The impact of £10bn extra capital spending in 2016/17 on
... and spend over the next few years • The Coalition’s 2010 spending review ends in 2014/15 • The government must publish its spending plans for 2015/16 before the 2015 general election – and may set out plans for further ahead at the same time • The state of the public finances and the UK economy, com ...
... and spend over the next few years • The Coalition’s 2010 spending review ends in 2014/15 • The government must publish its spending plans for 2015/16 before the 2015 general election – and may set out plans for further ahead at the same time • The state of the public finances and the UK economy, com ...
On the Relationship Between Government Spending Multiplier and
... (2011). In a two-period model with sticky prices and zero lower bound they examine alternative fiscal policies (government spending vs. investment subsidy financed by lump-sum taxes) aimed at restoring full employment. Mankiw and Weinzierl (2011) find that the policy that is best for welfare, which ...
... (2011). In a two-period model with sticky prices and zero lower bound they examine alternative fiscal policies (government spending vs. investment subsidy financed by lump-sum taxes) aimed at restoring full employment. Mankiw and Weinzierl (2011) find that the policy that is best for welfare, which ...
Improvement Service The Impact of Welfare Reform in Scotland
... Likewise, subsequent to publication of the various reports reviewed in this paper, additional planned UK Government cuts have been announced which will have further significant detrimental impact on the Welfare budget. Whilst the specific details of where these additional cuts will fall have not yet ...
... Likewise, subsequent to publication of the various reports reviewed in this paper, additional planned UK Government cuts have been announced which will have further significant detrimental impact on the Welfare budget. Whilst the specific details of where these additional cuts will fall have not yet ...
Document
... such as the GDP per capita (GDPPC) in the source and host countries, which may be good proxies for the income opportunities in these countries. We will use also a vector of some other explanatory variables X s ,h,e , such as the geographical distance between the pair of countries and whether or n ...
... such as the GDP per capita (GDPPC) in the source and host countries, which may be good proxies for the income opportunities in these countries. We will use also a vector of some other explanatory variables X s ,h,e , such as the geographical distance between the pair of countries and whether or n ...
Value Preserving Welfare Weights for Social Optimization Problems
... Our second contribution lies in the characterization of the VP weights and allocations. We show that VP weights coincide with Negishi weights, and the corresponding VP allocations coincide with Walrasian allocations, for economies in which the welfare theorems hold. Intuitively, the reason is that, ...
... Our second contribution lies in the characterization of the VP weights and allocations. We show that VP weights coincide with Negishi weights, and the corresponding VP allocations coincide with Walrasian allocations, for economies in which the welfare theorems hold. Intuitively, the reason is that, ...
A General Welfare Decomposition for CGE Models
... the policy-induced change in the quantity of goods or services affected by that distortion. The initial indirect tax distortion is the difference between the contribution to output from an additional unit of the good, and the price for which the good could be obtained in the absence of the tax. The ...
... the policy-induced change in the quantity of goods or services affected by that distortion. The initial indirect tax distortion is the difference between the contribution to output from an additional unit of the good, and the price for which the good could be obtained in the absence of the tax. The ...
New EMU governance: Not (yet) ready for social investment?
... Streeck and Kathy Thelen (2005), have revealed how different layers of social and economic governance, often embodying contradictory logics, can coexist under different historical circumstances, whilst giving rise to a range of unintended consequences and unforeseen developments. The dynamic relatio ...
... Streeck and Kathy Thelen (2005), have revealed how different layers of social and economic governance, often embodying contradictory logics, can coexist under different historical circumstances, whilst giving rise to a range of unintended consequences and unforeseen developments. The dynamic relatio ...
© J - Poverty and Social Exclusion
... consequent changes have been less radical than heralded, they have nevertheless fuelled the trend towards a more unequal society. The latest official figures on the distribution of income only go up to 1981/2 (Central Statistical Office, 1984), but the mark of the new Conservative government is clea ...
... consequent changes have been less radical than heralded, they have nevertheless fuelled the trend towards a more unequal society. The latest official figures on the distribution of income only go up to 1981/2 (Central Statistical Office, 1984), but the mark of the new Conservative government is clea ...
Does Annual Real Gross Domestic Product per Capita Overstate or
... great differences in real output per capita between Japan and a middle-income country such as Mexico made almost no difference for the two countries’ relative HDI indices. The idea behind this approach was that people have certain “basic needs,” and once these needs are satisfied, further increases ...
