monitored field performance of conventional roofing assemblies
... testing was performed to quantify the effective R-values of the polyiso and stone wool insulation products and Building Science Corporation (BSC Figure 12 presents the apparent R-value when installed within the roofs. Testing 2013a) has shown a strong relationship per inch as determined by ASTM C518 ...
... testing was performed to quantify the effective R-values of the polyiso and stone wool insulation products and Building Science Corporation (BSC Figure 12 presents the apparent R-value when installed within the roofs. Testing 2013a) has shown a strong relationship per inch as determined by ASTM C518 ...
Coupled Electrical and Thermal Analysis of Power
... power cables. Losses produced by voltage applied to a cable and current flowing through its conductor, generate heat in that cable. The current carrying capacity of a cable depends on effective distribution of produced heat from the cable to the surrounding environment. Insulating materials in cable ...
... power cables. Losses produced by voltage applied to a cable and current flowing through its conductor, generate heat in that cable. The current carrying capacity of a cable depends on effective distribution of produced heat from the cable to the surrounding environment. Insulating materials in cable ...
Small-scale convection induced by passive rifting: the cause for
... fundamentally different than the process being considered here where convection is a response to the large lateral temperature gradients in a rift. Active rifting may be important in areas such as the East African Rift where broad scale doming seems to precede rifting [29] and it is often difficult ...
... fundamentally different than the process being considered here where convection is a response to the large lateral temperature gradients in a rift. Active rifting may be important in areas such as the East African Rift where broad scale doming seems to precede rifting [29] and it is often difficult ...
Effects of pulsatile blood flow in large vessels on thermal dose
... vessel, pulsating frequencies and amplitudes 共in the case of pulsatile velocity profile兲, and heating speeds. The main object is to realize the effects of flow velocity profile, size of vessel, flow arte, and heating speed on thermal dose distribution of the surrounding tissue during heat treatment. ...
... vessel, pulsating frequencies and amplitudes 共in the case of pulsatile velocity profile兲, and heating speeds. The main object is to realize the effects of flow velocity profile, size of vessel, flow arte, and heating speed on thermal dose distribution of the surrounding tissue during heat treatment. ...
building balance point
... A typical house, for example, might receive enough heat from the sun, and its occupants generate enough heat internally, that the exterior temperature must drop below 60 degrees before the interior temperature drops below the 70 degree set point that activates the furnace. The house has a heating ba ...
... A typical house, for example, might receive enough heat from the sun, and its occupants generate enough heat internally, that the exterior temperature must drop below 60 degrees before the interior temperature drops below the 70 degree set point that activates the furnace. The house has a heating ba ...
Finite element analysis of natural convection flow in a isosceles
... stream function – vorticity formulation of steady state equations of motion for A = 0.2–20 (where A is the aspect ratio) and Gr = 103–106. Their investigation is based on a symmetric boundary condition for a system with heating from below. The solutions obtained were symmetric about midplane. Poulik ...
... stream function – vorticity formulation of steady state equations of motion for A = 0.2–20 (where A is the aspect ratio) and Gr = 103–106. Their investigation is based on a symmetric boundary condition for a system with heating from below. The solutions obtained were symmetric about midplane. Poulik ...
Arnica Aggarwal (2011)
... electrical performance [1,3,4], it aggravates the prevailing challenges of power density [5] and microelectronics cooling [5–7], limiting the performance and the reliability of a stacked chip [7, 8]. This makes consideration of temperature constraints important while designing power management schem ...
... electrical performance [1,3,4], it aggravates the prevailing challenges of power density [5] and microelectronics cooling [5–7], limiting the performance and the reliability of a stacked chip [7, 8]. This makes consideration of temperature constraints important while designing power management schem ...
Thermal Analysis of Power Cables in Free Air: Evaluation and
... both heat coefficients are functions of ambient and cable surface temperatures. Notice that is a function of cable surface and ambient temperatures as well [4]. The scope of the IEC standard, which unfortunately is not given in the standard, seems to be for emissivity of 0.9, cable surface temperatu ...
... both heat coefficients are functions of ambient and cable surface temperatures. Notice that is a function of cable surface and ambient temperatures as well [4]. The scope of the IEC standard, which unfortunately is not given in the standard, seems to be for emissivity of 0.9, cable surface temperatu ...
