A Quasi-Static FDTD Approximation Reduces Computation Time
... Much of the work in modeling electric fields induced in tissue via changing magnetic fields [1,2] has used the method of moments technique. Here a quasi-static approximation to Maxwell’s equations is used, whereby it is assumed that the conduction currents in the tissue are much greater than the dis ...
... Much of the work in modeling electric fields induced in tissue via changing magnetic fields [1,2] has used the method of moments technique. Here a quasi-static approximation to Maxwell’s equations is used, whereby it is assumed that the conduction currents in the tissue are much greater than the dis ...
Studies on the Interaction Between Electromagnetic Fields and
... The study of the interactions between electromagnetic fields and living matter has become a fertile field for research in the last century, even though these phenomena have been empirically observed by various civilisations since ancient times (1, 2). Considerable experimental evidence today points ...
... The study of the interactions between electromagnetic fields and living matter has become a fertile field for research in the last century, even though these phenomena have been empirically observed by various civilisations since ancient times (1, 2). Considerable experimental evidence today points ...
Use of the perfect electric conductor boundary
... In this paper we present a computational electromagnetic simulation of a multiform diffractor placed at the center of an antenna array. Our approach is to solve Maxwell’s differential equations with a discrete space-time formulation, using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. The Perfect ...
... In this paper we present a computational electromagnetic simulation of a multiform diffractor placed at the center of an antenna array. Our approach is to solve Maxwell’s differential equations with a discrete space-time formulation, using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. The Perfect ...
1. Escape Velocity - John Chappell Natural Philosophy Society
... circular orbit. In the steady state, these tiny dipolar aether vortices will align with their neighbours according to two independent but superimposed principles. The first of these principles is that their rotation axes will mutually align and trace out solenoidal lines around a magnetic dipole. Th ...
... circular orbit. In the steady state, these tiny dipolar aether vortices will align with their neighbours according to two independent but superimposed principles. The first of these principles is that their rotation axes will mutually align and trace out solenoidal lines around a magnetic dipole. Th ...
electrical machines elec
... Machines with a dc supply are further divided into permanent magnet and wound field types, as shown in Figure 4.1. ...
... Machines with a dc supply are further divided into permanent magnet and wound field types, as shown in Figure 4.1. ...
Triple Science Physics P1,2,3
... Any one of Radio waves visible light waves microwaves Any one of X-ray gamma ray far infrared Both radio (waves) (1) and microwaves (1) can be detected on the Earth’s surface. Radio waves are not absorbed by the atmosphere As water is needed for life, if water is found then it gives poss ...
... Any one of Radio waves visible light waves microwaves Any one of X-ray gamma ray far infrared Both radio (waves) (1) and microwaves (1) can be detected on the Earth’s surface. Radio waves are not absorbed by the atmosphere As water is needed for life, if water is found then it gives poss ...
scalar energy - Paradigm Shift Now
... (In classical EM theory, an “aether” medium was dismissed as unnecessary since the electric and magnetic fields mutually propagate one another.) The website also argues that, given the “aether” and the vector potential, an electric field may be propagated without a magnetic field under some circumst ...
... (In classical EM theory, an “aether” medium was dismissed as unnecessary since the electric and magnetic fields mutually propagate one another.) The website also argues that, given the “aether” and the vector potential, an electric field may be propagated without a magnetic field under some circumst ...
22 Heat Transfer
... A black object absorbs energy well. An object that absorbs energy well is black. Both say the same thing, so both are equivalent. Both are untrue. Explanation: This is a cause-and-effect question. The color black doesn’t draw in and absorb energy. It’s the other way around—any object that does draw ...
... A black object absorbs energy well. An object that absorbs energy well is black. Both say the same thing, so both are equivalent. Both are untrue. Explanation: This is a cause-and-effect question. The color black doesn’t draw in and absorb energy. It’s the other way around—any object that does draw ...
scalar energy controversy
... identical? How do we know the resulting effective field is “scalar”? A bifilar coil, [see Glossery] using more simplified geometric windings, was used to determine the relative roles of quantum, potential, and EM fields. William Tiller of Stanford provided calculations for the strength of the magnet ...
... identical? How do we know the resulting effective field is “scalar”? A bifilar coil, [see Glossery] using more simplified geometric windings, was used to determine the relative roles of quantum, potential, and EM fields. William Tiller of Stanford provided calculations for the strength of the magnet ...
Living near High- Voltage Installations
... high-voltage lines carefully and responsibly. So in addition to the engineering and economic interests involved in a transmission network, TenneT makes allowance for the wider public interest. TenneT does this by being clear and transparent about the field strengths that actually occur with high-vol ...
