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Chapter 1
11Lecture
Lecture
HUMAN ANATOMY
Fifth Edition
Chapter 11
The Muscular System:
The Appendicular Musculature
Frederic Martini
Michael Timmons
Robert Tallitsch
Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Introduction
• Appendicular musculature:
– Muscles responsible for stabilizing the
pectoral and pelvic girdles and for moving the
upper and lower limbs.
Introduction
• Appendicular muscles account for roughly
40% of the skeletal muscles in the body.
• The two major groups of appendicular
muscles are:
– The muscles of the pectoral girdle and upper
limbs.
– The muscles of the pelvic girdle and lower
limbs.
• The functions and required ranges of
motion differ greatly between these
groups.
Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle
and Upper Limbs
• Muscles associated with the pectoral
girdle and upper limbs can be divided into
four groups:
– Muscles that position the pectoral girdle.
– Muscles that move the arm.
– Muscles that move the forearm and hand.
– Muscles that move the hand and fingers.
Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle
Figure 11.1 Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle
Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle
Figure 11.2 Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle
Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle
Figure 11.3 Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle
Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle
Figure 11.4 Superficial and Deep Muscles of the Trunk and Proximal Limbs
Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle
• Summary of the muscles that move the
pectoral girdle
PLAY
Pectoral Muscles
Muscles That Move the Arm
Figure 11.5a Anterior Arm
Figure 11.5b Posterior Arm
Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand
Figure 11.6b Anterior Forearm
Figure 11.7b Posterior Forearm
Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand
• Summary of the muscles of the upper limb
PLAY
Arm Muscles
Superficial Muscles That
Move the Hand and Fingers
Figure 11.8a Anterior Forearm
Figure 11.8d Posterior Forearm
Middle Layer of Muscles That
Move the Hand and Fingers
Figure 11.8b Anterior Forearm
Figure 11.8e Posterior Forearm
Deep Muscles That Move
the Hand and Fingers
Figure 11.8c Anterior Forearm
Figure 11.8f Posterior Forearm
Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers
• Summary of the muscles located in the
forearm
PLAY
Forearm Muscles
Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand
[insert fig 11.9a
Figure 11.9a Posterior Right Hand
[insert fig 11.9d
Figure 11.9d Anterior Right hand
Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle
and Lower Limbs
• The muscles of the lower limbs are larger
and more powerful than those of the upper
limbs.
• These muscles can be divided into three
groups:
– Muscles that move the thigh.
– Muscles that move the leg.
– Muscles that move the foot and toes.
Muscles That Move the Thigh:
Lateral Rotators and Extensors
Figure 11.10a Deep Posterior Hip
Figure 11.10c Gluteal Muscles
Muscles That Move the Thigh:
Adductors and Flexors
Figure 11.11a Deep Anterior Hip
Adductors and Flexors of the Thigh
• Summary of the muscles acting on the hip
PLAY
Hip Muscles
Muscles That Move the Leg: Extensors
Figure 11.12b Anterior Thigh Muscles
Figure 11.13a Lateral Thigh
Muscles That Move the Leg: Flexors
Figure 11.13b Medial Thigh Muscles
Figure 11.14a Posterior Thigh
Muscles That Move the Leg
• Summary of the muscles acting on the
knee
PLAY
Thigh Muscles
Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes
Figure 11.15a Superficial Sura
Figure 11.15c Deep Sura
Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes
Figure 11.16a Medial Leg
Figure 11.16b Lateral Leg
Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes
Figure 11.17a Anterior Leg
Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes
Figure 11.17 Anterior Leg
Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes
• Summary of the muscles in the leg
PLAY
Leg Muscles
Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot
Figure 11.18a Dorsal Foot
Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot
Figure 11.18c Sectional Foot
Figure 11.18d Superficial Plantar View
Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot
Figure 11.18e Deep Foot
Figure 11.18f Superficial Plantar View
Fascia, Muscle Layers, and Compartments
• Dense connective tissue layers provide a
structural framework for the soft tissues of
the body.
• The connective tissue fibers of the deep
fasciae support and interconnect adjacent
skeletal muscles but permit independent
movement.
• The deep fascia extends between the
bones and the superficial fascia and
separates the soft tissues of the limb into
separate compartments.
Compartments of the Upper Limb
Figure 11.19a,b,d,e Musculoskeletal Compartments of the Upper Limb
Compartments of the Upper Limb
Figure 11.19c,f Musculoskeletal Compartments of the Upper Limb
Compartments of the Lower Limb
Figure 11.20a-d Musculoskeletal Compartments of the Lower Limb
Compartments of the Lower Limb
Figure 11.20e Musculoskeletal Compartments of the Lower Limb