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Chapter 3 Science Notes
1. Nonvascular plants lack (Do not have) roots, leaves, and seeds.
2. Liverworts and mosses are the first plants to grow in new
environments.
3. Scientists hypothesize (guess) that plants evolved from green
algae.
4. Peat is the earliest stage of coal.
5. The oldest trees alive today are gymnosperms.
6. Xylem tissue is made up of tubular vessels that transport water
and minerals up from the roots throughout the plant.
7. Seed plants have roots, leaves, and vascular tissue.
8. The major function of leaves is to make the plants food.
9. Small pores in the leaf surface are called the stomata.
10.Monocots have one cotyledon (part) in their seeds, flower parts
in groups of three, and vascular bundles throughout the stem.
11.The cells in the palisade layer have chloroplast filled with
chlorophyll.
12.Ferns are the most abundant of the seedless vascular plants.
13.Stems have the functions to store food, allow material
movement between the roots and leaves, and support the above
ground plant parts.
14.Two examples of seedless nonvascular plants are moss and
liverworts.
15.Moss plants are held in place by threadlike tissues called
rhizoids.
16.Examples of vascular plants are trees, carrots, and rose bushes.
17.Roots have the functions to store food, absorb water and
minerals, and anchor the plant.