Reflections on Real (Thermodynamic) Entropy, Disorder and
... subtle definitions and ambiguous meaning of very fundamental concepts. • Further confusions are produced by attempts to generalize some of those concepts with similar but not the same concepts in other disciplines, like Thermodynamic entropy versus other types of (quasi & statistical) entropies. The ...
... subtle definitions and ambiguous meaning of very fundamental concepts. • Further confusions are produced by attempts to generalize some of those concepts with similar but not the same concepts in other disciplines, like Thermodynamic entropy versus other types of (quasi & statistical) entropies. The ...
Introduction to mantle convection 1 The fluid mantle
... that we don’t need to know ∆T , u, or r! Using standard values we obtain Q = 0.2 TW. This is only about 0.5% of the global heat flow. The total heat flow of all mantle plumes is only about 2.3 TW, which is about 6% of the global total heat flow. The plate mode of convection accounts for 90% of the h ...
... that we don’t need to know ∆T , u, or r! Using standard values we obtain Q = 0.2 TW. This is only about 0.5% of the global heat flow. The total heat flow of all mantle plumes is only about 2.3 TW, which is about 6% of the global total heat flow. The plate mode of convection accounts for 90% of the h ...
Evolution of the lithosphere after tectonic emplacement or differential
... constant surface temperature is proper because of convection in the atmosphere. Perturbation of the steady-state geotherm In this first step the initial geotherm is determined. In order to test the ideas for the abnormal lithospheric structure the standard temperature distribution is adapted to thes ...
... constant surface temperature is proper because of convection in the atmosphere. Perturbation of the steady-state geotherm In this first step the initial geotherm is determined. In order to test the ideas for the abnormal lithospheric structure the standard temperature distribution is adapted to thes ...
A scaling law for approximating porous hydrothermal convection by
... the solid phase is directly compensated by a decrease in pore space. As we have thermal expansion at constant pressure, this means that our approximation implies that keeping the total volume constant does not lead to a thermal pressure, that is, any thermal stress is relaxed. At high temperatures w ...
... the solid phase is directly compensated by a decrease in pore space. As we have thermal expansion at constant pressure, this means that our approximation implies that keeping the total volume constant does not lead to a thermal pressure, that is, any thermal stress is relaxed. At high temperatures w ...
Temperature-Profile Methods for Estimating Thermally
... within a heat pipe and the larger gradient in the above-boiling temperature region is approximately proportional to the amount of condensate reflux towards the heated zone. Application of this method requires temperature profile data in sufficient resolution, knowledge of thermal properties, and a g ...
... within a heat pipe and the larger gradient in the above-boiling temperature region is approximately proportional to the amount of condensate reflux towards the heated zone. Application of this method requires temperature profile data in sufficient resolution, knowledge of thermal properties, and a g ...
Abstract
... Figure 3-11: (a) Velocity profile in the 2D model at 1.5 mm for Vinlet > 1 m/s, (b) Comparison of centerline velocity to the expected values reported in [47].........................................................................................................53 Figure 3-12: Temperature profiles a ...
... Figure 3-11: (a) Velocity profile in the 2D model at 1.5 mm for Vinlet > 1 m/s, (b) Comparison of centerline velocity to the expected values reported in [47].........................................................................................................53 Figure 3-12: Temperature profiles a ...
DOE Warms Up to Thermal Mass in Log Walls
... The preceding discussion of R-values identified the difference between the rated R-value of the insulation prescribed by code and the actual performance of a frame wall overall. Computer simulations used to establish insulation levels for building energy code goals only permitted insulation R-value ...
... The preceding discussion of R-values identified the difference between the rated R-value of the insulation prescribed by code and the actual performance of a frame wall overall. Computer simulations used to establish insulation levels for building energy code goals only permitted insulation R-value ...
Propagation of thermal waves with lateral heat transfer
... of the temperature gradient. In fact, the relaxation time r is associated with the communication 'time' between phonons (phonon-phonon collisions) necessary for commencement of heat flow and is a measure of the thermal inertia of the medium. A typical value of the relaxation time r for metals at amb ...
... of the temperature gradient. In fact, the relaxation time r is associated with the communication 'time' between phonons (phonon-phonon collisions) necessary for commencement of heat flow and is a measure of the thermal inertia of the medium. A typical value of the relaxation time r for metals at amb ...
