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STATISTICS TOPIC OUTLINE I. Descriptive Statistics A. Methods of summarizing data i. Frequency Distribution ii. Graphical presentation iii. Distribution shapes B. Measure of central tendency i. Mean, median, mode, midrange ii. Summation notation and introductory formulae C. Measure of dispersion i. Range ii. Variance and standard deviation iii. Summation notation and formulae iv. Interpretation of dispersion v. Instructions in the use of hand calculators and computers D. Measure of position i. Z scores ii. Percentiles II. Probability A. Introduction i. Basic terminology, definitions and notation ii. Addition and multiplication rules iii. Complementary events iv. Permutations and combinations B. Probability distributions i. Discrete and continuous random variables ii. Mean, variance and expectation iii. Gambling as an application C. Binomial probability i. Binomial formula ii. Mean and standard deviation iii. Practical applications D. Normal distribution i. Meaning of scores ii. Area under the normal curve iii. Use of z tables iv. Central Limit Theorem v. Applied problems III. STATISTICAL INFLUENCE A. Definition of hypothesis i. Formulation of null and research hypothesis ii. Type I and II errors iii. Level of significance B. Testing procedures i. One and two tailed tests ii. Determination of critical values iii. Statistical decisions (summarizing the results of an experiment) C. Sample tests of significance i. Mean ii. Proportion D. Estimates and sample sizes i. Confidence intervals for mean, proportions ii. Determination of sample size iii. Relationship between hypothesis test and confidence intervals E. Two samples tests of significance i. Dependent means (matched pairs) ii. Independent means iii. Proportions IV. CORRELATION AND REGRESSION A. Linear Correlation i. Scatter diagrams ii. Correlation coefficient, calculation and interpretation B. Linear regression i. Method of least squares ii. Equation and use of regression lines V. CHI SQUARE DISTRIBUTION A. Multinomial problems B. M by N Contingency tables VI. ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE A. Variance between samples and variance within samples B. Interpretation of results VII. NONPARAMETRIC METHODS A. Advantages and drawbacks B. Sign test C. Runs test for random VIII. ADDITIONAL TOPICS A. Sampling procedures B. Experimental design
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