ECOTRIM A program for temporal disaggregation of time
... Different versions of this technique have been developed according to the different hypotheses related to the structure of the error in the regression model. The stochastic error models usually considered when estimating quarterly accounts series are the following: ...
... Different versions of this technique have been developed according to the different hypotheses related to the structure of the error in the regression model. The stochastic error models usually considered when estimating quarterly accounts series are the following: ...
LIST OF MEMBERS WHO PREPARED SUPPORT MATERIAL FOR
... goods and services with given resrouces. The problem is that, out of these different combinations, which combinations is produced. If production of one good increases then less resources will be available for other goods. ...
... goods and services with given resrouces. The problem is that, out of these different combinations, which combinations is produced. If production of one good increases then less resources will be available for other goods. ...
NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA MACROECONOMICS
... tutorials, and the date of the first day of the semester is available from the study centre. You need to gather together all this information in one place, such as your dairy or a wall calendar. Whatever method you choose to use, you should decide on and write in your own dates for working through e ...
... tutorials, and the date of the first day of the semester is available from the study centre. You need to gather together all this information in one place, such as your dairy or a wall calendar. Whatever method you choose to use, you should decide on and write in your own dates for working through e ...
ge11 Keuschnigg 15050841 en
... large rms. The increase mainly results from easier access to bank credit. Other sources of nance are not able to compensate for lacking access to bank nancing. The same nding is reported by Fisman and Love (2003) who study trade credit as an alternative funding source when nancial markets are p ...
... large rms. The increase mainly results from easier access to bank credit. Other sources of nance are not able to compensate for lacking access to bank nancing. The same nding is reported by Fisman and Love (2003) who study trade credit as an alternative funding source when nancial markets are p ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Robert E. Hall Working Paper 15496
... work, where the public knew that eventually the government would need to service the debt issued to pay for higher purchases. Here, my focus on temporary increases in purchases is critical—permanent increases in purchases have a different effect because households cut consumption in anticipation of ...
... work, where the public knew that eventually the government would need to service the debt issued to pay for higher purchases. Here, my focus on temporary increases in purchases is critical—permanent increases in purchases have a different effect because households cut consumption in anticipation of ...
Managing Credit Bubbles - Universitat Pompeu Fabra
... obtain “excess” credit today because it is expected that there will be “excess” credit in the future as well. This is the crowding-in e¤ect of bubbles, which ceteris paribus increases investment. But this future “excess” credit will divert some of the resources of future generations away from inves ...
... obtain “excess” credit today because it is expected that there will be “excess” credit in the future as well. This is the crowding-in e¤ect of bubbles, which ceteris paribus increases investment. But this future “excess” credit will divert some of the resources of future generations away from inves ...
Chapter 01Economics and Economic Reasoning
... 41. The price of a new model of iPod tends to fall significantly a year after it is first introduced. Suppose Jane bought an iPod as soon as it was introduced (a year ago) and paid a premium price for it. Now she wants to buy a new iPod cover. Which of the following should she consider before buying ...
... 41. The price of a new model of iPod tends to fall significantly a year after it is first introduced. Suppose Jane bought an iPod as soon as it was introduced (a year ago) and paid a premium price for it. Now she wants to buy a new iPod cover. Which of the following should she consider before buying ...
Introduction: How to think about economies at the macro level?
... which they supply inelasticly to the social planner. The social planner uses the entire labor force together with the accumulated aggregate capital stock to produce the one good of the economy. In each period, the social planner saves a constant fraction s ∈ (0, 1) of contemporaneous output, to be a ...
... which they supply inelasticly to the social planner. The social planner uses the entire labor force together with the accumulated aggregate capital stock to produce the one good of the economy. In each period, the social planner saves a constant fraction s ∈ (0, 1) of contemporaneous output, to be a ...
Endogenous Wage Indexation and Aggregate
... The seminal contributions of Gray (1976) and Fischer (1977) set the benchmark in the wage indexation literature. Using an aggregate loss function criterion, they find that the optimal aggregate indexation increases when supply-side shocks become more important in explaining output fluctuations (rela ...
