GCSE Biology Textbook sample
... The micrograph of the frog’s blood (Figure 1.12) shows red blood cells (the lower micrograph) and two types of white blood cell. ...
... The micrograph of the frog’s blood (Figure 1.12) shows red blood cells (the lower micrograph) and two types of white blood cell. ...
1. Characteristics of living organisms Core • List and describe the
... 1. Characteristics of living organisms • List and describe the characteristics of living organisms • nutrition as taking in of nutrients which are organic materials or energy for growth and tissue repair, • excretion as removal from organisms of toxic (chemical reactions in cells including respirati ...
... 1. Characteristics of living organisms • List and describe the characteristics of living organisms • nutrition as taking in of nutrients which are organic materials or energy for growth and tissue repair, • excretion as removal from organisms of toxic (chemical reactions in cells including respirati ...
Study Material - Class- XI - Biology
... -Objects having characteristics of cellular organisation, growth & development, reproduction, ability to sense environment & give response, metabolism etc. All organisms grow: -Increase in mass or number of cells characterise growth. -Plants grow throughout life but Animals grow to certain age. -Gro ...
... -Objects having characteristics of cellular organisation, growth & development, reproduction, ability to sense environment & give response, metabolism etc. All organisms grow: -Increase in mass or number of cells characterise growth. -Plants grow throughout life but Animals grow to certain age. -Gro ...
Study Material - Class- XI- Biology
... -Objects having characteristics of cellular organisation, growth & development, reproduction, ability to sense environment & give response, metabolism etc. All organisms grow: -Increase in mass or number of cells characterise growth. -Plants grow throughout life but Animals grow to certain age. -Gro ...
... -Objects having characteristics of cellular organisation, growth & development, reproduction, ability to sense environment & give response, metabolism etc. All organisms grow: -Increase in mass or number of cells characterise growth. -Plants grow throughout life but Animals grow to certain age. -Gro ...
Hematopoiesis
... is a protein, and there are four proteins bound to each other, hemoglobin has quaternary structure. An embryo has embryonic hemoglobin, called A2E2. An embryo does not have working blood vessels yet, since oxygen is coming in from the placenta. Therefore, an embryo needs Hgb with a higher affinity f ...
... is a protein, and there are four proteins bound to each other, hemoglobin has quaternary structure. An embryo has embryonic hemoglobin, called A2E2. An embryo does not have working blood vessels yet, since oxygen is coming in from the placenta. Therefore, an embryo needs Hgb with a higher affinity f ...
Solutions for all Natural Sciences Grade 9 Learner`s Book
... Hundreds of years ago scientists used glass lenses to magnify objects. The lenses did not magnify well and very small objects could not be seen. By the 16th century, scientists used microscopes, but they also did not magnify objects very well. It was only during the 17th century that microscopes wit ...
... Hundreds of years ago scientists used glass lenses to magnify objects. The lenses did not magnify well and very small objects could not be seen. By the 16th century, scientists used microscopes, but they also did not magnify objects very well. It was only during the 17th century that microscopes wit ...
Transport Across The Cell Membrane
... Hydrophilic molecules/ions may cross membrane using a membrane protein carrier. ...
... Hydrophilic molecules/ions may cross membrane using a membrane protein carrier. ...
File
... resist osmotic lysis. Made of peptidoglycan (not cellulose), which is a glycoprotein (i.e. a protein/carbohydrate complex, also called murein). There are two types of cell wall: Gram-positive and ...
... resist osmotic lysis. Made of peptidoglycan (not cellulose), which is a glycoprotein (i.e. a protein/carbohydrate complex, also called murein). There are two types of cell wall: Gram-positive and ...
Question paper - Paper 1F - November 2010
... (b) Biological control is the use of an organism to kill or reduce the numbers of a pest. Farmers use ladybirds to reduce aphid numbers. Farmers could also use insecticides to control aphid numbers. Biological control has advantages and disadvantages when compared to using insecticides. Put a cross ...
... (b) Biological control is the use of an organism to kill or reduce the numbers of a pest. Farmers use ladybirds to reduce aphid numbers. Farmers could also use insecticides to control aphid numbers. Biological control has advantages and disadvantages when compared to using insecticides. Put a cross ...
Cell Compounds
... Describe how the polarity of the water molecule results in hydrogen bonding Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons. Remember that electrons move very fast and thus can be shared, effectively filling or emptying the outer shells of the atoms involved in the bond. Such bonds are referred to a ...
... Describe how the polarity of the water molecule results in hydrogen bonding Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons. Remember that electrons move very fast and thus can be shared, effectively filling or emptying the outer shells of the atoms involved in the bond. Such bonds are referred to a ...
