Download CHAPTER 24- Practice Exercise

CHAPTER 24- Practice Exercise
A. Kweyete
Organic Chemistry
1. Which of the following is (are) a saturated hydrocarbon? (underline your choice)
alkane
alkyne
alkene
cycloalkane
cycloalkene
aromatic hydrocarbon
2. Identify the following general formulas as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and cycloalkanes.
CnHn
CnH2n
CnH2n+2
CnH2n-2
Alkyne
alkenes, cycloalkanes alkanes
(cycloalkenes), alkynes, (diene)
3. Which one of the following is (are) an alkene with a carbon-carbon double bond?
C4H10
C6H14
C4H8
CH4
C6H10
C2H2
C5H10
C2H2
C6H6
4. How many carbon atoms are in each of the following contain?
Butane
Octane
Nonane
Propyne
4
8
9
3
5. Write the IUPAC name for each of the following structure.
Acetylene
2
cycolpentane
5
CH3
(a) CH3 - CH - CH2 - CH - CH2 - CH3
CH3
(d)
(b) CH2 - CH2 - CH - C (CH3)2 - CH3
CH3
C -H
CH3
CH3 - CH - CH2 - CH3
CH3 - CH2 - CH - CH3
(e)
CH3 - CH - CH2 - C = CH2
Br
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
Br
(g)
(c) H - C
(h)
CH3
Cl
.a) 2,4-dimethylhexane
.b) 2,2,3-trimethylhexane
.c) ethyne
.d) 3,4-dimethylhexane
.e) 2,4-dimethyl-1-pentene
.f) 2-pentene
.g) 1-bromo,2-methyl-benzene
.h) cis-1-bromo-4-chloro-cis-2,3-dimethylcyclohexane
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(f)
CH3 - CH2 - CH = CH - CH3
6. Write the condensed structures for the following compounds.
(a) 3, 3, 4- trimethylheptane CH3CH2C(CH3)2CH(CH3)(CH2)2CH3
(b) 2, 3- dimethylbutane CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)2
(c) 1, 3- dibromopentane CH2BrCH2CHBrCH2CH3 .
(d) 3, 4- dimethylhexane
CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH3
(e) cis- 2, 3- dichloro-2-butene cis-CH3CCl=CClCH3
(f) trans- 1, 2- dibromocyclobutane trans-C4H6(Br)2 .
(g) 4- ethyl- 3, 3- dimethylheptane
CH3CH2C(CH3)2CH(C2H5)(CH2)2CH3
(h) p- xylene
p-(CH3)C6H4(CH3)
(i) m – chlorobenzoic acid
m-ClC6H4COOH
(j) Diethyl ether
CH3CH2OCH2CH3 .
(k) 3 - nitrophenol m-(NO2)C6H4OH
(l) cyclobutylcyclopentane C5H9(C4H7)
7. Which class of functional group do the following belong to?
O

(a)  OH alcohol___ (b)  CHO aldehyde___ (c)  C - H _aldehyde
(e)  CO  carbonyl ( f)  NH2
( g)  O 
amine
O

(d)  C  OH carboxylic acid
(i)  COO 
ether
esther
8. Complete the following sentences:
(a) The term hydrocarbon is used to denote compounds that contain carbon & hydrogen, only.
(b) Pentane and isopentane are what type of isomer? ( structural, geometrical )
(c) Dichlorobenzene has 3 aromatic isomers. (ortho, meta, para isomers)
(d) Cyclohexene has 2 hydrogen less than cyclohexane.
(e) Alcohols have higher boiling point due to hydrogen bonding.
9. Match the following general formulas.
(a) R - OH
(b) R - CHO
(c) R - COOH
(e) ( I ) Ether
(d) ( V ) Ketone
(f) ( III) Ester
(g) (VII) Amine
(d) R - CO – R
(e) R - O - R
(b) ( II ) Aldehyde
(f) R - COOR
(g) R - NH - R
(a) ( VI) Alcohol
(c) ( IV) Carboxylic acid
10. Which of the following compounds does contain a carbonyl group? Please circle.
I. Aldehyde
II. Alcohol III. Ketone IV. Ether V. Ester VI. Amine VII. Amide
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VII.Carboxylic acid
11.Identify(classify) the following oxygen-containing compounds as ketone, aldehyde, ether, ………
O
a) CH3-CH2 - COOH
b) CH3 - CO - CH3
O - CH3
e)
c)
OH
H - C - CH2 - CH3
d)
CH 3 - CH - CH3
CH3
f)
CH - O - CH2 - CH3
g) CH3 - CO - NH - CH3
CH3
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
carboxylic acid
ketone
aldehyde
alcohol
ether
ether
amide
12. Name the following alcohols.
a)
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2OH
b) CH3 - CH2 - CH - CH3
OH
d)
CH2 - CH2
OH
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
e)
c) CH3 - COH - CH2 - CH3
OH
CH3
CH3
f) CH3 - CHOH - CH3
g) CH3 - C - CH2OH
CH3
OH
butanols
2-butanol
2-methyl-2-butanol
Ethylene glycol
Phenol
2-propanol (OR Isopropyl alcohol)
2,2-dimethyl propanol
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13. Name the following alkyl groups.
a) CH3-
b) CH3 - CH2-
c) CH3 - CH2 - CH2-
d)
CH3 - CH -
e) CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 -
CH3
CH3
f) CH3 - CH - CH2 -
g) CH3 - CH2 - CHCH3
CH3
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
h) CH3 - C -
CH2 i)
j)
CH3
methyl
ethyl
propyl
isopropyl
n-butyl
isobutyl
secondary butyl
tertiary butyl
phenyl
benzyl
14. How many structural isomers do the following compounds have?
C3H8
1
C4H10
2
C5H12
3
C6H14
5
C4H9Cl
4
C3H5Br
4
15. Identify the following pairs as structural isomers, geometrical isomers, alike, or non-isomers.
I.
II. CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH - CH3 and
and
CH3 - CH - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
CH3
Br
III.
Br
and
IV.
Br
V.
and
Br
CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH- CH3
CH3
and
CH2 - CH3
CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH- CH3
I. structural isomers
II. alike
III. geometrical isomers*****
IV. structural isomers
V. non-isomers
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CH3
16. What is the product of the following reactions.
HBr
b) CH3 - CH = CH -CH3
a) CH3 - CH2 - CH = CH2
c) CH3 - CH(CH3) - CH3
ether
Br2 / light
d)
+ Br2
H2 / Pd(C)
or Ni(s)
e) C3H8 + O2
g)
Br2 /CCl4
H+
f) CH3 -OH + CH3 - COOH
OH
FeBr3
h)
+ CH3OH
H+
COOH
OH
i)
+ CH3COOH
CHOOH
j)
k) C17H35COO CH2CH3 + NaOH
+ CH3CH2Cl
l) CH3CH2OH + CH3CH2OH
a) CH3-CH2-CHBr-CH3
b) CH3-CHBr-CHBr-CH3
c) CH3-CBr(CH3)-CH3
d)
e) 3CO2 + 4H2O
O
║
f) CH3-O-C- CH3
g)
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AlCl3
H+
h)
O
║
C-OCH3
OH
i)
j)
k) C17H35COONa + C2H5OH
l) CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 .
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