... great differences in real output per capita between Japan and a middle-income country such as Mexico made almost no difference for the two countries’ relative HDI indices. The idea behind this approach was that people have certain “basic needs,” and once these needs are satisfied, further increases ...
Monopoly Innovation and Welfare Effects - Economics E
... Virtually all of the consumer loss was attributed to income transfers, and 3% to 6% was due to allocative inefficiency. Supporting this, Jenny and Weber (1983) showed the sensitivity of this measure of welfare loss based on the French economy. They found considerable allocative welfare losses, betwe ...
... Virtually all of the consumer loss was attributed to income transfers, and 3% to 6% was due to allocative inefficiency. Supporting this, Jenny and Weber (1983) showed the sensitivity of this measure of welfare loss based on the French economy. They found considerable allocative welfare losses, betwe ...
The Nordic model of economic development: shocks
... economies, on top of the high equality in labor market outcomes, also redistribute extensively via high public welfare spending. For instance, how can high-skilled human capital agents have preferences for a model in which their labor incomes are lower than they would be with higher wage dispersion ...
... economies, on top of the high equality in labor market outcomes, also redistribute extensively via high public welfare spending. For instance, how can high-skilled human capital agents have preferences for a model in which their labor incomes are lower than they would be with higher wage dispersion ...
The Public Economics of Redistribution and the Welfare State
... distribution of the standard of living was independent of government policy. The argument could even be extended to cover some insurance markets where similar crowding out arguments would apply. However, it should be kept in mind that the reasoning was based on some very strong assumptions that need ...
... distribution of the standard of living was independent of government policy. The argument could even be extended to cover some insurance markets where similar crowding out arguments would apply. However, it should be kept in mind that the reasoning was based on some very strong assumptions that need ...
The Global Politics of Attention and Social Policy Transformati
... “European” factors such as good schooling, high skill levels, a history of capitalist industrial organization, and reliable social protection systems, including unemployment and health insurance. Successful integration into global, but particularly European, trade and production networks appears to ...
... “European” factors such as good schooling, high skill levels, a history of capitalist industrial organization, and reliable social protection systems, including unemployment and health insurance. Successful integration into global, but particularly European, trade and production networks appears to ...
Aalborg Universitet The Danish Welfare Commission Gjerding, Allan Næs
... reports, preparing the grounds for a thorough public debate. The Commission comprises nine independent resource people from universities, organisations and private firms supported by a secretariat and (independently) corresponding with the Danish government. The Commission released its main report o ...
... reports, preparing the grounds for a thorough public debate. The Commission comprises nine independent resource people from universities, organisations and private firms supported by a secretariat and (independently) corresponding with the Danish government. The Commission released its main report o ...
Welfare Effect of Monopoly Innovation - Economics E
... French economy. They found considerable allocative welfare losses, between 0.85% and 7.39% of GDP, and the welfare loss due to X-inefficiencies was as high as 5% of GDP. However, their estimates were highly tentative due to a lack in data quality and methodological difficulties. ...
... French economy. They found considerable allocative welfare losses, between 0.85% and 7.39% of GDP, and the welfare loss due to X-inefficiencies was as high as 5% of GDP. However, their estimates were highly tentative due to a lack in data quality and methodological difficulties. ...
Executive summary - independent.gov.uk
... projections. This raises population growth and reduces the old-age dependency ratio, since migrants to the UK are more likely to be of working age than the native population. ...
... projections. This raises population growth and reduces the old-age dependency ratio, since migrants to the UK are more likely to be of working age than the native population. ...
Welfare Effect of Monopoly Innovation - Economics E
... losses due to monopoly pricing might be greater than what Harberger (1954) and Schwartzman (1960) computed. Stigler (1956) used Harberger’s (1954) welfare model and his own estimates of profits, and assumed a range of reasonable values for the elasticity of demand. He thought the limits within which ...
... losses due to monopoly pricing might be greater than what Harberger (1954) and Schwartzman (1960) computed. Stigler (1956) used Harberger’s (1954) welfare model and his own estimates of profits, and assumed a range of reasonable values for the elasticity of demand. He thought the limits within which ...
Fiva-ngs05 762327 en
... between revenue of sub-central government levels according to their ability to determine revenue sources autonomously. Strict use of account data, which is common in the fiscal decentralization literature, may give rise to confounded results because correspondence between budgetary items and actual ...
