5 The structure and function of membrane proteins
... When I first started studying proteins as an undergraduate I encountered for the first time complex areas of biochemistry arising from the pioneering work of Pauling, Sumner, Kendrew, Perutz, Anfinsen, together with other scientific ‘giants’ too numerous to describe at length in this text. The area seem ...
... When I first started studying proteins as an undergraduate I encountered for the first time complex areas of biochemistry arising from the pioneering work of Pauling, Sumner, Kendrew, Perutz, Anfinsen, together with other scientific ‘giants’ too numerous to describe at length in this text. The area seem ...
Two nearly identical terpene synthases catalyze the
... Figure 2. Relatedness of AmNES/LIS proteins to other terpene synthases. (a) Alignment of AmNES/LIS-1 (GenBank accession no. EF433761) and AmNES/LIS-2 (GenBank accession no. EF433762) predicted amino acid sequences with snapdragon myrcene synthase (AAO41726), (E)-b-ocimene synthase (AAO42614), strawb ...
... Figure 2. Relatedness of AmNES/LIS proteins to other terpene synthases. (a) Alignment of AmNES/LIS-1 (GenBank accession no. EF433761) and AmNES/LIS-2 (GenBank accession no. EF433762) predicted amino acid sequences with snapdragon myrcene synthase (AAO41726), (E)-b-ocimene synthase (AAO42614), strawb ...
Protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine
... essential for cell viability [28–30] and that acute activation of pathways resulting in increased protein O-GlcNAc levels improves the tolerance of cells to a wide range of stress stimuli [29]. There has been increasing interest in the role of O-GlcNAc in the heart and vascular system and acute acti ...
... essential for cell viability [28–30] and that acute activation of pathways resulting in increased protein O-GlcNAc levels improves the tolerance of cells to a wide range of stress stimuli [29]. There has been increasing interest in the role of O-GlcNAc in the heart and vascular system and acute acti ...
Queuosine formation in eukaryotic tRNA occurs via a mitochondria
... plasmids and cultured in LB medium. Induction of protein expression was performed with 0.1 mM IPTG in 2xYT broth, at 18oC overnight. His-tagged E. coli TGT, tTGT and Qv1 proteins were purified by nickel-charged HiTrap chromatography whereas the GST-tagged fTGT was isolated on a GSTrap FF pre-packed ...
... plasmids and cultured in LB medium. Induction of protein expression was performed with 0.1 mM IPTG in 2xYT broth, at 18oC overnight. His-tagged E. coli TGT, tTGT and Qv1 proteins were purified by nickel-charged HiTrap chromatography whereas the GST-tagged fTGT was isolated on a GSTrap FF pre-packed ...
Development of prokaryotic cell-free systems for synthetic
... Nirenberg’s use of a cell-free system to decipher the genetic code for the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1968 (Nirenberg & Matthaei, 1961). When recombinant DNA technology became mainstream and working in cellular hosts the norm, cell-free systems were relegated to the production of hard-to-produce or ...
... Nirenberg’s use of a cell-free system to decipher the genetic code for the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1968 (Nirenberg & Matthaei, 1961). When recombinant DNA technology became mainstream and working in cellular hosts the norm, cell-free systems were relegated to the production of hard-to-produce or ...
Supplementary materials - Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
... out 1,000 permutation tests and calculated the false discovery rate (FDR), i.e., the frequency with which the score is higher than the original one among the 1,000 randomly permuted data. To ensure that it is the expression value of an e-regulator which is predictive, we permute its expression value ...
... out 1,000 permutation tests and calculated the false discovery rate (FDR), i.e., the frequency with which the score is higher than the original one among the 1,000 randomly permuted data. To ensure that it is the expression value of an e-regulator which is predictive, we permute its expression value ...
poultry meal vs poultry byproduct meal
... true. However, this does not mean that all poultry ingredients are of equal quality. There are substantial differences between different grades within each of these ingredients. These differences may be due to differences in processing or to differences in the quality of the parts used to make the i ...
... true. However, this does not mean that all poultry ingredients are of equal quality. There are substantial differences between different grades within each of these ingredients. These differences may be due to differences in processing or to differences in the quality of the parts used to make the i ...
purple Psyko writeup
... Blue GENE (pre-workout) during a recomposition, strength, or bulking phase[/indent] [b]I'm on medication or I have a health condition, should I take Purple PSYKO™ ?[/b] [indent]Ask your doctor before taking Purple PSYKO™[/indent] [b]Is it necessary to cycle Purple PSYKO™ ?[/b] [indent]Generally, cyc ...
... Blue GENE (pre-workout) during a recomposition, strength, or bulking phase[/indent] [b]I'm on medication or I have a health condition, should I take Purple PSYKO™ ?[/b] [indent]Ask your doctor before taking Purple PSYKO™[/indent] [b]Is it necessary to cycle Purple PSYKO™ ?[/b] [indent]Generally, cyc ...