File
... areas. Plant vacuoles contain water, sugar, salts and pigments responsible for the many colors of flowers and some leaves. Some vacuoles contain toxic substances to protect the plant from predacious animals. Lysosomes - Lysosomes are vesicles formed by the Golgi apparatus. They contain hydrolytic en ...
... areas. Plant vacuoles contain water, sugar, salts and pigments responsible for the many colors of flowers and some leaves. Some vacuoles contain toxic substances to protect the plant from predacious animals. Lysosomes - Lysosomes are vesicles formed by the Golgi apparatus. They contain hydrolytic en ...
Cell Biology: Theory and Laboratory Skills
... secretion resulting in loss of control of blood glucose rising to type 1 diabetes mellitus. Other examples could include type 2 diabetes, cancers, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis and deafness associated with connexon mutations. Outcome 4 Perform practical experiments related to cell biolog ...
... secretion resulting in loss of control of blood glucose rising to type 1 diabetes mellitus. Other examples could include type 2 diabetes, cancers, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis and deafness associated with connexon mutations. Outcome 4 Perform practical experiments related to cell biolog ...
Xenotransplantation
... from a pig. The foreign organ is immediately recognized as being foreign and in a matter of minutes, or at most a few hours, a violent bleeding takes place in and around the organ, which is then destroyed and rejected. In order to counter this rejection, a great many resources are being set aside th ...
... from a pig. The foreign organ is immediately recognized as being foreign and in a matter of minutes, or at most a few hours, a violent bleeding takes place in and around the organ, which is then destroyed and rejected. In order to counter this rejection, a great many resources are being set aside th ...
MS-SCI-LS-Unit 1 -- Chapter 4- Cell Processes and Energy
... equation. The products-one molecule of a sugar and six molecules of oxygen-are on the right side of the equation. An arrow, which you can read as ((yields;' connects the raw materials to the products. Light energy, which is necessary for the chemical reaction to occur, is written above the arrow. Wh ...
... equation. The products-one molecule of a sugar and six molecules of oxygen-are on the right side of the equation. An arrow, which you can read as ((yields;' connects the raw materials to the products. Light energy, which is necessary for the chemical reaction to occur, is written above the arrow. Wh ...
Biology IGCSE FALL 2011_2012 - Biology
... absorbing and assimilating them Fish • excretion as removal from organisms of toxic materials, the waste products of metabolism Amphibians (chemical reactions in cells including respiration) Reptiles and substances in excess of requirements Birds • respiration as the chemical reactions that break Ma ...
... absorbing and assimilating them Fish • excretion as removal from organisms of toxic materials, the waste products of metabolism Amphibians (chemical reactions in cells including respiration) Reptiles and substances in excess of requirements Birds • respiration as the chemical reactions that break Ma ...
Leaving Cert Biology Notes - Learning Outcomes 2014
... Heredity : Define as passing on of genetically controlled characteristics from parents to offspring e.g. blood type Gene expression: Define as when a gene is switched on and produces its characteristic e.g. the insulin producing gene only works in cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas o ...
... Heredity : Define as passing on of genetically controlled characteristics from parents to offspring e.g. blood type Gene expression: Define as when a gene is switched on and produces its characteristic e.g. the insulin producing gene only works in cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas o ...
Las proteínas funcionan uniéndose en forma específica a
... for initiating and sustaining life. Chemists (try) for years to achieve such mastery over the structures they create. Organic chemists (gain) substantial command over the synthesis of small complex molecules. But the goal of constructing large well-defined molecules (be) more elusive. The idea of di ...
... for initiating and sustaining life. Chemists (try) for years to achieve such mastery over the structures they create. Organic chemists (gain) substantial command over the synthesis of small complex molecules. But the goal of constructing large well-defined molecules (be) more elusive. The idea of di ...
B3 Homework and answers
... ‘Almost all cells in the human body contain DNA. If you look at a cell through a powerful _______________, you can see thread-like structures called _______________ in the _______________ of the cell. They show up most clearly when the cell is about to _______________. If you take each chromosome an ...
... ‘Almost all cells in the human body contain DNA. If you look at a cell through a powerful _______________, you can see thread-like structures called _______________ in the _______________ of the cell. They show up most clearly when the cell is about to _______________. If you take each chromosome an ...
YEAR 11 IGCSE BIOLOGY REVISION GUIDE DBGS 1 Cells and
... 8 The drawing shows the outline of a human cell. Copy the drawing and make two further drawings to show how the cell would appear if it were to be immersed for a few minutes in a solution with (a) a lower osmotic potential (water potential) than its own cytoplasm ...
