PLUTO - Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern
... After 10 years and more than 3 billion miles (Fig. 10), on a historic voyage that has already taken it over the storms and around the moons of Jupiter, New Horizons will shed light on new kinds of worlds we've only just discovered on the outskirts of the solar system (NASA, New Horizons web page). ...
... After 10 years and more than 3 billion miles (Fig. 10), on a historic voyage that has already taken it over the storms and around the moons of Jupiter, New Horizons will shed light on new kinds of worlds we've only just discovered on the outskirts of the solar system (NASA, New Horizons web page). ...
Analysis of Angular Momentum in Planetary Systems and Host Stars
... Main Sequence host stars range from 0.6 to 1.7 solar masses, and their angular momenta are shown to agree well with previous studies of stellar angular momentum, generally falling on or below the appropriate power law, and exhibiting detection method biases. The systems’ angular momenta, including ...
... Main Sequence host stars range from 0.6 to 1.7 solar masses, and their angular momenta are shown to agree well with previous studies of stellar angular momentum, generally falling on or below the appropriate power law, and exhibiting detection method biases. The systems’ angular momenta, including ...
Stars and Planets Credits and Acknowledgements
... • Many more low mass (cool) stars are born than high mass (hot) stars. Lifetimes of Stars: In this activity, students return to the concept of a scale model to make a scale model of time rather than distance. The lifetimes of different masses of stars are compared to each other and to the geologic t ...
... • Many more low mass (cool) stars are born than high mass (hot) stars. Lifetimes of Stars: In this activity, students return to the concept of a scale model to make a scale model of time rather than distance. The lifetimes of different masses of stars are compared to each other and to the geologic t ...
azu_etd_13224_sip1_m
... Within the last 20 years, and particularly during the time I have been in graduate school, the search for and discovery of planets outside of our Solar System has accelerated dramatically, exposing the great diversity in the outcomes of planet formation and evolution within our Galaxy. The raw mater ...
... Within the last 20 years, and particularly during the time I have been in graduate school, the search for and discovery of planets outside of our Solar System has accelerated dramatically, exposing the great diversity in the outcomes of planet formation and evolution within our Galaxy. The raw mater ...
Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Exoplanets: a First Look from the
... et al. 1989; Wolszczan & Frail 1992; Mayor & Queloz 1995). Results from the NASA Kepler satellite indicate that main-sequence stars on average host, at a minimum, about one planet per star (Fressin et al. 2013; Dressing & Charbonneau 2013). For the first time in human history, we have incontrovertib ...
... et al. 1989; Wolszczan & Frail 1992; Mayor & Queloz 1995). Results from the NASA Kepler satellite indicate that main-sequence stars on average host, at a minimum, about one planet per star (Fressin et al. 2013; Dressing & Charbonneau 2013). For the first time in human history, we have incontrovertib ...
Dawes Review. The tidal downsizing hypothesis of planet formation
... In terms of numbers, ∼ 90% of planets are those less massive than ∼ 20 M⊕ (Mayor et al., 2011; Howard et al., 2012). These smaller planets tend to be dominated by massive solid cores with gas envelopes accounting for a small fraction of their mass budget only, from tiny (like on Earth) to ∼ 10%. The ...
... In terms of numbers, ∼ 90% of planets are those less massive than ∼ 20 M⊕ (Mayor et al., 2011; Howard et al., 2012). These smaller planets tend to be dominated by massive solid cores with gas envelopes accounting for a small fraction of their mass budget only, from tiny (like on Earth) to ∼ 10%. The ...
Lightning climatology of exoplanets and brown dwarfs guided by
... Clouds form on extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs where lightning could occur. Lightning is a tracer of atmospheric convection, cloud formation and ionization processes as known from the Solar system, and may be significant for the formation of prebiotic molecules. We study lightning climatology fo ...
... Clouds form on extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs where lightning could occur. Lightning is a tracer of atmospheric convection, cloud formation and ionization processes as known from the Solar system, and may be significant for the formation of prebiotic molecules. We study lightning climatology fo ...
MPhil Thesis - Final - Suzanne Knight
... white dwarfs, giant planets have nevertheless been detected, such as the confirmed ~ 2.5 MJup planetary companion at a distance ~ 43 AU from its primary located in the 2M1207 system (Sigurdsson et al. 2003; Chauvin et al. 2005; Zhou et al. 2012). With an effective temperature (Teff) ≤ 6000 K, cool w ...
... white dwarfs, giant planets have nevertheless been detected, such as the confirmed ~ 2.5 MJup planetary companion at a distance ~ 43 AU from its primary located in the 2M1207 system (Sigurdsson et al. 2003; Chauvin et al. 2005; Zhou et al. 2012). With an effective temperature (Teff) ≤ 6000 K, cool w ...
Downloaded - Royal Society Open Science
... Decades of unsuccessful attempts to find planets around other Sun-like stars preceded the unexpected 1992 discovery of planetary bodies orbiting a pulsar [1,2]. The three planets around the millisecond pulsar PSR B1257+12 were the first confidently reported extrasolar planets to withstand enduring s ...