... The seminal contributions of Gray (1976) and Fischer (1977) set the benchmark in the wage indexation literature. Using an aggregate loss function criterion, they find that the optimal aggregate indexation increases when supply-side shocks become more important in explaining output fluctuations (rela ...
University of Groningen Entrepreneurial Regions Modrego
... (Michelacci, 2003) or financial (Meza and Webb, 1987) capital. According to Parker (2007), this result could be accentuated by well-intentioned public policies generating perverse incentives that may end up crowding-out truly productive undertakings. In the regional policy context, despite some evid ...
... (Michelacci, 2003) or financial (Meza and Webb, 1987) capital. According to Parker (2007), this result could be accentuated by well-intentioned public policies generating perverse incentives that may end up crowding-out truly productive undertakings. In the regional policy context, despite some evid ...
HAyEK`S CRITIQUE OF The General Theory
... According to Hayek, the absence of a theory of capital meant that in the model developed in The General Theory, time is not considered as a relevant variable. In the Keynesian world, when demand increases, a parallel increase in the supply of goods appears almost instantaneously. Therefore, for Keyn ...
... According to Hayek, the absence of a theory of capital meant that in the model developed in The General Theory, time is not considered as a relevant variable. In the Keynesian world, when demand increases, a parallel increase in the supply of goods appears almost instantaneously. Therefore, for Keyn ...
Does consumer sentiment predict consumer spending in Malaysia
... Confidence Index provide information about the future path of spending that is not captured by lagged values of the Michigan Index of Consumer Sentiment, labor income, stock prices, interest rates, or the spending category itself. They found that the superiority of the Conference Board Index for for ...
... Confidence Index provide information about the future path of spending that is not captured by lagged values of the Michigan Index of Consumer Sentiment, labor income, stock prices, interest rates, or the spending category itself. They found that the superiority of the Conference Board Index for for ...
Table 4: Estimating Real Consumption as a Function of Consumer
... school of thought which posits that confidence works at least in part by reflecting other fundamental changes in the economy which are then detected by consumers before they find their way into official government statistics. The consumer information advantage in manufacturing regions is examined wi ...
... school of thought which posits that confidence works at least in part by reflecting other fundamental changes in the economy which are then detected by consumers before they find their way into official government statistics. The consumer information advantage in manufacturing regions is examined wi ...
By How Much Does GDP Rise If the Government Buys More Output?
... and work or between consumption this year and in any future year. Military spending is the obvious example. If instead the government provided consumers with goods and services they would have purchased anyway, the resulting multiplier would be lower. In the extreme case, where the government purcha ...
... and work or between consumption this year and in any future year. Military spending is the obvious example. If instead the government provided consumers with goods and services they would have purchased anyway, the resulting multiplier would be lower. In the extreme case, where the government purcha ...
ECONOMIC INDICATORS REVIEW – WORKFORCE AND SECTORS
... In 2006, CBT responded to long-standing requests for information on social, economic, environmental and other trends in the Basin by launching the State of the Basin initiative. Resulting from the work of project consultants, a volunteer working group, CBT staff and more than 50 expert advisors, the ...
... In 2006, CBT responded to long-standing requests for information on social, economic, environmental and other trends in the Basin by launching the State of the Basin initiative. Resulting from the work of project consultants, a volunteer working group, CBT staff and more than 50 expert advisors, the ...
... Secondly, remittances could improve a country’s creditworthiness and thereby enhance its access to international capital markets. World Bank (2006) points out that the calculation of country credit ratings by major international also depends on its magnitude of remittance flows. The higher the magni ...
Chapter 1
... 46. Which of the following is not one of the four basic principles for understanding individual choice? A. Resources are scarce. B. The real cost of something is the money that you must pay to get it. C. “How much?” is a decision at the margin. D. People usually take advantage of opportunities to ma ...
... 46. Which of the following is not one of the four basic principles for understanding individual choice? A. Resources are scarce. B. The real cost of something is the money that you must pay to get it. C. “How much?” is a decision at the margin. D. People usually take advantage of opportunities to ma ...
