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Fall
List 4
Name
1. stress—a force that acts on a rock to change its shape or volume
2. shearing—stress that pushes a mass of rock in opposite directions
3. tension—stress that stretches a rock so that it becomes thinner in the
middle
4. compression—stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
5. deformation—a change in the volume or shape of the Earth’s crust
6. fault—a break or crack in Earth’s lithosphere along which the rocks
move
7. hanging wall-the block of rock that forms the upper half of a fault
8. footwall—the block of rock that forms the lower half of a fault
9. fault-block mountain—a mountain that forms where a normal fault
uplifts a block of rock
10. fold-a bend in rock that forms where part of the Earth’s crust is
compressed.
11. anticline—an upward fold in rock formed by compression of Earth’s
crust
12. syncline—a downward form in rock formed by compression in Earth’s
crust
13. crust—the layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer surface
14. mantle—the layer of hot, solid material between the Earth’s crust and
core
15. core—Earth’s dense center
16. geologist—a scientist who studies the forces that shape the Earth
17. seismic waves—the vibration that travels through Earth as a result of an
earthquake
18. pressure—the amount of force pushing on a surface or area
19. lithosphere—a rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle
and crust
20. asthenosphere—the soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere
floats
21.inner core—a dense sphere of solid iron and nickel in the center of Earth