Immune profile from high-risk to onset of Type 1 diabetes No. 1275
... The aim of this thesis was to investigate the immunological profile, focusing on markers associated with T helper (Th) cells, pro-inflammation and regulatory T cells (Treg), in individuals with a high risk of developing T1D, and in children with newly diagnosed T1D for up to two years post diagnosis ...
... The aim of this thesis was to investigate the immunological profile, focusing on markers associated with T helper (Th) cells, pro-inflammation and regulatory T cells (Treg), in individuals with a high risk of developing T1D, and in children with newly diagnosed T1D for up to two years post diagnosis ...
Chapter 1 Introduction
... If work-stress can lead to burnout, the question arises what the mediating mechanisms might be. For understanding this issue, it is crucial to study the physiological stressresponse as a potential mediator. Under stressful conditions, the body becomes activated to meet the increased demands of the e ...
... If work-stress can lead to burnout, the question arises what the mediating mechanisms might be. For understanding this issue, it is crucial to study the physiological stressresponse as a potential mediator. Under stressful conditions, the body becomes activated to meet the increased demands of the e ...
Boundless Study Slides
... • antigen A substance that induces an immune response, usually foreign. • antigen A substance that induces an immune response, usually a molecule found on a pathogen, such as a toxin or molecule expressed by the pathogen or pathogen-infected cells. • antigen presenting cell A cell that presents capt ...
... • antigen A substance that induces an immune response, usually foreign. • antigen A substance that induces an immune response, usually a molecule found on a pathogen, such as a toxin or molecule expressed by the pathogen or pathogen-infected cells. • antigen presenting cell A cell that presents capt ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document: INTERFERON
... threatening visceral form. The form of the disease depends largely on the parasite species and the immunological status of the host. Leishmaniasis is an increasing health problem mostly in tropical countries where 2 million cases are reported annually with an estimated 12 million people currently in ...
... threatening visceral form. The form of the disease depends largely on the parasite species and the immunological status of the host. Leishmaniasis is an increasing health problem mostly in tropical countries where 2 million cases are reported annually with an estimated 12 million people currently in ...
Complement-targeted therapeutics
... is one of the most ancient defense strategies4, yet it represents far more than merely a simple protection mechanism against microbial infections. As an essential connection between adaptive and innate immunity, complement components are able to orchestrate immune reactions by communicating with mul ...
... is one of the most ancient defense strategies4, yet it represents far more than merely a simple protection mechanism against microbial infections. As an essential connection between adaptive and innate immunity, complement components are able to orchestrate immune reactions by communicating with mul ...
Full-Text PDF
... Viral Release and Protection from Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) The CD4 molecule expressed on CD4+ T cells and macrophages is the primary receptor for HIV-1 entry. Binding of the luminal subunit (gp120) of the trimeric HIV Env glycoprotein complex to CD4 results in conformatio ...
... Viral Release and Protection from Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) The CD4 molecule expressed on CD4+ T cells and macrophages is the primary receptor for HIV-1 entry. Binding of the luminal subunit (gp120) of the trimeric HIV Env glycoprotein complex to CD4 results in conformatio ...
THE FORGOTTEN THYMUS
... destroy a vital part of their immune system and make them susceptible to infections, cancer, and chronic diseases!" (Diamond, M.D., pages 8-9) What Patients and Others Say in Their Testimonials "The point I want to make here is this: I have never seen a patient with a chronic degenerative illness w ...
... destroy a vital part of their immune system and make them susceptible to infections, cancer, and chronic diseases!" (Diamond, M.D., pages 8-9) What Patients and Others Say in Their Testimonials "The point I want to make here is this: I have never seen a patient with a chronic degenerative illness w ...
Carbohydrate profiling reveals a distinctive role for
... balance between tolerance and immunity (6). C-type lectin stimulation can either enhance or inhibit TLR signaling, thereby modulating DC phenotype and outcome of immune responses (7, 8). The cytoplasmic tail of C-type lectins often contains signaling motifs or internalization motifs for processing o ...
... balance between tolerance and immunity (6). C-type lectin stimulation can either enhance or inhibit TLR signaling, thereby modulating DC phenotype and outcome of immune responses (7, 8). The cytoplasmic tail of C-type lectins often contains signaling motifs or internalization motifs for processing o ...
Curriculum Vitae - Institute of Experimental Immunology
... 78. Guido Ferlazzo and Christian Münz, “Dendritic cell interactions with NK cells from different tissues”, Journal of Clinical Immunology (2009), 29(3): 265-273. 79. Jan D. Lünemann and Christian Münz, “EBV in MS: Guilty by association?”, Trends in Immunology (2009), 30:243-248. 80. Till Strowig*, C ...
... 78. Guido Ferlazzo and Christian Münz, “Dendritic cell interactions with NK cells from different tissues”, Journal of Clinical Immunology (2009), 29(3): 265-273. 79. Jan D. Lünemann and Christian Münz, “EBV in MS: Guilty by association?”, Trends in Immunology (2009), 30:243-248. 80. Till Strowig*, C ...
