Download AP Lab Unit 2 Study Guide

STUDY GUIDE UNIT 2
BLOOD VESSELS
(EXTRA CREDIT PHOTOS)
Artery
Vein
Arteriole
Venuole
Capillary
BLOOD CELLS
(MICROSCOPE)
Neutrophil
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
STRUCTURES ON THE HUMAN HEART MODELS
TISSUE LAYERS OF THE HEART
A. myocardium
B. endocardium
C. visceral pericardium
HEART VESSELS
HEART STRUCTURES
A. pulmonary trunk
B. pulmonary veins (there are four)
C. pulmonary arteries
D. right coronary artery
E. left coronary artery
F. Circumflex artery
G. Coronary sinus
H. posterior interventricular artery
I. anterior interventricular artery
J. Right Brachiocephalic
K. Right subclavian
L. Right common carotid
M. Left common carotid
N. Left subclavian
O. aorta
P. superior vena cava
Q. inferior vena cava
1. Apex
2. Interventricular septum (IV septum)
3. Left ventricle
4. Right ventricle
5. Right atrium
6. Left atrium
7. Atrial septum
8. Chordae tendinae
9. Trabeculae carni
10. Mitral valve (bicuspid valve)
11. Tricuspid valve
12. Pulmonary semilunar valve
13. Aortic semilunar valve
14. Auricle
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STRUCTURES TO KNOW ON THE SHEEP HEART
TISSUE LAYERS OF THE
HEART
A. myocardium
B. endocardium
C. visceral pericardium
VEINS TO EXAMINE ON THE CAT
(these are not on the exam)
SUPERIOR VENA CAVA
INFERIOR VENA CAVA
BRACHIOCEPHALIC
SUBCLAVIAN
AXILLARY
BRACHIAL
EXTERNAL JUGULAR
INTERNAL JUGULAR
TRANSVERSE JUGULAR
MAXILLARY
FACIAL
SUPRASCAPULAR
SUBSCAPULAR
VERTEBRAL
INTERNAL THORACIC (mammary)
AZYGOUS
SUPRARENAL
RENAL
GONADAL
LUMBAR
EXTERNAL ILIAC
INTERNAL ILIAC
MIDDLE SACRAL
FEMORAL
DEEP FEMORAL
GREAT SAPHENOUS
POPLITEAL
STRUCTURES
1. Apex
2. Interventricular septum (IV septum)
3. Left ventricle
4. Right ventricle
5. Right atrium
6. Left atrium
7. Papillary muscles
8. Chordae tendinae
9. Tricuspid valve
10. Mitral valve (bicuspid valve)
11. Trabeculae carni
12. Aortic semilunar valve
ARTERIES TO EXAMINE ON THE CAT
(these are not on the exam)
BRACHIOCEPHALIC
SUBCLAVIAN
AXILLARY
BRACHIAL
COMMON CAROTID
EXTERNAL CAROTID
MAXILLARY
FACIAL
INTERNAL THORACIC (mammary)
SUPRASCAPULAR
SUBSCAPULAR
VERTEBRAL
THORACIC AORTA
POSTERIOR INTERCOSTALS
ABDOMINAL AORTA
CELIAC TRUNK
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC
INFERIOR MESENTERIC
SUPRARENAL
RENAL
GONADAL
LUMBAR
EXTERNAL ILIAC
INTERNAL ILIAC
MEDIAN SACRAL
FEMORAL
DEEP FEMORAL
SAPHENOUS
POPLITEAL
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FLAT MAN VESSELS
Aortic Arch
Thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta
Inferior vena cava
Brachiocephalic Vein
Subclavian A/V
Axillary A/V
Brachial A/V
Common Carotid
External Jugular Vein
Abdominal Aorta
Hepatic A/V
Splenic A/V
Superior Mesenteric
Inferior Mesenteric
Renal A/V
Gonadal A/V
Common Iliac Artery
External Iliac Artery
Internal Iliac Artery
Femoral A/V
Saphenous Artery
Greater Saphenous Vein
Popliteal Artery
TORSO MAN MODELS
Aortic Arch
Inferior vena cava
Superior vena cava
Brachiocephalic Vein
Subclavian Vein
Common Carotid
External Jugular Vein
Posterior Intercostal A/V
Abdominal Aorta
Celiac Trunk
Superior Mesenteric
Inferior Mesenteric
Suprarenal Vein
Hepatic A/V
Splenic A/V
Renal A/V
Gonadal A/V
Common Iliac A/V
External Iliac Artery
Internal Iliac A/V
Femoral A/V
Lumbar A/V
SKULL MODEL ARTERIES
Common Carotid
External Carotid
Internal Carotid
Maxillary
Facial
Vertebral
Circle Of Willis
Also know that the pituitary gland sits in the sella turcica
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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM QUESTIONS
Which fetal heart CHAMBER is where blood is most highly oxygenated? Right atrium
Which fetal VESSEL is where blood is most highly oxygenated? Umbilical vein
Which fetal vessel carries oxygenated blood from the placenta? Umbilical vein
What is the hole between the fetal atria? Foramen ovale
What is the foramen ovale called in adults? Fossa ovalis
What is the connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta? Ductus arteriosus
What is the name for the venous vessel leading to the liver? Hepatic portal vein (not hepatic vein!)
A portal system is a ________ system within the ________system Capillary/venous
What does the term “common” mean in the circulatory system? That a vessel will branch
into two other vessels with the same name.
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM HISTOLOGY
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
Pituitary gland (anterior and posterior)
Pineal gland (pinealocytes and pineal sand)
Pancreas (Islet of Langerhans secretes insulin and acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes)
Thymus gland (cortex and medulla)
Adrenal gland (cortex and medulla)
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM QUESTIONS
Thyroid gland (secretes thyroid hormone and calcitonin)
Parathyroid gland (secretes parathyroid hormone)
Pituitary gland (secretes FSH, etc. The neurohypophysis stores and releases hormones
produced in the hypothalamus)
Pancreas (secretes insulin; lack= diabetes mellitus)
Thymus gland (site of maturation of white blood cells)
Function of endocrine system is to maintain homeostasis
Adrenal gland (secretes cortisol, epinephrine, aldosterone)
Ovary (also an endocrine gland; secretes estrogen)
Testes (secretes testosterone)
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