascular tissue was required (Raven, 1993). The veins formed by the vascular tissue provide mechanical support and carry water from the parts of ...
... The structure and function of vascular tissue In order for terrestrial plants to grow more than a few centimeters from the ground, evolution of specialized vascular tissue was required (Raven, 1993). The veins formed by the vascular tissue provide mechanical support and carry water from the parts of ...
Calcium Oscillations and its Functional Significance in
... appeared that treatment of the hepatoma cells with high levels of ATP could activate Ca2+-dependent, enzymatic DNA cleavage and contribute to cell killing80, Uncontrolled steady-state rise of [Ca2+]i can also induce Ca2+dependent activation of several genes that characterize many types of acute leth ...
... appeared that treatment of the hepatoma cells with high levels of ATP could activate Ca2+-dependent, enzymatic DNA cleavage and contribute to cell killing80, Uncontrolled steady-state rise of [Ca2+]i can also induce Ca2+dependent activation of several genes that characterize many types of acute leth ...
PKC regulates the hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes through
... differential target specificities in vivo (Mochly-Rosen, 1995). A number of reports have associated PKC activation with either cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemic injury, or agonist stimulation. For example, hemodynamic pressure overload stimulation in rodents can promote efficient transloc ...
... differential target specificities in vivo (Mochly-Rosen, 1995). A number of reports have associated PKC activation with either cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemic injury, or agonist stimulation. For example, hemodynamic pressure overload stimulation in rodents can promote efficient transloc ...
Leukocyte lipid bodies — Biogenesis and functions in inflammation
... leukocytes revealed that different pathways in a stimulus-dependent fashion are activated to trigger leukocyte lipid body biogenesis. For instance, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and PAFlike molecules, but not lyso-PAF, acting via its G-protein-linked receptor induces lipid body formation via down ...
... leukocytes revealed that different pathways in a stimulus-dependent fashion are activated to trigger leukocyte lipid body biogenesis. For instance, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and PAFlike molecules, but not lyso-PAF, acting via its G-protein-linked receptor induces lipid body formation via down ...
Retention in the Golgi apparatus and expression on the cell surface
... and affected Fgf18 signalling in a similar manner to the fulllength Cfr, indicating that the interaction of Cfr with Fgfs on the cell surface is important for its function in Fgf signalling. These results suggest that the expression of Cfr in the Golgi apparatus and on the plasma membrane is finely ...
... and affected Fgf18 signalling in a similar manner to the fulllength Cfr, indicating that the interaction of Cfr with Fgfs on the cell surface is important for its function in Fgf signalling. These results suggest that the expression of Cfr in the Golgi apparatus and on the plasma membrane is finely ...
The RING Domain of Mdm2 Can Inhibit Cell
... from p53, ARF, and CBP/p300, Mdm2 has been found to directly associate with the retinoblastoma protein, E2F1, Numb, MTBP, p73, and ribosomal protein L5 (30, 31). Therefore, it is unlikely that p53 is the only physiological target of Mdm2. A homologue of Mdm2, Mdm4 (MdmX), although not a target of p5 ...
... from p53, ARF, and CBP/p300, Mdm2 has been found to directly associate with the retinoblastoma protein, E2F1, Numb, MTBP, p73, and ribosomal protein L5 (30, 31). Therefore, it is unlikely that p53 is the only physiological target of Mdm2. A homologue of Mdm2, Mdm4 (MdmX), although not a target of p5 ...
Lipolysis Exposes Unreactive Endogenous Apolipoprotein E-3
... under conditions identical to the lipolysis mixture except that lipoprotein lipase was absent and the albumin contained oleic acid (sodium salt) in amounts equivalent or double those expected to be generated during active lipolysis. The metabolism of these preparations remained unchanged when compar ...
... under conditions identical to the lipolysis mixture except that lipoprotein lipase was absent and the albumin contained oleic acid (sodium salt) in amounts equivalent or double those expected to be generated during active lipolysis. The metabolism of these preparations remained unchanged when compar ...
Stepwise Activation of BAX and BAK by tBID, BIM, and PUMA
... apoptosis. The permeabilization of the MOM not only couples the mitochondria to the activation of caspases but also initiates caspase-independent mitochondrial dysfunction (Cheng et al., 2001). The BCL-2 family proteins control a crucial checkpoint of apoptosis at the mitochondria (Cory and Adams, 2 ...
... apoptosis. The permeabilization of the MOM not only couples the mitochondria to the activation of caspases but also initiates caspase-independent mitochondrial dysfunction (Cheng et al., 2001). The BCL-2 family proteins control a crucial checkpoint of apoptosis at the mitochondria (Cory and Adams, 2 ...
The G-protein regulator LGN modulates the activity of the NO
... the presence of the NO scavenger oxyhaemoglobin and the GTP substrate, the sGC–NO complex decomposes with a half-life of the order of several seconds [9]; this decomposition correlates well with the loss of high cGMP-forming activity [10]. In cerebellar cells, however, the deactivation rate of sGC i ...
