Neurotrophins: the biological paradox of survival factors
... The model of p75 as a constitutive death receptor was originally formulated by Bredesen and his colleagues (Rabizadeh et al, 1993). Based on the observation that immortalized neural cells overexpressing p75 display an enhanced rate of apoptosis in response to serum withdrawal, a mechanism of ligand- ...
... The model of p75 as a constitutive death receptor was originally formulated by Bredesen and his colleagues (Rabizadeh et al, 1993). Based on the observation that immortalized neural cells overexpressing p75 display an enhanced rate of apoptosis in response to serum withdrawal, a mechanism of ligand- ...
Document
... Cholinergic basal forebrain (BF) neurons (a) in normal physiological conditions and (b) as postulated in individuals with AD. In cholinergic neurons of the BF in individuals with AD, ChAT immunoreactivity, cell size and number, and NGF and TrkA levels are decreased. In the hippocampus of individuals ...
... Cholinergic basal forebrain (BF) neurons (a) in normal physiological conditions and (b) as postulated in individuals with AD. In cholinergic neurons of the BF in individuals with AD, ChAT immunoreactivity, cell size and number, and NGF and TrkA levels are decreased. In the hippocampus of individuals ...
Selective and differential interactions of BNN27
... affinity binding to the TrkA receptor (Kaplan and Miller, 2000). NGF also binds to and activates p75NTR, albeit with lower affinity compared to its precursor molecule, proNGF (Teng et al., 2005). The hallmark of the biological action of NGF in the nervous system is its potent anti-apoptotic and neurop ...
... affinity binding to the TrkA receptor (Kaplan and Miller, 2000). NGF also binds to and activates p75NTR, albeit with lower affinity compared to its precursor molecule, proNGF (Teng et al., 2005). The hallmark of the biological action of NGF in the nervous system is its potent anti-apoptotic and neurop ...
Nerve growth factor and nociception: from
... Despite the fact that NGF is not required for the continued survival of adult sensory neurons, this factor continues to be synthesized in the peripheral targets into adulthood. Indeed it has long been noted that the levels of NGF in the target correlate very well with the density of sympathetic and ...
... Despite the fact that NGF is not required for the continued survival of adult sensory neurons, this factor continues to be synthesized in the peripheral targets into adulthood. Indeed it has long been noted that the levels of NGF in the target correlate very well with the density of sympathetic and ...
Aurintricarboxylic Acid Rescues PC12 Cells and Sympathetic
... Oppenheim, 1978; Pilar and Landmesser, 1976) . In vitro, both "nuclear"- and "cytoplasmic"-like types ofdegeneration are observed when sympathetic neurons are deprived of NGF (Martin et al ., 1988) . The ultrastructural changes that take place during the "nuclear" type of degeneration resemble the m ...
... Oppenheim, 1978; Pilar and Landmesser, 1976) . In vitro, both "nuclear"- and "cytoplasmic"-like types ofdegeneration are observed when sympathetic neurons are deprived of NGF (Martin et al ., 1988) . The ultrastructural changes that take place during the "nuclear" type of degeneration resemble the m ...
INFUSION OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR (NGF) INTO KITTEN
... analysis of the basal forebrain regions of the same animals demonstrated that the NGF infused into cortex was biologically active, producing an increase in the number of NGF-, TrkA-, p75NTR -, and choline acetyltransferase-positive neurons in basal forebrain nuclei in the hemisphere ipsilateral to t ...
... analysis of the basal forebrain regions of the same animals demonstrated that the NGF infused into cortex was biologically active, producing an increase in the number of NGF-, TrkA-, p75NTR -, and choline acetyltransferase-positive neurons in basal forebrain nuclei in the hemisphere ipsilateral to t ...
Slide 1
... kinase docks adaptor and linker proteins (light blue), which engage signaling cascades often containing multiple kinases (red). The three principal signaling pathways illustrated are the (1) phospholipase C pathway, (2) RasMAP kinase pathway; and (3) PI-3 kinase pathway. These pathways lead to nucle ...
... kinase docks adaptor and linker proteins (light blue), which engage signaling cascades often containing multiple kinases (red). The three principal signaling pathways illustrated are the (1) phospholipase C pathway, (2) RasMAP kinase pathway; and (3) PI-3 kinase pathway. These pathways lead to nucle ...
PAIN - ISpatula
... the regulation of blood flow, vasodilation and increased blood flow • At the cellular level, NO can changes intracellular metabolic functions that modify neuronal excitability and influence neurotransmitter release • In the brain, NO acts as a neuromodulator to control behavioral activity, influence ...