Solution Structure of the Tandem Acyl Carrier Protein Domains from
... molecular weight of the unmodified and modified ACP proteins. Most of the purified tandem-ACP is initially in an unmodified form as evidenced by the measured molecular weight of 59,122 Da, which is close to the molecular weight of 59,116 Da determined by the amino acid sequence (Figure 5A). However, ...
... molecular weight of the unmodified and modified ACP proteins. Most of the purified tandem-ACP is initially in an unmodified form as evidenced by the measured molecular weight of 59,122 Da, which is close to the molecular weight of 59,116 Da determined by the amino acid sequence (Figure 5A). However, ...
Document
... For 16 hours were stimulated 10 minutes with insulin at suboptimal (1 nM) or optimal (100 nM) concentrations, and OGT Immunoprecipitates were western blotted for either OGT levels or phosphotyrosine. ...
... For 16 hours were stimulated 10 minutes with insulin at suboptimal (1 nM) or optimal (100 nM) concentrations, and OGT Immunoprecipitates were western blotted for either OGT levels or phosphotyrosine. ...
Bacterial protein toxins targeting Rho GTPases
... transition state of GTP hydrolysis by inserting an arginine ¢nger into the GTP-binding cavity of the GTPases [31]. In line with these ¢ndings, Arg146 of ExoS, which is equivalent to Arg209 of SptP, was shown to be essential for the GAP activity [30]. The third member of the GAP toxin family is the Y ...
... transition state of GTP hydrolysis by inserting an arginine ¢nger into the GTP-binding cavity of the GTPases [31]. In line with these ¢ndings, Arg146 of ExoS, which is equivalent to Arg209 of SptP, was shown to be essential for the GAP activity [30]. The third member of the GAP toxin family is the Y ...
Eukaryote-Like Serine/Threonine Kinases and Phosphatases in
... FIG. 1. Structure of the Ser/Thr kinase catalytic domain. (A) Crystal structure of the mouse PKA catalytic domain in complex with an ATP molecule and an inhibitor peptide (Protein Data Bank [PDB] accession number 1ATP). The PKA N-terminal lobe is shown in gray, and the C-terminal lobe is shown in bl ...
... FIG. 1. Structure of the Ser/Thr kinase catalytic domain. (A) Crystal structure of the mouse PKA catalytic domain in complex with an ATP molecule and an inhibitor peptide (Protein Data Bank [PDB] accession number 1ATP). The PKA N-terminal lobe is shown in gray, and the C-terminal lobe is shown in bl ...
Cardiac mitochondrial matrix and respiratory complex - AJP
... number of potentially important mitochondrial protein phosphorylation sites is staggering. It is also important to note that the original results on PDH and GP were derived by initially observing acute alterations in enzymatic activity in vitro and then determining the PTMs responsible. Because of t ...
... number of potentially important mitochondrial protein phosphorylation sites is staggering. It is also important to note that the original results on PDH and GP were derived by initially observing acute alterations in enzymatic activity in vitro and then determining the PTMs responsible. Because of t ...
General principles of cellular organization in the genome
... summary, the M. pneumoniae metabolic network has a more linear topology and contains a higher fraction of multifunctional enzymes compared to more complex bacteria; general features such as metabolite concentrations, cellular energetics, adaptability and global gene expression responses are similar ...
... summary, the M. pneumoniae metabolic network has a more linear topology and contains a higher fraction of multifunctional enzymes compared to more complex bacteria; general features such as metabolite concentrations, cellular energetics, adaptability and global gene expression responses are similar ...
A conserved N-‐terminal domain of Rif2 regulates telomere length in
... Telomere sequence DNA repeats are bound by a set of proteins that mediate two essential functions; first to protect the ends from degradation, recombination, and initiation of a damage response, and second ...
... Telomere sequence DNA repeats are bound by a set of proteins that mediate two essential functions; first to protect the ends from degradation, recombination, and initiation of a damage response, and second ...
Anticoagulants, Thrombolytics Agents and Antiplatelet Drugs
... highly specific direct inhibitor of thrombin - [Leu1-Thr2]-63desulfohirudin - a recombinant hirudin* derived from yeast cells. polypeptide - 65 amino acids MW=6979.5 identical to natural hirudin except for the substitution of leucine for isoleucine at the N-terminal end of the molecule and the absen ...
... highly specific direct inhibitor of thrombin - [Leu1-Thr2]-63desulfohirudin - a recombinant hirudin* derived from yeast cells. polypeptide - 65 amino acids MW=6979.5 identical to natural hirudin except for the substitution of leucine for isoleucine at the N-terminal end of the molecule and the absen ...
Structural and Functional Studies on Proteinaceous Metallocarboxypeptidase Inhibitors Joan López Arolas
... Peptidase inhibitors are important tools of nature for regulating the proteolytic activity of their target proteases, and for blocking them in emergency cases (Bode & Huber, 1992). All naturally occurring inhibitors directed toward endogenous peptidases, i.e. against proteolytic enzymes from the sam ...
