individual variation in mammals
... obtained). However, in practice, because variance components sometimes have large sampling errors, the among-individual variance component may fall outside its theoretical limits and have a negative value (indicating that the best estimate for repeatability is zero). A misspecified statistical model ...
... obtained). However, in practice, because variance components sometimes have large sampling errors, the among-individual variance component may fall outside its theoretical limits and have a negative value (indicating that the best estimate for repeatability is zero). A misspecified statistical model ...
The role of linkage disequilibrium in the evolution of
... ‘population’ of individuals connected by gene flow), but recombination has no effect because there is no other underlying species-specific trait with which the marker must become associated. In instances similar to this one, the distinction between one-allele and two-allele models of speciation is n ...
... ‘population’ of individuals connected by gene flow), but recombination has no effect because there is no other underlying species-specific trait with which the marker must become associated. In instances similar to this one, the distinction between one-allele and two-allele models of speciation is n ...
GENES, ENVIRONMENTS, AND CONCEPTS OF BIOLOGICAL
... But they did not use the Greek equivalent of the term ‘inheritance’ to talk about these processes – they did not use the inheritance words to express the concept of inheritanceF. Terms like ‘inheritance’, ‘inherited’ and ‘heritable’ (or their cognates) were adopted to talk about biological phenomen ...
... But they did not use the Greek equivalent of the term ‘inheritance’ to talk about these processes – they did not use the inheritance words to express the concept of inheritanceF. Terms like ‘inheritance’, ‘inherited’ and ‘heritable’ (or their cognates) were adopted to talk about biological phenomen ...
How Can Evolutionary Psychology Successfully Explain Personality
... male who cannot afford to produce high-quality signals as a short-term mate, for example, might shift to a life-history strategy of heavy investment in one lone-term committed mateship. Even the decision of how much energy to expend on costly signals is a life-history decision, suggesting that costl ...
... male who cannot afford to produce high-quality signals as a short-term mate, for example, might shift to a life-history strategy of heavy investment in one lone-term committed mateship. Even the decision of how much energy to expend on costly signals is a life-history decision, suggesting that costl ...
The polymorphic prelude to Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller
... individuals have genetic backgrounds that are naturally heterogeneous owing to genetic mixing of different ancestral populations or incipient species. Balancing selection: natural selection that acts to maintain polymorphism within a population, such as by rare-allele advantage (frequency-dependent ...
... individuals have genetic backgrounds that are naturally heterogeneous owing to genetic mixing of different ancestral populations or incipient species. Balancing selection: natural selection that acts to maintain polymorphism within a population, such as by rare-allele advantage (frequency-dependent ...
Chapter 4 The remedy to genetic erosion problems
... deviation (deviation of the heterozygote mean from the mean of the homozygotes) and the summation is over all polymorphic loci with genotypes differing in their impacts on the quantitative traits (reproductive fitness in the current context). The 2piqi term is reduced by a history of small populatio ...
... deviation (deviation of the heterozygote mean from the mean of the homozygotes) and the summation is over all polymorphic loci with genotypes differing in their impacts on the quantitative traits (reproductive fitness in the current context). The 2piqi term is reduced by a history of small populatio ...
full text pdf
... The conceptualization of natural selection by Elliott Sober has had an enormous influence on both philosophers of biology and professional biologists1. He addresses, in his work The Nature of Selection2, the issues of how to understand and explain natural selection. This position has become known as ...
... The conceptualization of natural selection by Elliott Sober has had an enormous influence on both philosophers of biology and professional biologists1. He addresses, in his work The Nature of Selection2, the issues of how to understand and explain natural selection. This position has become known as ...
Chapter 13
... He proposed that acquired characteristics could be passed on to offspring. Example: Giraffes have long necks because their ancestors stretched to reach leaves in trees. Lamarck was wrong, but his ideas stimulated thought about evolution. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission r ...
... He proposed that acquired characteristics could be passed on to offspring. Example: Giraffes have long necks because their ancestors stretched to reach leaves in trees. Lamarck was wrong, but his ideas stimulated thought about evolution. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission r ...