The Interaction between Household and Firm Dynamics and the
... cost of capital, and because there is an anticipated upward trend in the price level following the initial decrease, which means that new …rms expect that it will be easier to repay their long-term debt. In the third exercise, we simulate the transition dynamics following simultaneous shocks to hou ...
... cost of capital, and because there is an anticipated upward trend in the price level following the initial decrease, which means that new …rms expect that it will be easier to repay their long-term debt. In the third exercise, we simulate the transition dynamics following simultaneous shocks to hou ...
The Interaction between Household and Firm Dynamics and the
... cost of capital, and because there is an anticipated upward trend in the price level following the initial decrease, which means that new …rms expect that it will be easier to repay their long-term debt. In the third exercise, we simulate the transition dynamics following simultaneous shocks to hou ...
... cost of capital, and because there is an anticipated upward trend in the price level following the initial decrease, which means that new …rms expect that it will be easier to repay their long-term debt. In the third exercise, we simulate the transition dynamics following simultaneous shocks to hou ...
Credit contractions and unemployment
... The peak effect occurs, on average, two years after the beginning of the decline in credit, and it does not quite vanish after four years. A credit contraction in a typical OECD country increases total unemployment rates by nearly 1% at the peak. The impact on young workers is even more pronounced, i ...
... The peak effect occurs, on average, two years after the beginning of the decline in credit, and it does not quite vanish after four years. A credit contraction in a typical OECD country increases total unemployment rates by nearly 1% at the peak. The impact on young workers is even more pronounced, i ...
- Covenant University
... poverty alleviation in West Virginia. In OLS and 2SLS regression analysis a positive relationship exists between small business and economic growth. A strong inverse relationship also exists between the incidence of poverty and small business and economic growth. Thus, the empirical result establish ...
... poverty alleviation in West Virginia. In OLS and 2SLS regression analysis a positive relationship exists between small business and economic growth. A strong inverse relationship also exists between the incidence of poverty and small business and economic growth. Thus, the empirical result establish ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CAPITAL CONTROLS, CAPITAL FLOW CONTRACTIONS, AND MACROECONOMIC VULNERABILITY
... contrast, are defined for all countries, independently of whether they initially had positive or negative net flows. That is, it is possible for a CFC to take place in a country that was originally experiencing net capital outflows. In that regard, then, CFCs also capture surges in what is sometimes ...
... contrast, are defined for all countries, independently of whether they initially had positive or negative net flows. That is, it is possible for a CFC to take place in a country that was originally experiencing net capital outflows. In that regard, then, CFCs also capture surges in what is sometimes ...
Privatisation Methods and Economic Growth in Transition Economies
... In this paper, we examine the impact of some key policy choices on economic growth in transition economies. We estimate an aggregate growth model for 23 economies in transition over the period 1990-2001, exploring the effects of private sector development, capital market development and privatisatio ...
... In this paper, we examine the impact of some key policy choices on economic growth in transition economies. We estimate an aggregate growth model for 23 economies in transition over the period 1990-2001, exploring the effects of private sector development, capital market development and privatisatio ...
Optimal Automatic Stabilizers
... of unemployment insurance. This is because, in recessions, economic activity is inefficiently low and aggregate slack is more responsive to the replacement rate for two reasons. First, there are more unemployed workers with high marginal propensities to consume receiving the transfers. Second, the ...
... of unemployment insurance. This is because, in recessions, economic activity is inefficiently low and aggregate slack is more responsive to the replacement rate for two reasons. First, there are more unemployed workers with high marginal propensities to consume receiving the transfers. Second, the ...
Problems Applying Economic Concepts Solutions
... 1. The Declaration of Independence and Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations a. both support the importance of economic freedom to economic prosperity. b. were both written by American economists. c. were both published in 1776. d. both support the efficiency of centralized planning. 2. Which of the fo ...
... 1. The Declaration of Independence and Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations a. both support the importance of economic freedom to economic prosperity. b. were both written by American economists. c. were both published in 1776. d. both support the efficiency of centralized planning. 2. Which of the fo ...