... Peptidase inhibitors are important tools of nature for regulating the proteolytic activity of their target proteases, and for blocking them in emergency cases (Bode & Huber, 1992). All naturally occurring inhibitors directed toward endogenous peptidases, i.e. against proteolytic enzymes from the sam ...
Basic Science for Clinicians
... provides a structural bridge between the other subunits and also contains a specialized sequence that binds to glycogen. High concentrations of glycogen are present when fuel supply is abundant, and therefore it is not surprising that glycogen might inhibit AMPK activation.14,15 Conversely, glycogen ...
... provides a structural bridge between the other subunits and also contains a specialized sequence that binds to glycogen. High concentrations of glycogen are present when fuel supply is abundant, and therefore it is not surprising that glycogen might inhibit AMPK activation.14,15 Conversely, glycogen ...
4. characterisation of novel proteins
... MON87769 was created from conventional soybean by introducing two genes: a delta-6 (∆6) desaturase gene from Primula juliae and a delta-15 (∆15) desaturase gene from Neurospora crassa. The seed-specific expression of these two desaturase enzymes results in the production of SDA and other more minor ...
... MON87769 was created from conventional soybean by introducing two genes: a delta-6 (∆6) desaturase gene from Primula juliae and a delta-15 (∆15) desaturase gene from Neurospora crassa. The seed-specific expression of these two desaturase enzymes results in the production of SDA and other more minor ...
The Effect of a Limited Supply of Phenylalanine, Threonine, or
... The cellular protein of rumen bacteria and protozoa is collectively referred to as rumen microbial protein. The synthesis of microbial protein depends on the amount of RDP, including the supply of AA and peptides, and availability of fermentable carbohydrates. Fermentation of carbohydrates provides ...
... The cellular protein of rumen bacteria and protozoa is collectively referred to as rumen microbial protein. The synthesis of microbial protein depends on the amount of RDP, including the supply of AA and peptides, and availability of fermentable carbohydrates. Fermentation of carbohydrates provides ...
Case Study: BPTI
... It is, therefore, interesting to consider what would happen if any or several of these disulfide bonds are being cleaved. This allows one to judge how important the disulfide bonds are for preserving BPTI’s three dimensional structure. With all of its three disulfide bonds present, BPTI is one of th ...
... It is, therefore, interesting to consider what would happen if any or several of these disulfide bonds are being cleaved. This allows one to judge how important the disulfide bonds are for preserving BPTI’s three dimensional structure. With all of its three disulfide bonds present, BPTI is one of th ...
OMPROT PP2 ver4 - Plant Physiology
... undergo fusion, fission and rapid movements, suggesting a dynamic interaction with components of the cytoskeleton (Sheahan et al., 2004; Sheahan et al., 2005; Logan, 2010). However, many of the specific proteins that mediate such processes remain unknown. While mitochondria do play a central role in ...
... undergo fusion, fission and rapid movements, suggesting a dynamic interaction with components of the cytoskeleton (Sheahan et al., 2004; Sheahan et al., 2005; Logan, 2010). However, many of the specific proteins that mediate such processes remain unknown. While mitochondria do play a central role in ...
Protein Cleavage Due to Pro-oxidative Activity in Some Spices
... Effect of Safflower, Lemongrass, and Nutmeg Extracts on Metal-induced Fragmentation of BSA The fragmentation of BSA in three different systems were observed on SDSPAGE (Fig. 1, 2 and 3). BSA was fragmented markedly by oxidation reaction in the Cu2+/H2O2 system since the oxidizing power of the Fe2+/a ...
... Effect of Safflower, Lemongrass, and Nutmeg Extracts on Metal-induced Fragmentation of BSA The fragmentation of BSA in three different systems were observed on SDSPAGE (Fig. 1, 2 and 3). BSA was fragmented markedly by oxidation reaction in the Cu2+/H2O2 system since the oxidizing power of the Fe2+/a ...
Protein purification
Protein purification is a series of processes intended to isolate one or a few proteins from a complex mixture, usually cells, tissues or whole organisms. Protein purification is vital for the characterization of the function, structure and interactions of the protein of interest. The purification process may separate the protein and non-protein parts of the mixture, and finally separate the desired protein from all other proteins. Separation of one protein from all others is typically the most laborious aspect of protein purification. Separation steps usually exploit differences in protein size, physico-chemical properties, binding affinity and biological activity. The pure result may be termed protein isolate.The methods used in protein purification can roughly be divided into analytical and preparative methods. The distinction is not exact, but the deciding factor is the amount of protein that can practically be purified with that method. Analytical methods aim to detect and identify a protein in a mixture, whereas preparative methods aim to produce large quantities of the protein for other purposes, such as structural biology or industrial use. In general, the preparative methods can be used in analytical applications, but not the other way around.