doc Nerve and synapses
... -Many types of neurotransmitters interact mainly or entirely with metabotropic receptors. These substances, such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine, as well as neuropeptides like substance Y and endorphins, are often referred to as neuromodulators. They are not directly involved in the fast f ...
... -Many types of neurotransmitters interact mainly or entirely with metabotropic receptors. These substances, such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine, as well as neuropeptides like substance Y and endorphins, are often referred to as neuromodulators. They are not directly involved in the fast f ...
Study Questions - Nervous System
... 8. Motor neurons can be very long cells because the cell body is always located ___________________ and the axon is located ____________________. (Fig 11.2) 9. About 80% of the cells in the nervous system are _________________ cells that (circle one) do/do not transmit impulses. One example of this ...
... 8. Motor neurons can be very long cells because the cell body is always located ___________________ and the axon is located ____________________. (Fig 11.2) 9. About 80% of the cells in the nervous system are _________________ cells that (circle one) do/do not transmit impulses. One example of this ...
nervous system
... meets another cell • Pre/Post synaptic cell Signal molecules that bind to receptor proteins on the postsynaptic cleft and interact wit the postsynaptic cell • Can excite or inhibit the activity of a cell it binds to ...
... meets another cell • Pre/Post synaptic cell Signal molecules that bind to receptor proteins on the postsynaptic cleft and interact wit the postsynaptic cell • Can excite or inhibit the activity of a cell it binds to ...
steps in nerve impulse transmission
... 1. Neurotransmitters (NT) are chemicals released from one neuron at the presynaptic nerve terminal. 2. NT then cross the synapse where they may be accepted by the next neuron at a specialized site called a receptor 3. The action that follows activation of a receptor site may be either depolarizati ...
... 1. Neurotransmitters (NT) are chemicals released from one neuron at the presynaptic nerve terminal. 2. NT then cross the synapse where they may be accepted by the next neuron at a specialized site called a receptor 3. The action that follows activation of a receptor site may be either depolarizati ...
CHAPTER 10
... Graded means that the degree of change in the resting potential is directly proportional to the intensity of the stimulation. For example, if the membrane is being depolarized, the greater the stimulus, the greater the depolarization. If neurons are depolarized sufficiently, the membrane potential r ...
... Graded means that the degree of change in the resting potential is directly proportional to the intensity of the stimulation. For example, if the membrane is being depolarized, the greater the stimulus, the greater the depolarization. If neurons are depolarized sufficiently, the membrane potential r ...
Madison Pejsa Pd.4
... control of the reflexes and such essential internal mechanisms as respiration and heartbeat. Cerebellum- A large portion of the brain, serving to coordinate voluntary movements, posture, and balance in humans, being in back of and below the cerebrum and consisting of two lateral lobes and a central ...
... control of the reflexes and such essential internal mechanisms as respiration and heartbeat. Cerebellum- A large portion of the brain, serving to coordinate voluntary movements, posture, and balance in humans, being in back of and below the cerebrum and consisting of two lateral lobes and a central ...
Threshold Stimulus
... depolarization. __________ stimuli do not cause depolarization. • “_________________________ principle” - neuron depolarizes to its maximum ...
... depolarization. __________ stimuli do not cause depolarization. • “_________________________ principle” - neuron depolarizes to its maximum ...
Nervous and Endocrine System
... Dendrites – receive the nerve impulse Nucleus – controls all activities of the cell Axon Terminals release neurotransmitters into the synapse Nerve impulses travel from the dendrite through the cell to the axon terminal (one direction only) Nerve impulses travel through the cell as electrica ...
... Dendrites – receive the nerve impulse Nucleus – controls all activities of the cell Axon Terminals release neurotransmitters into the synapse Nerve impulses travel from the dendrite through the cell to the axon terminal (one direction only) Nerve impulses travel through the cell as electrica ...
The Nervous System
... •During stimulation, often by a neurotransmitter, the sodium channel will open, allowing sodium ions to flow into the cell. •This will change the polarity of the neuron locally, an event called depolarization. Locally the inside is now more positive and the outside less positive. This is called a g ...
... •During stimulation, often by a neurotransmitter, the sodium channel will open, allowing sodium ions to flow into the cell. •This will change the polarity of the neuron locally, an event called depolarization. Locally the inside is now more positive and the outside less positive. This is called a g ...
Study Guide Chapter 10 in Fox
... Most sensory receptors are either ______________ or _______________ These receptors receive some form of ___________ and convert it into action potentials. Because they convert energy from one form to another, receptors are called ____________ Different forms of sensations are often called__________ ...
... Most sensory receptors are either ______________ or _______________ These receptors receive some form of ___________ and convert it into action potentials. Because they convert energy from one form to another, receptors are called ____________ Different forms of sensations are often called__________ ...
BIOLOGY 3201
... 6. _?_ carry information from receptor cells to the CNS. 7. _?_ carry information from the CNS to effectors like muscles. 8. Modulators of the CNS are composed of these type neurons. 9. Nerves always fire with the same intensity. Either they fire or they don’t. This notion is referred to as the ___? ...