Convergence, Adaptation, and Constraint The Harvard community
... phenomenon, yet one whose interpretation is not clearcut. Many see in convergent evolution the unfettered ability of natural selection to produce optimal solutions to problems repeatedly posed by the environment. By contrast, others see in it constraints on the evolutionary process resulting from bi ...
... phenomenon, yet one whose interpretation is not clearcut. Many see in convergent evolution the unfettered ability of natural selection to produce optimal solutions to problems repeatedly posed by the environment. By contrast, others see in it constraints on the evolutionary process resulting from bi ...
Magic traits - Nosil Lab of Evolutionary Biology
... each of these points in turn. In general, definitions of biological phenomena are not conditioned on effect size, which would entail arbitrary cutoffs. For example, natural selection is defined as differences between individuals, based upon their traits, in viability or fecundity; this definition is ...
... each of these points in turn. In general, definitions of biological phenomena are not conditioned on effect size, which would entail arbitrary cutoffs. For example, natural selection is defined as differences between individuals, based upon their traits, in viability or fecundity; this definition is ...
Unit 6 Portfolio
... A heritable trait that increases fitness is called an adaptive heritable trait. Individuals with an adaptive heritable trait generally produce more offspring than individuals that do not have this trait. For example, on gray sand, gray fur color is an adaptive heritable trait which allows mice to su ...
... A heritable trait that increases fitness is called an adaptive heritable trait. Individuals with an adaptive heritable trait generally produce more offspring than individuals that do not have this trait. For example, on gray sand, gray fur color is an adaptive heritable trait which allows mice to su ...
Genome-wide scans for loci under selection in
... Natural selection, which can be defined as the differential contribution of genetic variants to future generations, is the driving force of Darwinian evolution. Identifying regions of the human genome that have been targets of natural selection is an important step in clarifying human evolutionary hi ...
... Natural selection, which can be defined as the differential contribution of genetic variants to future generations, is the driving force of Darwinian evolution. Identifying regions of the human genome that have been targets of natural selection is an important step in clarifying human evolutionary hi ...
How to Carry Out the Adaptationist Program? Ernst Mayr The
... the reason for making the adaptationist program the butt of their ridicule and for calling it a Panglossian paradigm. Here I dissent vigorously. To imply that the adaptationist program is one and the same as the argument from design (satirized by Voltaire in Candide) is highly misleading. When Candi ...
... the reason for making the adaptationist program the butt of their ridicule and for calling it a Panglossian paradigm. Here I dissent vigorously. To imply that the adaptationist program is one and the same as the argument from design (satirized by Voltaire in Candide) is highly misleading. When Candi ...
Mayr - Eric L. Peters` Home Page
... the reason for making the adaptationist program the butt of their ridicule and for calling it a Panglossian paradigm. Here I dissent vigorously. To imply that the adaptationist program is one and the same as the argument from design (satirized by Voltaire in Candide) is highly misleading. When Candi ...
... the reason for making the adaptationist program the butt of their ridicule and for calling it a Panglossian paradigm. Here I dissent vigorously. To imply that the adaptationist program is one and the same as the argument from design (satirized by Voltaire in Candide) is highly misleading. When Candi ...
Evolutionary distributions and competition by way of reaction
... emerge as intrinsic properties of such models. Because of their similarity to patterns that are observed in nature, links are made between patterns from models and in nature. All such models do not answer the quintessential question: Why do we observe such patterns in the first place? Answers to suc ...
... emerge as intrinsic properties of such models. Because of their similarity to patterns that are observed in nature, links are made between patterns from models and in nature. All such models do not answer the quintessential question: Why do we observe such patterns in the first place? Answers to suc ...
uncovering cryptic genetic variation
... The concept of cryptic genetic variation (CGV) is intimately linked with that of a related process — canalization. The distinction was not apparent when Waddington first developed his popular metaphor for canalization62. He saw development as the channeling of initially totipotent cells along succes ...