... 8 The drawing shows the outline of a human cell. Copy the drawing and make two further drawings to show how the cell would appear if it were to be immersed for a few minutes in a solution with (a) a lower osmotic potential (water potential) than its own cytoplasm ...
WikiJunior Biology - USP Theses Collection
... There are many different kinds of protist cells. Most live in the water, but some live in the soil or in animals. Some protists can cause diseases. Green Algae is in the family protista. These can be small single cells or very large with many cells. Sea weed is algae and is in the kingdom protista. ...
... There are many different kinds of protist cells. Most live in the water, but some live in the soil or in animals. Some protists can cause diseases. Green Algae is in the family protista. These can be small single cells or very large with many cells. Sea weed is algae and is in the kingdom protista. ...
Introduction to the cell cell history cell structures and functions
... Different cells within a single organism can come in a variety of sizes and shapes. They may not be very big, but their shapes can be very different from each other. However, these cells all have common abilities, such as getting and using food energy, responding to the external environment, and repro ...
... Different cells within a single organism can come in a variety of sizes and shapes. They may not be very big, but their shapes can be very different from each other. However, these cells all have common abilities, such as getting and using food energy, responding to the external environment, and repro ...
Powerpoint examples of tissues
... of differing heights, some not reaching the free surface; nuclei seen at different levels; may contain mucus-secreting cells and bear cilia. Cilia ...
... of differing heights, some not reaching the free surface; nuclei seen at different levels; may contain mucus-secreting cells and bear cilia. Cilia ...
MUSINGU HIGH SCHOOL
... inactivate enzymes; leading to less or no production of food; high temperatures denature enzymes; stopping the process of photosynthesis; photosynthetic enzymes work well in low pH; so the rate is high; while higher pH reduces enzyme activity; lowering the rate of photosynthesis; e) Water Forms a me ...
... inactivate enzymes; leading to less or no production of food; high temperatures denature enzymes; stopping the process of photosynthesis; photosynthetic enzymes work well in low pH; so the rate is high; while higher pH reduces enzyme activity; lowering the rate of photosynthesis; e) Water Forms a me ...
BACULOVIRUS MEDIATED PRODUCTION OF INFECTIOUS
... (2). Similar to previous reports, serious losses caused by IMNV has been known to be due to the cumulative mortalities in affected ponds which could reach 70% (3). In this study, we cloned the full-length IMNV genome into a baculovirus transfer vector under the control of the polyhedrin promoter. To ...
... (2). Similar to previous reports, serious losses caused by IMNV has been known to be due to the cumulative mortalities in affected ponds which could reach 70% (3). In this study, we cloned the full-length IMNV genome into a baculovirus transfer vector under the control of the polyhedrin promoter. To ...
Unit 2 - Cells and Systems Learning Pack (Science In Action 8
... Step 6 – Repeat Steps 1-5 for each of the other Topics in this Unit. Step 7 – Look over the Unit Outline to review the Key Concepts once you have completed all of the Topics. Step 8 – Complete the Unit Review, using your Learning Pack and Textbook. Step 9 – Highlight those sections of the Review tha ...
... Step 6 – Repeat Steps 1-5 for each of the other Topics in this Unit. Step 7 – Look over the Unit Outline to review the Key Concepts once you have completed all of the Topics. Step 8 – Complete the Unit Review, using your Learning Pack and Textbook. Step 9 – Highlight those sections of the Review tha ...
Artificial cell
An artificial cell or minimal cell is an engineered particle that mimics one or many functions of a biological cell. The term does not refer to a specific physical entity, but rather to the idea that certain functions or structures of biological cells can be replaced or supplemented with a synthetic entity. Often, artificial cells are biological or polymeric membranes which enclose biologically active materials. As such, nanoparticles, liposomes, polymersomes, microcapsules and a number of other particles have qualified as artificial cells. Micro-encapsulation allows for metabolism within the membrane, exchange of small molecules and prevention of passage of large substances across it. The main advantages of encapsulation include improved mimicry in the body, increased solubility of the cargo and decreased immune responses. Notably, artificial cells have been clinically successful in hemoperfusion.In the area of synthetic biology, a ""living"" artificial cell has been defined as a completely synthetically made cell that can capture energy, maintain ion gradients, contain macromolecules as well as store information and have the ability to mutate. Such a cell is not technically feasible yet, but a variation of an artificial cell has been created in which a completely synthetic genome was introduced to genomically emptied host cells. Although not completely artificial because the cytoplasmic components as well as the membrane from the host cell are kept, the engineered cell is under control of a synthetic genome and is able to replicate.