... 6. _?_ carry information from receptor cells to the CNS. 7. _?_ carry information from the CNS to effectors like muscles. 8. Modulators of the CNS are composed of these type neurons. 9. Nerves always fire with the same intensity. Either they fire or they don’t. This notion is referred to as the ___? ...
“The Physiology of Excitable Cells”
... fast supercomputer, we simulate the motion of 26 potassium ions and 26 chloride ions interacting through the intermolecular potential. Here we apply a potential difference across the channel such that inside is positive with respect to outside. The motion of each ion during each discrete time step i ...
... fast supercomputer, we simulate the motion of 26 potassium ions and 26 chloride ions interacting through the intermolecular potential. Here we apply a potential difference across the channel such that inside is positive with respect to outside. The motion of each ion during each discrete time step i ...
The Other Senses
... • Baroreceptors − monitor pressure changes − free nerve endings found in: • blood vessels • tubes of respiratory, digestive, and urinary tracts • Chemoreceptors − detect small changes in specific chemical or compound ...
... • Baroreceptors − monitor pressure changes − free nerve endings found in: • blood vessels • tubes of respiratory, digestive, and urinary tracts • Chemoreceptors − detect small changes in specific chemical or compound ...
Document
... Sensory Integration • Levels of neural integration in sensory systems: 1. Receptor level—the sensor receptors 2. Circuit level—ascending pathways 3. Perceptual level—neuronal circuits in the cerebral cortex ...
... Sensory Integration • Levels of neural integration in sensory systems: 1. Receptor level—the sensor receptors 2. Circuit level—ascending pathways 3. Perceptual level—neuronal circuits in the cerebral cortex ...
Nervous and Immune Systems
... Taste, smell, solute concentration (osmoreceptors), glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide Photoreceptors: receptors that respond to different wavelengths of light ...
... Taste, smell, solute concentration (osmoreceptors), glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide Photoreceptors: receptors that respond to different wavelengths of light ...
Nervous System - Cloudfront.net
... Neuron Structure Neurons are composed of dendrites that receive signals, a cell body with a nucleus, and an axon that conducts a nerve impulse away. Sensory neurons take information from sensory receptors to the CNS. Interneurons occur within the CNS and integrate input (nonmyelinated). Motor neuro ...
... Neuron Structure Neurons are composed of dendrites that receive signals, a cell body with a nucleus, and an axon that conducts a nerve impulse away. Sensory neurons take information from sensory receptors to the CNS. Interneurons occur within the CNS and integrate input (nonmyelinated). Motor neuro ...
The Nervous System
... • 2. caused by change in local ion gates • 3. change brought about by several possible stimulus sources • 4. chemical, voltage changes, temperature, mechanical stimulation • 5. may be excitatory or inhibitory • 6. conducted but in a decremental manner ...
... • 2. caused by change in local ion gates • 3. change brought about by several possible stimulus sources • 4. chemical, voltage changes, temperature, mechanical stimulation • 5. may be excitatory or inhibitory • 6. conducted but in a decremental manner ...
Graded Potential - wquerryeducation
... - Pyrethrin insecticides disable inactivation gates of Na+ channels so that they permanently remain open. In neurons poisoned with pyrethrins what would you predict would happen to the membrane potential – explain? ...
... - Pyrethrin insecticides disable inactivation gates of Na+ channels so that they permanently remain open. In neurons poisoned with pyrethrins what would you predict would happen to the membrane potential – explain? ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
... 1. The parts of the vertebrate eye include the sclera, the choroids, and the retina. The sclera includes the white of the eye and the cornea. The choroid includes blood vessels, lens, iris, and pupil. The retina is a layer of photoreceptors at the back of the eye. Most of the eye’s volume is filled ...
... 1. The parts of the vertebrate eye include the sclera, the choroids, and the retina. The sclera includes the white of the eye and the cornea. The choroid includes blood vessels, lens, iris, and pupil. The retina is a layer of photoreceptors at the back of the eye. Most of the eye’s volume is filled ...
Stimulus (physiology)
In physiology, a stimulus (plural stimuli) is a detectable change in the internal or external environment. The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity. When a stimulus is applied to a sensory receptor, it normally elicits or influences a reflex via stimulus transduction. These sensory receptors can receive information from outside the body, as in touch receptors found in the skin or light receptors in the eye, as well as from inside the body, as in chemoreceptors and mechanorceptors. An internal stimulus is often the first component of a homeostatic control system. External stimuli are capable of producing systemic responses throughout the body, as in the fight-or-flight response. In order for a stimulus to be detected with high probability, its level must exceed the absolute threshold; if a signal does reach threshold, the information is transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), where it is integrated and a decision on how to react is made. Although stimuli commonly cause the body to respond, it is the CNS that finally determines whether a signal causes a reaction or not.