... The concept of cryptic genetic variation (CGV) is intimately linked with that of a related process — canalization. The distinction was not apparent when Waddington first developed his popular metaphor for canalization62. He saw development as the channeling of initially totipotent cells along succes ...
Chapter 13 - MDC Faculty Home Pages
... • Natural selection is a process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals with other characteristics. • As a result of natural selection, a population, a group of individuals of the same species living in the same place a ...
... • Natural selection is a process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals with other characteristics. • As a result of natural selection, a population, a group of individuals of the same species living in the same place a ...
FREE Sample Here
... D) unlimited resources that support population growth in most natural environments. E) lack of genetic variation among all members of a population. Answer: B Topic: Concept 22.2 Skill: Application/Analysis 24) During drought years on the Galapagos, small, easily eaten seeds become rare, leaving most ...
... D) unlimited resources that support population growth in most natural environments. E) lack of genetic variation among all members of a population. Answer: B Topic: Concept 22.2 Skill: Application/Analysis 24) During drought years on the Galapagos, small, easily eaten seeds become rare, leaving most ...
Ch 9 Powerpoint
... 2. Some of the variation within individuals can be passed on to their offspring 3. Populations of organisms produce more offspring than will survive 4. Survival and reproduction are not random ...
... 2. Some of the variation within individuals can be passed on to their offspring 3. Populations of organisms produce more offspring than will survive 4. Survival and reproduction are not random ...
Evolutionary Psychology 101
... This is a concise and reader-friendly survey of the burgeoning field of evolutionary psychology (EP) and the controversies that surround it. Firmly grounded in the theoretical and research literature of EP, the book addresses the core theories, approaches, applications, and current findings that com ...
... This is a concise and reader-friendly survey of the burgeoning field of evolutionary psychology (EP) and the controversies that surround it. Firmly grounded in the theoretical and research literature of EP, the book addresses the core theories, approaches, applications, and current findings that com ...
Perfect Strain Teachers Guide DGBL 2015-08.indd
... the antibiotic syringe to cull other bacteria. They can also make use of UV lamp to cull, but should use the thresher less often as it is harder to control. Evaluation: The learner will receive assessment questions to test their understanding of genetic variation, natural selection, selection pressu ...
... the antibiotic syringe to cull other bacteria. They can also make use of UV lamp to cull, but should use the thresher less often as it is harder to control. Evaluation: The learner will receive assessment questions to test their understanding of genetic variation, natural selection, selection pressu ...
Document
... • The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time is the gene pool. • When the relative frequency of alleles changes over a number of generations, evolution is occurring on its smallest scale, which is sometimes called microevolution. ...
... • The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time is the gene pool. • When the relative frequency of alleles changes over a number of generations, evolution is occurring on its smallest scale, which is sometimes called microevolution. ...
Genetics
... defective enzymes to produce hormones, as discussed in the next two paragraphs. Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome results from lack of functional molecular receptors for testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, so these hormones have no effect on the body. Consequently, a 46XY fetus develops female exter ...
... defective enzymes to produce hormones, as discussed in the next two paragraphs. Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome results from lack of functional molecular receptors for testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, so these hormones have no effect on the body. Consequently, a 46XY fetus develops female exter ...
Divergent Selection Drives Genetic Differentiation in an
... Identifying the molecular genetic basis of traits contributing to speciation is of crucial importance for understanding the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that generate biodiversity. Despite several examples describing putative ‘‘speciation genes,’’ it is often uncertain to what extent these ...
... Identifying the molecular genetic basis of traits contributing to speciation is of crucial importance for understanding the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that generate biodiversity. Despite several examples describing putative ‘‘speciation genes,’’ it is often uncertain to what extent these ...
Chapter 13 PowerPoint File
... • The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time is the gene pool. • When the relative frequency of alleles changes over a number of generations, evolution is occurring on its smallest scale, which is sometimes called microevolution. ...
... • The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time is the gene pool. • When the relative frequency of alleles changes over a number of generations, evolution is occurring on its smallest scale, which is sometimes called microevolution. ...