... the presence of the NO scavenger oxyhaemoglobin and the GTP substrate, the sGC–NO complex decomposes with a half-life of the order of several seconds [9]; this decomposition correlates well with the loss of high cGMP-forming activity [10]. In cerebellar cells, however, the deactivation rate of sGC i ...
Host cell interactions of outer membrane vesicle-associated
... factors cargoes, interactions with pathogenetically relevant human cells, and mechanisms of cell injury. We demonstrate that O157 OMVs carry a cocktail of key virulence factors of EHEC O157 including Shiga toxin 2a (Stx2a), cytolethal distending toxin V (CdtV), EHEC hemolysin, and flagellin. The tox ...
... factors cargoes, interactions with pathogenetically relevant human cells, and mechanisms of cell injury. We demonstrate that O157 OMVs carry a cocktail of key virulence factors of EHEC O157 including Shiga toxin 2a (Stx2a), cytolethal distending toxin V (CdtV), EHEC hemolysin, and flagellin. The tox ...
RECENT ADVANCES IN COTTON FIBER DEVELOPMENT
... fiber had a 61% share of the market for apparel and home textiles (Bearden, 2010), with synthetic fibers having most of the remaining market share. A similar demand for renewable cotton fiber occurs worldwide. A highly regulated cellular differentiation process governs the morphogenesis of the fiber ...
... fiber had a 61% share of the market for apparel and home textiles (Bearden, 2010), with synthetic fibers having most of the remaining market share. A similar demand for renewable cotton fiber occurs worldwide. A highly regulated cellular differentiation process governs the morphogenesis of the fiber ...
New insights into regulation of p53 protein degradation
... pathway [38, 40]. Further study suggested that NQO1 associates with the 20S proteasome, and that it prevents the degradation of proteins with unstructured regions, such as p53, p73 [33, 41], leads to stabilization of p53 and cellular protection [36]. Protein-protein interactions can protect p53 prot ...
... pathway [38, 40]. Further study suggested that NQO1 associates with the 20S proteasome, and that it prevents the degradation of proteins with unstructured regions, such as p53, p73 [33, 41], leads to stabilization of p53 and cellular protection [36]. Protein-protein interactions can protect p53 prot ...
Decision making by p53: life, death and cancer
... also dictate the ability of a particular type of stress to elicit apoptosis in a particular cell type. Another interesting case has to do with the Chk2 kinase. Chk2 was identified as responsible for phosphorylation of p53 on serine 20, a site implicated in p53 activation and stabilization following ...
... also dictate the ability of a particular type of stress to elicit apoptosis in a particular cell type. Another interesting case has to do with the Chk2 kinase. Chk2 was identified as responsible for phosphorylation of p53 on serine 20, a site implicated in p53 activation and stabilization following ...
Conserved features of cohesin binding along
... has not yet been studied. Mutations in human Scc2 are the cause of Cornelia de Lange syndrome, a severe developmental disorder, which has been taken to suggest a contribution of the Scc2/Scc4 complex, in conjunction with cohesin, to transcriptional regulation [27]. Chromosome segregation at anaphase ...
... has not yet been studied. Mutations in human Scc2 are the cause of Cornelia de Lange syndrome, a severe developmental disorder, which has been taken to suggest a contribution of the Scc2/Scc4 complex, in conjunction with cohesin, to transcriptional regulation [27]. Chromosome segregation at anaphase ...
The Presynaptic Microtubule Cytoskeleton in Physiological and
... postsynaptic dendritic spines, where it regulates spinogenesis and the structural plasticity observed in mature neurons in response to activity (Matus et al., 1982; Matus, 2000; Yuste and Bonhoeffer, 2004). In contrast, the presence and function of the synaptic microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton is barel ...
... postsynaptic dendritic spines, where it regulates spinogenesis and the structural plasticity observed in mature neurons in response to activity (Matus et al., 1982; Matus, 2000; Yuste and Bonhoeffer, 2004). In contrast, the presence and function of the synaptic microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton is barel ...
- Wiley Online Library
... involves self-limiting gastrointestinal symptoms in otherwise healthy individuals but can also develop into more systemic conditions, primarily affecting the brain as well as the fetus in pregnant women (Allerberger and Wagner, 2010). In such severe invasive cases, mortality rates of up to 30% have ...
... involves self-limiting gastrointestinal symptoms in otherwise healthy individuals but can also develop into more systemic conditions, primarily affecting the brain as well as the fetus in pregnant women (Allerberger and Wagner, 2010). In such severe invasive cases, mortality rates of up to 30% have ...
Functional analysis of parvin and different modes of IPP
... this insertion are both viable. Upon imprecise excision we obtained 110 lethal lines that were rescued to adult viability by the 7.2 kb, but not the 3.5 kb genomic construct of parvin–GFP (Fig. 1B). We focused on two excision lines, parvin251 and parvin694, harboring deletions only within the parvin ...
... this insertion are both viable. Upon imprecise excision we obtained 110 lethal lines that were rescued to adult viability by the 7.2 kb, but not the 3.5 kb genomic construct of parvin–GFP (Fig. 1B). We focused on two excision lines, parvin251 and parvin694, harboring deletions only within the parvin ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.