... between revenue of sub-central government levels according to their ability to determine revenue sources autonomously. Strict use of account data, which is common in the fiscal decentralization literature, may give rise to confounded results because correspondence between budgetary items and actual ...
uppsatsfinal - Lund University Publications
... It should here be noted that most scholars recognise that all theories are ideal types and are incapable of fully understanding the complexity of reality. At the end of the day the issue being analysed plays the most importance part for whether choosing this or that dimension and/or perspective. Sin ...
... It should here be noted that most scholars recognise that all theories are ideal types and are incapable of fully understanding the complexity of reality. At the end of the day the issue being analysed plays the most importance part for whether choosing this or that dimension and/or perspective. Sin ...
japan`s welfare-state regime: welfare politics, provider
... The “Korean welfare state dispute” was fought over the current state of these social policies in Korea. At one end of the spectrum are the people who assert that at the end of the 1990s Korea rapidly became a welfare state and strengthened state responsibility in the adverse circumstances of the IMF ...
... The “Korean welfare state dispute” was fought over the current state of these social policies in Korea. At one end of the spectrum are the people who assert that at the end of the 1990s Korea rapidly became a welfare state and strengthened state responsibility in the adverse circumstances of the IMF ...
Choosing the Path of Austerity: How Policy Coalitions Shape
... parliamentary majority and thus integrate many players that would otherwise be in opposition rallying against the reform (see Lijphart (2012: 79-93)). The underlying logic is the same: austerity programs implemented by broad pro-reform coalitions inherent to minority governments and surplus coaliti ...
... parliamentary majority and thus integrate many players that would otherwise be in opposition rallying against the reform (see Lijphart (2012: 79-93)). The underlying logic is the same: austerity programs implemented by broad pro-reform coalitions inherent to minority governments and surplus coaliti ...
No. 37: Social Reforms. The Funding of
... Liberal reformers in Russia have long been eager to create markets for public services and reduce the state’s role in welfare provision. They see in-kind benefits as incompatible with a market economy that relies on hard-budget constraints and transactions that can be valued in cash terms. In 2000, G ...
... Liberal reformers in Russia have long been eager to create markets for public services and reduce the state’s role in welfare provision. They see in-kind benefits as incompatible with a market economy that relies on hard-budget constraints and transactions that can be valued in cash terms. In 2000, G ...
A Comparative Analysis of Varying Welfare States
... given for education, or the amount allotted for social security, just like they do with the age limit for social security. The government can take the initiative and create jobs to decrease the unemployment rate, encourage education to keep people from the workforce longer, or other forms of indirec ...
... given for education, or the amount allotted for social security, just like they do with the age limit for social security. The government can take the initiative and create jobs to decrease the unemployment rate, encourage education to keep people from the workforce longer, or other forms of indirec ...
Collapsing Worlds and Varieties of Welfare Capitalism: OCSID WORKING PAPER
... stratification index in Worlds portray the welfare state as an institution that emancipates individuals from the market and replaces class differences by status differences of its own, the liberal-coordination distinction of Varieties portrays social protection as commodifying, often reflecting the ...
... stratification index in Worlds portray the welfare state as an institution that emancipates individuals from the market and replaces class differences by status differences of its own, the liberal-coordination distinction of Varieties portrays social protection as commodifying, often reflecting the ...
Welfare regimes in Central and Eastern Europe
... ideologies (Kasza, 2002: 273). Next, because these policies have different histories, “the likelihood that they will somehow form a coherent ‘regime’ is low from the start and becomes increasingly less probable as a country’s policies multiply and age” (Kasza, 2002: 277). Thirdly, policy processes i ...
... ideologies (Kasza, 2002: 273). Next, because these policies have different histories, “the likelihood that they will somehow form a coherent ‘regime’ is low from the start and becomes increasingly less probable as a country’s policies multiply and age” (Kasza, 2002: 277). Thirdly, policy processes i ...
Welfare state
A welfare state is a concept of government in which the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens. It is based on the principles of equality of opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good life. The general term may cover a variety of forms of economic and social organization. The sociologist T.H. Marshall identified the modern welfare state as a distinctive combination of democracy, welfare, and capitalism.Modern welfare states include the Nordic countries, such as Iceland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland which employ a system known as the Nordic model. Esping-Andersen classified the most developed welfare state systems into three categories; Social Democratic, Conservative, and Liberal.The welfare state involves a transfer of funds from the state, to the services provided (i.e., healthcare, education, etc.), as well as directly to individuals (""benefits""). It is funded through redistributionist taxation and is often referred to as a type of ""mixed economy"". Such taxation usually includes a larger income tax for people with higher incomes, called a progressive tax. This helps to reduce the income gap between the rich and poor.