Antimicrobial peptides in lung transplant recipients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome
... Their release is stimulated by inflammatory cytokines and microbial products and they act directly as endogenous antibiotics against a range of microorganisms [14–16]. The AMPs also modulate inflammation and immunity and influence repair processes. They have chemotactic activity for neutrophils, eos ...
... Their release is stimulated by inflammatory cytokines and microbial products and they act directly as endogenous antibiotics against a range of microorganisms [14–16]. The AMPs also modulate inflammation and immunity and influence repair processes. They have chemotactic activity for neutrophils, eos ...
Mechanisms involved in regulation of MHC class I molecules in
... recognizing and killing pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites as well as by eliminating abnormal, transformed somatic cells. If immune system is defective, the organism will die due to infection by microorganisms or development of cancer. For protection of our body, various immune ...
... recognizing and killing pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites as well as by eliminating abnormal, transformed somatic cells. If immune system is defective, the organism will die due to infection by microorganisms or development of cancer. For protection of our body, various immune ...
Vaginal microbiota and its role in HIV transmission and infection
... Fig. 1. General overview of the Type I and Type II mucosae present in the GIT and FRT. GIT and upper FRT (uterus and endocervix) are characterized by the presence of Type I mucosae. Both GIT and upper FRT are covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium in which the cells are connected by tight ...
... Fig. 1. General overview of the Type I and Type II mucosae present in the GIT and FRT. GIT and upper FRT (uterus and endocervix) are characterized by the presence of Type I mucosae. Both GIT and upper FRT are covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium in which the cells are connected by tight ...
The Immune-Pineal Axis: the Role of Pineal and Extra
... Microglia was suggested to mediate neuroendocrineimmune interactions of the pineal gland [27]. Both microglia and astrocytes expresses IL-1, however, there is an intriguing difference between in vivo and ex vivo cellular expression of this cytokine. In vivo the expression is higher in astrocytes, w ...
... Microglia was suggested to mediate neuroendocrineimmune interactions of the pineal gland [27]. Both microglia and astrocytes expresses IL-1, however, there is an intriguing difference between in vivo and ex vivo cellular expression of this cytokine. In vivo the expression is higher in astrocytes, w ...
Impact of AS03 Adjuvant System on T cell
... haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests [24,25]. However, cell-mediated immunity is another and important arm of the adaptive immune response: reports by Murasko et al. [26] and McElhaney et al. [3,27] suggest that in older adults, cell-mediated responses play a significant role in protection from i ...
... haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests [24,25]. However, cell-mediated immunity is another and important arm of the adaptive immune response: reports by Murasko et al. [26] and McElhaney et al. [3,27] suggest that in older adults, cell-mediated responses play a significant role in protection from i ...
study of the anti – pregnancy
... Antibody is a protein molecule produced by plasma cell as a consequence of interaction between B lymphocyte and specific antigens (Abbas et al., 2000; Tizard, 2004). The antibody has an ability to bind a specific antigen. Antibody exists in several body liquids but the highest concentration is in bl ...
... Antibody is a protein molecule produced by plasma cell as a consequence of interaction between B lymphocyte and specific antigens (Abbas et al., 2000; Tizard, 2004). The antibody has an ability to bind a specific antigen. Antibody exists in several body liquids but the highest concentration is in bl ...
Biological basis for the clinical use of interferon
... Interferons are proteins produced by certain cells in response to stimuli such as foreign cells (including tumour cells), bacteria, and viral antigens. They interact both with the interferon producing cells and other cells through production of effector proteins. There are three main types of interf ...
... Interferons are proteins produced by certain cells in response to stimuli such as foreign cells (including tumour cells), bacteria, and viral antigens. They interact both with the interferon producing cells and other cells through production of effector proteins. There are three main types of interf ...
How is the STAT3 pathway activated?
... Summary STAT3 is a cytokine and growth factor activated transcription factor STAT3 has a wide range of functions, both anti and pro inflammatory depending on the tissue and physiological context STAT3 is also involved in disease states, such as asthma, colitis, and cancer STAT3 can suppress an ...
... Summary STAT3 is a cytokine and growth factor activated transcription factor STAT3 has a wide range of functions, both anti and pro inflammatory depending on the tissue and physiological context STAT3 is also involved in disease states, such as asthma, colitis, and cancer STAT3 can suppress an ...
Parallels between Pathogens and Gluten Peptides in Celiac Sprue
... To cause disease in a susceptible host, infectious pathogens must encounter that host (exposure), overcome barriers to infectivity, access a privileged niche, colonize, and ultimately cause damage to the host either directly, through toxin secretion, or indirectly, through activation of a self-injur ...
... To cause disease in a susceptible host, infectious pathogens must encounter that host (exposure), overcome barriers to infectivity, access a privileged niche, colonize, and ultimately cause damage to the host either directly, through toxin secretion, or indirectly, through activation of a self-injur ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document:
... immune response occurs upon recognition of highly conserved molecular structures present on invading microorganisms by the host cells. These structures, called pathogenassociated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) expressed on host cells [5]. They are ...
... immune response occurs upon recognition of highly conserved molecular structures present on invading microorganisms by the host cells. These structures, called pathogenassociated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) expressed on host cells [5]. They are ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.