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Philosophy as Quest - Oregon State University
... Philosophical ideas are sometimes grouped as systems and schools, but the effort is most associated with individual thinkers. Even among communities of philosophers who adhere to common beliefs, there are seldom ritualistic practices required and monitored by authorities. Most significant, philosoph ...
... Philosophical ideas are sometimes grouped as systems and schools, but the effort is most associated with individual thinkers. Even among communities of philosophers who adhere to common beliefs, there are seldom ritualistic practices required and monitored by authorities. Most significant, philosoph ...
Philosophy Plays
... In more ordinary situations persons may also, for various contingent reasons, choose not to follow the justified requirements of moral rationality, even when recognizing that they have adequate justificatory and in principle motivating reasons for doing so. A possible response from such a person may ...
... In more ordinary situations persons may also, for various contingent reasons, choose not to follow the justified requirements of moral rationality, even when recognizing that they have adequate justificatory and in principle motivating reasons for doing so. A possible response from such a person may ...
KANT - ARISTOTLE lecture
... strictly in terms of moral laws like the categorical imperative. We can have good emotions and pleasures, and good feelings toward each other, something like the higher pleasures of Mill and Epicurus. Aristotle DOES have moral commands or principles or laws, based on the overarching virtue of justic ...
... strictly in terms of moral laws like the categorical imperative. We can have good emotions and pleasures, and good feelings toward each other, something like the higher pleasures of Mill and Epicurus. Aristotle DOES have moral commands or principles or laws, based on the overarching virtue of justic ...
Materialy/07/Dividing of Ethics
... The moral theories of Kant and Bentham are examples of normative theories that seek to provide guidelines for determining a specific course of moral action. The Golden Rule is a classic example of a normative principle Other normative theories focus on a set of foundational principles, or a set ...
... The moral theories of Kant and Bentham are examples of normative theories that seek to provide guidelines for determining a specific course of moral action. The Golden Rule is a classic example of a normative principle Other normative theories focus on a set of foundational principles, or a set ...
The Moral Philosopher and the Moral Life
... Well, a vast number of our moral perceptions also are certainly of this secondary and brain‐born kind. They deal with directly felt fitnesses between things, and often fly in the teeth of all the prepossessions of habit and presumptions of utility. The moment you get beyond the coarser and more ...
... Well, a vast number of our moral perceptions also are certainly of this secondary and brain‐born kind. They deal with directly felt fitnesses between things, and often fly in the teeth of all the prepossessions of habit and presumptions of utility. The moment you get beyond the coarser and more ...
Logos, Ethos and Pathos
... • Those who wish to persuade you will play with your emotions. They may persuade you with fear, love, patriotism, guilt, hate or joy. • Although the use of pathos can be manipulative, it is the cornerstone of moving people to action and it will continue to be used again and again. ...
... • Those who wish to persuade you will play with your emotions. They may persuade you with fear, love, patriotism, guilt, hate or joy. • Although the use of pathos can be manipulative, it is the cornerstone of moving people to action and it will continue to be used again and again. ...
Ethics—The Basics by John Mizzoni
... Ethics—The Basics INTRODUCTION WHAT IS “JUSTIFICATION”? In moral philosophy, justification is providing rational arguments—reasons and evidence—to ...
... Ethics—The Basics INTRODUCTION WHAT IS “JUSTIFICATION”? In moral philosophy, justification is providing rational arguments—reasons and evidence—to ...
Action research, stories and practical philosophy
... as much control as we can expect of our future(s) we are moving towards social justice. I would suggest that Renuka Vithal gives us powerful tools with which to analyse the narratives we produce. I would also argue that the exploration of narrative using these tools is both pedagogical and a model ...
... as much control as we can expect of our future(s) we are moving towards social justice. I would suggest that Renuka Vithal gives us powerful tools with which to analyse the narratives we produce. I would also argue that the exploration of narrative using these tools is both pedagogical and a model ...
How do logic and argument play a role in developing humour
... window was broken the humour comes from the fact that the person who threw the brick is annoyed that the brick was chipped in the process and argues with the other person. This surprises readers; it’s not what you would expect. The logical conversation would go the other way. This argument can be co ...
... window was broken the humour comes from the fact that the person who threw the brick is annoyed that the brick was chipped in the process and argues with the other person. This surprises readers; it’s not what you would expect. The logical conversation would go the other way. This argument can be co ...