... the regulation of blood flow, vasodilation and increased blood flow • At the cellular level, NO can changes intracellular metabolic functions that modify neuronal excitability and influence neurotransmitter release • In the brain, NO acts as a neuromodulator to control behavioral activity, influence ...
BH3-only proteins: key regulators of neuronal apoptosis
... and human genes (Jonathan Gilley and Jonathan Ham, unpublished observations). Site-directed mutagenesis and DNA binding studies will need to be performed to establish the role of these sequences. Overexpression studies and experiments with bim antisense oligonucleotides or neurons isolated from bim ...
... and human genes (Jonathan Gilley and Jonathan Ham, unpublished observations). Site-directed mutagenesis and DNA binding studies will need to be performed to establish the role of these sequences. Overexpression studies and experiments with bim antisense oligonucleotides or neurons isolated from bim ...
Promega Notes: Primer Pairs for Neurotrophic Factor mRNA Analysis
... CNS of lower order species. NGF, the classic target-derived neurotrophic factor, acts through two distinct receptors - p75NTR and the TrkA receptor (1). Many neuronal types, especially sympathetic neurons cultured from neonatal animals, require NGF for survival (2). Moreover, NGF 'knockout' mice exh ...
... CNS of lower order species. NGF, the classic target-derived neurotrophic factor, acts through two distinct receptors - p75NTR and the TrkA receptor (1). Many neuronal types, especially sympathetic neurons cultured from neonatal animals, require NGF for survival (2). Moreover, NGF 'knockout' mice exh ...
Regulation of Nerve Growth Factor Receptor Gene Expression by
... steady-state NGF receptor mRNA levels was mediated at the transcriptional level. In contrast, although NGF treatment increased steady-state tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA levels, this effect was not blocked by cycloheximide, and was not due to increased transcription. These data raise the possibility tha ...
... steady-state NGF receptor mRNA levels was mediated at the transcriptional level. In contrast, although NGF treatment increased steady-state tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA levels, this effect was not blocked by cycloheximide, and was not due to increased transcription. These data raise the possibility tha ...
Activation of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor through Conformational
... domains that was transiently disrupted by conformational changes induced upon NGF binding. Although mutation of Cys257 did not alter the oligomeric state of p75NTR, the mutant receptor was no longer able to propagate conformational changes to the cytoplasmic domain upon ligand binding. We propose th ...
... domains that was transiently disrupted by conformational changes induced upon NGF binding. Although mutation of Cys257 did not alter the oligomeric state of p75NTR, the mutant receptor was no longer able to propagate conformational changes to the cytoplasmic domain upon ligand binding. We propose th ...
C. elegans
... The spinothalamic pain pathway: C fibers to 2nd order projection neurons to brain Spinothalamic tract= main pain pathway stem & thalamus ...
... The spinothalamic pain pathway: C fibers to 2nd order projection neurons to brain Spinothalamic tract= main pain pathway stem & thalamus ...
U0126: A Novel, Selective and Potent Inhibitor of MAP Kinase Kinase
... of various MAP kinases in cellular regulation by extracellular stimuli. The availability of SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38, has made it possible to identify effects mediated by or requiring active p38 protein kinase (4). Similarly, the availability of another inhibitor, PD098059, which inhibi ...
... of various MAP kinases in cellular regulation by extracellular stimuli. The availability of SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38, has made it possible to identify effects mediated by or requiring active p38 protein kinase (4). Similarly, the availability of another inhibitor, PD098059, which inhibi ...
PDF
... In this experiment the concentration of NGF was, inadvertently, somewhat lower than in the experiments on sensory ganglia and produced a mean score of 2-5 under standard conditions. Analysis of variance showed that the interaction between groups and treatments was, under these conditions, not signif ...
... In this experiment the concentration of NGF was, inadvertently, somewhat lower than in the experiments on sensory ganglia and produced a mean score of 2-5 under standard conditions. Analysis of variance showed that the interaction between groups and treatments was, under these conditions, not signif ...
Pea3 Transcription Factor Family Members Etv4 and Etv5 Mediate
... TrkA revealed that NGF is essential not only for neuronal survival but also for the establishment of correct target innervation (Patel et al., 2000). Target-derived NGF elicits both local and long-range effects, which require retrograde signaling from the distal axon (DA) to the cell body (CB) and i ...
... TrkA revealed that NGF is essential not only for neuronal survival but also for the establishment of correct target innervation (Patel et al., 2000). Target-derived NGF elicits both local and long-range effects, which require retrograde signaling from the distal axon (DA) to the cell body (CB) and i ...
