Download unit 11 simple life forms outline

UNIT 11
SIMPLE LIFE FORMS
CHAPTER 20: BACTERIA AND VIRUSES
Bacteria
- Prokaryotes
- Size
- Two Domains
o Bacteria
o Archaea
- Two Kingdoms
o Eubacteria
o Archaebacteria
- Identifying Bacteria
o Shapes: Bacilli, Cocci, and Spirilla
o Cell Walls
 Peptidoglycan
 Gram Positive and Gram Negative
o Movement
- Metabolic Diversity
o Heterotrophs
 Chemoheterotrophs
 Photoheterotrophs
o Autrotrophs
 Photoautotrophs
 Chemoautotrophs
o Releasing Energy
 Obligate Aerobes
 Obligate Anaerobes
 Facultative Anaerobes
- Growth and Reproduction
o Binary Fission
o Conjugation
o Spore Formation
 Endospore
- Importance of Bacteria
o Decomposers
o Nitrogen Fixers
 Nitrogen Fixation
o Bioremediation
o E. coli in Intestines
o Food Industry
Viruses
- Viruses
- Structure
o Genome
 DNA
 RNA
o Capsid
o Capsomere
o Membrane Envelope
o Surface Proteins
o “Bacteriophage”
- Viral Infection
o Lytic
o Lysogenic
 Prophage
- Retrovirus
- Chart on Page 483 Comparing Viruses to Cells
Diseases Caused by Bacteria and Viruses
- Pathogens
- Bacterial Disease in Humans
o Use of Cells as Food
o Releasing Toxins
o Preventing Bacterial Disease
 Vaccines
 Antibiotics
o Chart on Page 486 of Diseases Caused by Bacteria
- Bacterial Disease in Animals
o Bacillus anthracis
- Controlling Bacteria
o Sterilization
o Disinfectants
o Food Storage and Processing
- Viral Disease in Humans
o Chart on Page 489
- Viral Disease in Animals
- Viral Disease in Plants
- Viroids
- Prions
CHAPTER 21: PROTISTS
The Kingdom Protista
- Protist
- Evolution of Protists
- Classification of Protists
Animallike Protists: Protozoans
- Zooflagellates
- Sarcodines
o Amoeboid Movement
o Food Vacuole
- Ciliates
o Internal Anatomy
 Trichocysts
 Macronucleus
 Micronucleus
 Gullet
 Anal Pore
 Contractile Vacuole
o Conjugation
- Sporozoans
- Aniamllike Protists and Disease
o Malaria
o Trypanosoma
o Giardia
- Ecology of Aniamllike Protists
Plantlike Protists: Unicellular Algae
- Chlorophyll and Accessory Pigments
o Chlorophyll a and b
o Accessory Pigments
- Euglenophytes
o Eyespot
o Pellicle
- Chrysophytes
- Diatoms
- Dinoflagellates
- Ecology of Unicellular Algae
o Phytoplankton
o Algal Blooms
Plantlike Protists: Red, Brown, and Green Algae
- Red Algae
- Brown Algae
- Green Algae
o Unicellular Green Algae
o Colonial Green Algae
o Multicellular Green Algae
- Reproduction in Green Algae
o Alternation of Generations
o Reproduction in Chlamydomonas
o Reproduction in Ulva
 Gametophyte
 Spores
-
 Sporophyte
Human Uses of Algae
Funguslike Protists
- Slime Molds
- Water Molds
- Ecology of Funguslike Protists
CHAPTER 21: FUNGI
The Kingdom Fungi
- Heterotrophic
- Cell Walls
o Chitin
- Structure and Function of Fungi
o Hyphae
o Mycelium
o Fruiting Body
- Reproduction in Fungi
o Asexual and Sexual
o Sporangia
o Sporangiophores
- Spreading of Fungi
Classification of Fungi
- Common Molds
o Phylum Zygomycota
 Zygospores
 Rhizoids
 Stolons
 Gametangia
 Life Cycle
- Sac Fungi
o Phylum Ascomycota
 Life Cycle
 Conidia
 Ascus
 Ascospores
 Yeasts
 Budding
- Club Fungi
o Phylum Basidiomycota
 Basidium
 Basidiospores
 Life Cycle
 Club Fungi Diversity
 Edible and Inedible Mushrooms
-
Imperfect Fungi
o Phylum Deuteromycota
 Penicillium
 Conidia
Ecology of Fungi
- Heterotrophism
o Saprobes
- Decomposers
- Parasites
o Plant
o Human
o Other Animals
- Symbiotic Relationships
o Lichens
o Mycorrhizae