... Decades of unsuccessful attempts to find planets around other Sun-like stars preceded the unexpected 1992 discovery of planetary bodies orbiting a pulsar [1,2]. The three planets around the millisecond pulsar PSR B1257+12 were the first confidently reported extrasolar planets to withstand enduring s ...
TWO NEW LONG-PERIOD GIANT PLANETS FROM THE
... We report the detection of two new long-period giant planets orbiting the stars HD95872 and HD162004 (y1 Dra B) by the McDonald Observatory planet search. The planet HD95872b has a minimum mass of 4.6MJup and an orbital semimajor axis of 5.2 AU. The giant planet y1 Dra Bb has a minimum mass of 1 ...
... We report the detection of two new long-period giant planets orbiting the stars HD95872 and HD162004 (y1 Dra B) by the McDonald Observatory planet search. The planet HD95872b has a minimum mass of 4.6MJup and an orbital semimajor axis of 5.2 AU. The giant planet y1 Dra Bb has a minimum mass of 1 ...
Worlds Beyond: A Strategy for the Detection and Characterization of
... The first of these uses optical and near-infrared doppler spectroscopic (radial velocity) and transit surveys from the ground, possibly supplemented by a space-based transit survey if needed, to find M-dwarf planets approaching the size/mass of the Earth that can be characterized with Spitzer (even ...
... The first of these uses optical and near-infrared doppler spectroscopic (radial velocity) and transit surveys from the ground, possibly supplemented by a space-based transit survey if needed, to find M-dwarf planets approaching the size/mass of the Earth that can be characterized with Spitzer (even ...
Full Program with Abstracts - CIERA
... planets and planetary systems orbiting main sequence stars. Exoplanet discoveries spill into the thousands, and the sensitivity boundaries continue to expand. NASA's Kepler Mission unveiled a galaxy replete with small planets and revealed populations that don't exist in our own solar system. The mis ...
... planets and planetary systems orbiting main sequence stars. Exoplanet discoveries spill into the thousands, and the sensitivity boundaries continue to expand. NASA's Kepler Mission unveiled a galaxy replete with small planets and revealed populations that don't exist in our own solar system. The mis ...
Comprehensive Wide-Band Magnitudes and Albedos for the Planets
... The absolute magnitude for a planet is that corresponding to full solar illumination of the disk when the observer and the Sun are at a distance of one AU. Many astronomical reference volumes, textbooks and journal articles list characteristic values of the absolute planetary magnitudes which are re ...
... The absolute magnitude for a planet is that corresponding to full solar illumination of the disk when the observer and the Sun are at a distance of one AU. Many astronomical reference volumes, textbooks and journal articles list characteristic values of the absolute planetary magnitudes which are re ...
A new method to determine the mean density of massive Solar
... effect on each other, this effect is possible to neglect, as it is low due to the relatively small masses of most bodies and owing to the large distances between them. The same is valid for the influence that moons have on the densities of their primaries. For another thing, primaries formed before ...
... effect on each other, this effect is possible to neglect, as it is low due to the relatively small masses of most bodies and owing to the large distances between them. The same is valid for the influence that moons have on the densities of their primaries. For another thing, primaries formed before ...
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... closely matching names of planets. The country of origin of that is probably ancient Babylon, where astronomy was highly developed. Five planets inherited from Babylon and Egypt by Greece, then by Romans and finally by our civilization, stayed with us for long years, as long as 15th century. That is ...
... closely matching names of planets. The country of origin of that is probably ancient Babylon, where astronomy was highly developed. Five planets inherited from Babylon and Egypt by Greece, then by Romans and finally by our civilization, stayed with us for long years, as long as 15th century. That is ...
Formation of the Solar System
... orbit around their common center of mass. • The Sun therefore wobbles around that center of mass with the same period as Jupiter. © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley ...
... orbit around their common center of mass. • The Sun therefore wobbles around that center of mass with the same period as Jupiter. © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley ...
Kepler Mission
... the ecliptic plane in order for it to not be blocked by the Sun or Moon during its course. As the spacecraft orbits the Sun, it experiences a 90-degree turn every three months, the only movement the spacecraft actually undertakes, so that the solar panels can continue to face the Sun while the photo ...
... the ecliptic plane in order for it to not be blocked by the Sun or Moon during its course. As the spacecraft orbits the Sun, it experiences a 90-degree turn every three months, the only movement the spacecraft actually undertakes, so that the solar panels can continue to face the Sun while the photo ...
SPIRou Science Case
... exoplanets & exoplanetary systems, engaging the imagination not just of the astronomical community but of the general population. Since the pioneering discovery of a giant planet around 51 Peg (Mayor & Queloz 1995, Nature 378, 355), about 1,000 extra-solar planets have now been detected, revolutioni ...