Transient geotherms in Archean continental lithosphere: New
... be in thermal equilibrium with the instantaneous rate of heat production in the lithospheric mantle and heat supplied to its base. Comparison of xenolith (P,T) data with time-dependent thermal models allows constraints on lithosphere thickness, in situ heat production in the lithospheric mantle and ...
... be in thermal equilibrium with the instantaneous rate of heat production in the lithospheric mantle and heat supplied to its base. Comparison of xenolith (P,T) data with time-dependent thermal models allows constraints on lithosphere thickness, in situ heat production in the lithospheric mantle and ...
full text pdf
... Abstract: To get expandable graphite (EG) flame retardant for Liner Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) with low initial expansion temperature and high dilatability, the effects of various factors on dilatability were investigated including the dosages of oxidant KMnO4, intercalating reagent H2SO4, ass ...
... Abstract: To get expandable graphite (EG) flame retardant for Liner Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) with low initial expansion temperature and high dilatability, the effects of various factors on dilatability were investigated including the dosages of oxidant KMnO4, intercalating reagent H2SO4, ass ...
Heat Exchangers and System Level Cooling Products
... working fluid. The vapor transports heat to the condenser region where the vapor condenses, releasing heat to the cooling media, such as air. The condensed working fluid is pumped back to the evaporator by gravity or by capillary action if working against gravity. Heat pipes have a lower total therm ...
... working fluid. The vapor transports heat to the condenser region where the vapor condenses, releasing heat to the cooling media, such as air. The condensed working fluid is pumped back to the evaporator by gravity or by capillary action if working against gravity. Heat pipes have a lower total therm ...
Quantum Mechanics temperature
... It is framed in terms of an idealized device called a Carnot engine, imagined to define a continuous cycle of states of its working body. The cycle is imagined to run so slowly that at each point of the cycle the working body is in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium. There are four limbs in such ...
... It is framed in terms of an idealized device called a Carnot engine, imagined to define a continuous cycle of states of its working body. The cycle is imagined to run so slowly that at each point of the cycle the working body is in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium. There are four limbs in such ...
Energy Principles in Architectural Design
... building surfaces, certain energy flows and transformations occur. Energy flows in the environment involve a complex set of energy transfer mechanisms that interact to produce a given set of environmental conditions. The designer's task is to control and plan the combination of these interactions in ...
... building surfaces, certain energy flows and transformations occur. Energy flows in the environment involve a complex set of energy transfer mechanisms that interact to produce a given set of environmental conditions. The designer's task is to control and plan the combination of these interactions in ...
An analytical model for the prediction of the dynamic
... to be constant across 0 < r < Ri . Tu , ρu are the temperature and the density of the unburnt reactants. δT is the flame base standoff distance. We assume that the temperature at the flame base (where the reaction rate is zero) is the burnt gas temperature, Tb . This assumption over-estimates the fl ...
... to be constant across 0 < r < Ri . Tu , ρu are the temperature and the density of the unburnt reactants. δT is the flame base standoff distance. We assume that the temperature at the flame base (where the reaction rate is zero) is the burnt gas temperature, Tb . This assumption over-estimates the fl ...
Temperature Scales Temperature Scales
... - Working method:… - Alcohol and mercury are the most commonly used liquids. Alcohol has the advantage that it has a higher coefficient of expansion than mercury, but it is limited to low-temperature measurement because it tends to boil at high temperatures. Mercury can not be used below its freezin ...
... - Working method:… - Alcohol and mercury are the most commonly used liquids. Alcohol has the advantage that it has a higher coefficient of expansion than mercury, but it is limited to low-temperature measurement because it tends to boil at high temperatures. Mercury can not be used below its freezin ...
Chondrites as samples of differentiated planetesimals
... To calculate heat fluxes, the possibility of a core dynamo, and temperature gradients in the unmelted crust, we assume instantaneous accretion and solve the heat conduction in a sphere with initial 26Al evenly distributed (Hevey and Sanders, 2006). The body is heated homogeneously but radiates energy ...
... To calculate heat fluxes, the possibility of a core dynamo, and temperature gradients in the unmelted crust, we assume instantaneous accretion and solve the heat conduction in a sphere with initial 26Al evenly distributed (Hevey and Sanders, 2006). The body is heated homogeneously but radiates energy ...
Rendering Thermal Performance
... them especially beneficial for over-cladding leaky panellised buildings. ...
... them especially beneficial for over-cladding leaky panellised buildings. ...