Capitalism and Morality
... individual in meeting his or her ultimate goal or end, happiness. Lastly, once decided which action will best fit the end, the individual voluntarily engages in the action. Once discussing how a man may act in a morally responsible and proper way, Aristotle furthers his discussion of moral action b ...
... individual in meeting his or her ultimate goal or end, happiness. Lastly, once decided which action will best fit the end, the individual voluntarily engages in the action. Once discussing how a man may act in a morally responsible and proper way, Aristotle furthers his discussion of moral action b ...
Philosophy 120 Symbolic Logic I H. Hamner Hill
... logical consequence, the idea that some claim must necessarily follow from others. • Arguments are designed to show that one claim logically follows from others. • Logic allows to determine whether the arguments succeed. ...
... logical consequence, the idea that some claim must necessarily follow from others. • Arguments are designed to show that one claim logically follows from others. • Logic allows to determine whether the arguments succeed. ...
Word - John Provost, PhD
... in both Eastern and Western philosophies. According to the Doctrine of the Mean, most virtues entail finding the mean between excess and deficiency. Some character traits or dispositions, however, are good or evil in themselves. For example, both Confucius and Aristotle believed that ignorance and m ...
... in both Eastern and Western philosophies. According to the Doctrine of the Mean, most virtues entail finding the mean between excess and deficiency. Some character traits or dispositions, however, are good or evil in themselves. For example, both Confucius and Aristotle believed that ignorance and m ...
The semantic development of virtue
... 2. Yamas. The virtues of yoga philosophy The yamas are special moral character traits that are practiced with the purpose of freedom from illusions and limitations of life (Bryant, 2009). Illusions of life refer to the thought process a person has developed through biased conclusions based on exper ...
... 2. Yamas. The virtues of yoga philosophy The yamas are special moral character traits that are practiced with the purpose of freedom from illusions and limitations of life (Bryant, 2009). Illusions of life refer to the thought process a person has developed through biased conclusions based on exper ...
Archetypes of Wisdom
... prevailed, and the Buddha chose to remain among the people. One who does this to help others is known as a bodhisattva among some branches of Buddhism. A bodhisattva is not a “savior,” or one who intercedes for others, but an enlightened being who voluntarily postpones his own nirvana to help other ...
... prevailed, and the Buddha chose to remain among the people. One who does this to help others is known as a bodhisattva among some branches of Buddhism. A bodhisattva is not a “savior,” or one who intercedes for others, but an enlightened being who voluntarily postpones his own nirvana to help other ...
Argument that statements of value cannot be translated into
... same way that all synthetic statements are. Insofar as statements of value are not scientific they are not in the literal sense significant but are simply expressions of emotion that can be neither true nor false. This classification into significant and not significant applies to statements of aest ...
... same way that all synthetic statements are. Insofar as statements of value are not scientific they are not in the literal sense significant but are simply expressions of emotion that can be neither true nor false. This classification into significant and not significant applies to statements of aest ...
Rationalist Epistemology
... geometrical statements — such as “The area of the circle is πr2” — were true of all circles (universally) and were always true (unchanging). •Math demonstrates that universal and unchanging knowledge exists. For Plato, universal and unchanging knowledge is clearly better (“higher”) than particular a ...
... geometrical statements — such as “The area of the circle is πr2” — were true of all circles (universally) and were always true (unchanging). •Math demonstrates that universal and unchanging knowledge exists. For Plato, universal and unchanging knowledge is clearly better (“higher”) than particular a ...
Virtue Ethics and Moral Pluralsim
... the first systematic, philosophical ethical position, it had until somewhat recently been pushed aside by the other ethical theories we’ve studied. • One reason for this is that these other theories have focused our attention on the ethical evaluation of acts, while VE focuses on character. • There ...
... the first systematic, philosophical ethical position, it had until somewhat recently been pushed aside by the other ethical theories we’ve studied. • One reason for this is that these other theories have focused our attention on the ethical evaluation of acts, while VE focuses on character. • There ...
L. Notes - School of Computing
... Immanuel Kant is a modern Idealist: Kant believed that the moral principle could be summed up in what he called the Categorical Imperative. He had two formulations of this Imperative: 1) "Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law" ( ...
... Immanuel Kant is a modern Idealist: Kant believed that the moral principle could be summed up in what he called the Categorical Imperative. He had two formulations of this Imperative: 1) "Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law" ( ...