... exoplanets & exoplanetary systems, engaging the imagination not just of the astronomical community but of the general population. Since the pioneering discovery of a giant planet around 51 Peg (Mayor & Queloz 1995, Nature 378, 355), about 1,000 extra-solar planets have now been detected, revolutioni ...
Astronomical Circumstances
... Stars whose masses differ greatly from that of the sun may have much different fates. For example, small stars Once its hydrogen fuel is mostly consumed, a medium do not go through the giant stage but simply collapse sized star like our own will expand outward to become a into white dwarves after t ...
... Stars whose masses differ greatly from that of the sun may have much different fates. For example, small stars Once its hydrogen fuel is mostly consumed, a medium do not go through the giant stage but simply collapse sized star like our own will expand outward to become a into white dwarves after t ...
Astronomy 150 The Planets
... map and writing a description of a selected region of the Moon. Our materials will be the same primary data the Apollo program scientists used when they were first trying to both understand the lunar surface and find interesting landing spots for the Apollo missions. The photographs are from the Lun ...
... map and writing a description of a selected region of the Moon. Our materials will be the same primary data the Apollo program scientists used when they were first trying to both understand the lunar surface and find interesting landing spots for the Apollo missions. The photographs are from the Lun ...
TOPS: Toward Other Planetary
... pied human thought ask about the prevalence of planetary systems throughout the universe, the nature of those systems, and the likelihood that other planets have given birth to life, even advanced and intelligent forms of life. We live in a remarkable time, when human beings, after thousands of year ...
... pied human thought ask about the prevalence of planetary systems throughout the universe, the nature of those systems, and the likelihood that other planets have given birth to life, even advanced and intelligent forms of life. We live in a remarkable time, when human beings, after thousands of year ...
What did we learn from transiting planets?
... to harbor planets (PSR B1620-26 b, PSR B1719-14 b) ...
... to harbor planets (PSR B1620-26 b, PSR B1719-14 b) ...
Superstars of Astronomy: Debra Fischer transcript
... hotter cottage industry than exoplanets. There’s so much excitement and interest in them, so this is really going to be a special talk. We now know of more than 1,800 exoplanets. Kepler has produced an additional 2,900 candidates. The pace of discoveries is really dizzying. It’s one of those things ...
... hotter cottage industry than exoplanets. There’s so much excitement and interest in them, so this is really going to be a special talk. We now know of more than 1,800 exoplanets. Kepler has produced an additional 2,900 candidates. The pace of discoveries is really dizzying. It’s one of those things ...
Planet
A planet (from Ancient Greek ἀστήρ πλανήτης (astēr planētēs), or πλάνης ἀστήρ (plánēs astēr), meaning ""wandering star"") is an astronomical object orbiting a star, brown dwarf, or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.The term planet is ancient, with ties to history, science, mythology, and religion. Several planets in the Solar System can be seen with the naked eye. These were regarded by many early cultures as divine, or as emissaries of deities. As scientific knowledge advanced, human perception of the planets changed, incorporating a number of disparate objects. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System. This definition is controversial because it excludes many objects of planetary mass based on where or what they orbit. Although eight of the planetary bodies discovered before 1950 remain ""planets"" under the modern definition, some celestial bodies, such as Ceres, Pallas, Juno, Vesta (each an object in the solar asteroid belt), and Pluto (the first trans-Neptunian object discovered), that were once considered planets by the scientific community are no longer viewed as such.The planets were thought by Ptolemy to orbit Earth in deferent and epicycle motions. Although the idea that the planets orbited the Sun had been suggested many times, it was not until the 17th century that this view was supported by evidence from the first telescopic astronomical observations, performed by Galileo Galilei. By careful analysis of the observation data, Johannes Kepler found the planets' orbits were not circular but elliptical. As observational tools improved, astronomers saw that, like Earth, the planets rotated around tilted axes, and some shared such features as ice caps and seasons. Since the dawn of the Space Age, close observation by space probes has found that Earth and the other planets share characteristics such as volcanism, hurricanes, tectonics, and even hydrology.Planets are generally divided into two main types: large low-density giant planets, and smaller rocky terrestrials. Under IAU definitions, there are eight planets in the Solar System. In order of increasing distance from the Sun, they are the four terrestrials, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, then the four giant planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Six of the planets are orbited by one or more natural satellites.More than a thousand planets around other stars (""extrasolar planets"" or ""exoplanets"") have been discovered in the Milky Way: as of 1 October 2015, 1968 known extrasolar planets in 1248 planetary systems (including 490 multiple planetary systems), ranging in size from just above the size of the Moon to gas giants about twice as large as Jupiter. On December 20, 2011, the Kepler Space Telescope team reported the discovery of the first Earth-sized extrasolar planets, Kepler-20e and Kepler-20f, orbiting a Sun-like star, Kepler-20. A 2012 study, analyzing gravitational microlensing data, estimates an average of at least 1.6 bound planets for every star in the Milky Way.Around one in five Sun-like stars is thought to have an Earth-sized planet in its habitable zone.