... high-voltage lines carefully and responsibly. So in addition to the engineering and economic interests involved in a transmission network, TenneT makes allowance for the wider public interest. TenneT does this by being clear and transparent about the field strengths that actually occur with high-vol ...
the electromagnetic environment of hospitals: how it is affected by
... Although hospitals must pay attention to each component of the electromagnetic environment, the level of attention that needs to be devoted to each component differs. For example, the attention necessary to deal with problems with the electric power source is low, because the power sources currently ...
... Although hospitals must pay attention to each component of the electromagnetic environment, the level of attention that needs to be devoted to each component differs. For example, the attention necessary to deal with problems with the electric power source is low, because the power sources currently ...
Calculation of the Electromagnetic Field Around a Microtubule
... the question arises whether there is any physical foundation for phase synchronized oscillations of many dipoles which manifests as a single giant dipole. In fact, similar behavior (giant dipole like oscillation [17]) might be obtained if the oscillation of MT were of zero wave number mode. In the c ...
... the question arises whether there is any physical foundation for phase synchronized oscillations of many dipoles which manifests as a single giant dipole. In fact, similar behavior (giant dipole like oscillation [17]) might be obtained if the oscillation of MT were of zero wave number mode. In the c ...
Radio Waves – Part III: The Photoelectric Effect
... be: (i) longitudinal waves of compression in aether (like sound in air); (ii) transverse waves of aether (like water waves); (iii) transverse electric waves (because Hertz called them so); (iv) transverse electromagnetic waves (Maxwell’s theory). There were other adjacent shortcomings, an example of ...
... be: (i) longitudinal waves of compression in aether (like sound in air); (ii) transverse waves of aether (like water waves); (iii) transverse electric waves (because Hertz called them so); (iv) transverse electromagnetic waves (Maxwell’s theory). There were other adjacent shortcomings, an example of ...
26. Electromagnetic Wave Theory and Applications
... rise times larger than 50 picoseconds and propagation distance longer than 1 centimeter. In model (3), we present an effective method which is based upon the wave transmission matrices of networks and the fast Fourier transform to analyze the propagation of the transient signals. Numerical results o ...
... rise times larger than 50 picoseconds and propagation distance longer than 1 centimeter. In model (3), we present an effective method which is based upon the wave transmission matrices of networks and the fast Fourier transform to analyze the propagation of the transient signals. Numerical results o ...
Electromagnetic radiation
Electromagnetic radiation (EM radiation or EMR) is the radiant energy released by certain electromagnetic processes. Visible light is one type of electromagnetic radiation, other familiar forms are invisible electromagnetic radiations such as radio waves, infrared light and X rays.Classically, electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagnetic waves, which are synchronized oscillations of electric and magnetic fields that propagate at the speed of light through a vacuum. The oscillations of the two fields are perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the direction of energy and wave propagation, forming a transverse wave. Electromagnetic waves can be characterized by either the frequency or wavelength of their oscillations to form the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes, in order of increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength: radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays.Electromagnetic waves are produced whenever charged particles are accelerated, and these waves can subsequently interact with any charged particles. EM waves carry energy, momentum and angular momentum away from their source particle and can impart those quantities to matter with which they interact. Quanta of EM waves are called photons, which are massless, but they are still affected by gravity. Electromagnetic radiation is associated with those EM waves that are free to propagate themselves (""radiate"") without the continuing influence of the moving charges that produced them, because they have achieved sufficient distance from those charges. Thus, EMR is sometimes referred to as the far field. In this jargon, the near field refers to EM fields near the charges and current that directly produced them, specifically, electromagnetic induction and electrostatic induction phenomena.In the quantum theory of electromagnetism, EMR consists of photons, the elementary particles responsible for all electromagnetic interactions. Quantum effects provide additional sources of EMR, such as the transition of electrons to lower energy levels in an atom and black-body radiation. The energy of an individual photon is quantized and is greater for photons of higher frequency. This relationship is given by Planck's equation E=hν, where E is the energy per photon, ν is the frequency of the photon, and h is Planck's constant. A single gamma ray photon, for example, might carry ~100,000 times the energy of a single photon of visible light.The effects of EMR upon biological systems (and also to many other chemical systems, under standard conditions) depend both upon the radiation's power and its frequency. For EMR of visible frequencies or lower (i.e., radio, microwave, infrared), the damage done to cells and other materials is determined mainly by power and caused primarily by heating effects from the combined energy transfer of many photons. By contrast, for ultraviolet and higher frequencies (i.e., X-rays and gamma rays), chemical materials and living cells can be further damaged beyond that done by simple heating, since individual photons of such high frequency have enough energy to cause direct molecular damage.