Dear Steve - ANU School of Philosophy
... Probability The philosophy of probability has been alive and well for several decades in Australia and New Zealand. Some distinctive lines of thought have emerged, resonating with broader themes that have come to be associated with Australasian philosophers: realist/objectivist accounts of various t ...
... Probability The philosophy of probability has been alive and well for several decades in Australia and New Zealand. Some distinctive lines of thought have emerged, resonating with broader themes that have come to be associated with Australasian philosophers: realist/objectivist accounts of various t ...
Ethics Discussion Thomas N. Davidson, JD
... of questions that arise when we think about “how ought one acts morally speaking.” These theories determine which moral standards to follow & which actions are morally right or wrong. ...
... of questions that arise when we think about “how ought one acts morally speaking.” These theories determine which moral standards to follow & which actions are morally right or wrong. ...
Are there universal moral rules
... Ethics is concerned with what is good for individuals and society and is also described as moral philosophy. The term is derived from the Greek word ethos which can mean custom, habit, character or disposition. Ethics covers the following dilemmas: 1. How to live a good life 2. Our rights and respon ...
... Ethics is concerned with what is good for individuals and society and is also described as moral philosophy. The term is derived from the Greek word ethos which can mean custom, habit, character or disposition. Ethics covers the following dilemmas: 1. How to live a good life 2. Our rights and respon ...
Wittgenstein World History Name: E. Napp Date: Biographical
... he announced that he considered himself to have found ‘on all essential points’ the solution to the problems of philosophy. ‘The truth of the thoughts that are here communicated,’ he wrote, ‘seems to me unassailable and definitive,’ and, ‘if I am not mistaken in this belief, then the second thing in ...
... he announced that he considered himself to have found ‘on all essential points’ the solution to the problems of philosophy. ‘The truth of the thoughts that are here communicated,’ he wrote, ‘seems to me unassailable and definitive,’ and, ‘if I am not mistaken in this belief, then the second thing in ...
Treatise of Human Nature Book III: Morals
... things that hold back your project instead of pushing it forward. These false judgments may be thought to affect the passions and actions that are connected with them, and may be said to render them unreasonable (in a figurative and improper way of speaking). But it’s easy to see that such errors ar ...
... things that hold back your project instead of pushing it forward. These false judgments may be thought to affect the passions and actions that are connected with them, and may be said to render them unreasonable (in a figurative and improper way of speaking). But it’s easy to see that such errors ar ...
Essay 54 Subject no. III The thesis stated in the quotation from
... the reality is false. So – there are statements (formally correct and semantically adequate) which seems to be incoherent in one system. The first example of such coincidence comes from the theory of sets: we have at least two different notions of set (von Neumann`s and Hao Wang`s, both accurate and ...
... the reality is false. So – there are statements (formally correct and semantically adequate) which seems to be incoherent in one system. The first example of such coincidence comes from the theory of sets: we have at least two different notions of set (von Neumann`s and Hao Wang`s, both accurate and ...
Metaphysics
... universal was not merely subjective concept or language. The universal is the true object of scientific inquiry. It is real– it has reality not only in the mind but also in things. B. Aristotle disagrees with Plato on several important concepts, which then serves as a departure point for his own met ...
... universal was not merely subjective concept or language. The universal is the true object of scientific inquiry. It is real– it has reality not only in the mind but also in things. B. Aristotle disagrees with Plato on several important concepts, which then serves as a departure point for his own met ...
Stoicism
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zeno_of_Citium_pushkin.jpg?width=300)
Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century BC. The Stoics taught that destructive emotions resulted from errors in judgment, and the active relationship between cosmic determinism and human freedom, and the belief that it is virtuous to maintain a will (called prohairesis) that is in accord with nature. Because of this, the Stoics presented their philosophy as a way of life, and they thought that the best indication of an individual's philosophy was not what a person said but how that person behaved.Later Stoics—such as Seneca and Epictetus—emphasized that, because ""virtue is sufficient for happiness"", a sage was immune to misfortune. This belief is similar to the meaning of the phrase ""stoic calm"", though the phrase does not include the ""radical ethical"" Stoic views that only a sage can be considered truly free, and that all moral corruptions are equally vicious.From its founding, Stoic doctrine was popular with a following in Roman Greece and throughout the Roman Empire — including the Emperor Marcus Aurelius — until the closing of all pagan philosophy schools in 529 AD by order of the Emperor Justinian I, who perceived them as being at odds with Christian faith. Neostoicism was a syncretic philosophical movement, joining Stoicism and Christianity, influenced by Justus Lipsius.