Review Mitochondrial movement and positioning in axons
... mitochondria (Morris and Hollenbeck, 1993), we have focused on signals that affect axonal outgrowth, particularly neurotrophins. Neurotrophins are trophic factors that act via the Trk family of receptor tyrosine kinases and several downstream intracellular signaling pathways to support the growth, s ...
... mitochondria (Morris and Hollenbeck, 1993), we have focused on signals that affect axonal outgrowth, particularly neurotrophins. Neurotrophins are trophic factors that act via the Trk family of receptor tyrosine kinases and several downstream intracellular signaling pathways to support the growth, s ...
Nerve growth factor improves visual loss in childhood optic
... with OPG (Gu et al., 2014). Reduced RNFL thickness due to RGC axonal loss has actually been associated with clinically evident visual loss in children with OPGs. At present, no specific therapy is available for OPGinduced visual impairment (Kalin-Hajdu et al., 2014). Nerve growth factor (NGF) was the ...
... with OPG (Gu et al., 2014). Reduced RNFL thickness due to RGC axonal loss has actually been associated with clinically evident visual loss in children with OPGs. At present, no specific therapy is available for OPGinduced visual impairment (Kalin-Hajdu et al., 2014). Nerve growth factor (NGF) was the ...
binding, internalization, and retrograde transport of `251
... the actions of NGF in target cells. It may be that plasma using modified 35-mm culture dishes (Hawrot and Patmembrane-localized binding of NGF mediates a set of terson, 1979; Hawrot, 1980). The growth of non-neuronal rapid responses, such as the efflux of Na+ ions (Skaper cells was prevented by trea ...
... the actions of NGF in target cells. It may be that plasma using modified 35-mm culture dishes (Hawrot and Patmembrane-localized binding of NGF mediates a set of terson, 1979; Hawrot, 1980). The growth of non-neuronal rapid responses, such as the efflux of Na+ ions (Skaper cells was prevented by trea ...
PDF
... above except that the cells were plated at a density of approximately ten times less. It was found possible to measure only the maximum lengths of the fibres produced by individual cells and to determine the number of bipolar and of unipolar cells using this method of culture. Other quantitative wor ...
... above except that the cells were plated at a density of approximately ten times less. It was found possible to measure only the maximum lengths of the fibres produced by individual cells and to determine the number of bipolar and of unipolar cells using this method of culture. Other quantitative wor ...
Notes
... adjacent to the membrane. The inositol group can be phosphorylated, yielding different membrane bound phosphoinositides. The levels of phosphoinositides are regulated by extracellular signals. One of them, PIP2 binds many cytosolic proteins to the plasma membrane, where they function. PIP2 is also c ...
... adjacent to the membrane. The inositol group can be phosphorylated, yielding different membrane bound phosphoinositides. The levels of phosphoinositides are regulated by extracellular signals. One of them, PIP2 binds many cytosolic proteins to the plasma membrane, where they function. PIP2 is also c ...
Spatiotemporal Patterns of Expression of NGF and the Low
... mandible of an E15.5 embryo hybridized to ~75 MX=Rantisense riboprobe. Note the extensive ~75~~~ expression throughout the mesenchyme of the maxillary process. G, Dark-field photomicrograph of section adjacent to F and hybridized to NGF antisense riboprobe. Note transcripts are confined to the epith ...
... mandible of an E15.5 embryo hybridized to ~75 MX=Rantisense riboprobe. Note the extensive ~75~~~ expression throughout the mesenchyme of the maxillary process. G, Dark-field photomicrograph of section adjacent to F and hybridized to NGF antisense riboprobe. Note transcripts are confined to the epith ...
6AOGPFTarget
... • The movement of growth cones is guided by both attractive and repulsive cues, which either activate or inhibit actin polymerization or the attachment of cell surface receptors to this substrata. • Two early theories: i. Axons advance more or less randomly and were “fine-tuned” as they reached thei ...
... • The movement of growth cones is guided by both attractive and repulsive cues, which either activate or inhibit actin polymerization or the attachment of cell surface receptors to this substrata. • Two early theories: i. Axons advance more or less randomly and were “fine-tuned” as they reached thei ...
Does Loss of Nerve Growth Factor Receptors Precede Loss of
... band of Broca and the nucleusbasalisof Meynert (Fig. lA-C). Within cell bodies,the reaction product wasconcentratedat the neuronal membrane and in the perinuclear area. No immunostaining was observed in the striatum. In brains from AD patients, immunoreactivity was globally decreasedin the nucleusba ...
... band of Broca and the nucleusbasalisof Meynert (Fig. lA-C). Within cell bodies,the reaction product wasconcentratedat the neuronal membrane and in the perinuclear area. No immunostaining was observed in the striatum. In brains from AD patients, immunoreactivity was globally decreasedin the nucleusba ...