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Chapter 18 Vocabulary Ecology
1. Ecology
2. Interdependence
3. Ecological Model
4. Biosphere
5. Ecosystem
6. community
7. population
8. habitat
9. biotic factor
10. a biotic factor
11. tolerance curve
12. acclimation
13. conformer
14. regulator
15. dormancy
16. migration
17. niche
18. generalist
19. specialist
20. producer
21. chemosynthesis
22. gross primary productivity
23. biomass
24. net primary productivity
25. consumer
26. herbivore
27. carnivore
28. omnivore
29. detritivore
30. decomposer
31. trophic level
32. food chain
33. food web
34. biogeochemical cycle
35. groundwater
36. water cycle
37. transpiration
38. carbon cycle
39. nitrogen cycle
40. nitrogen fixation
41. nitrogen-fixing bacteria
42. ammonification
43. nitrification
44. denitrification
45. phosphorous cycle
Chapter 19 Vocabulary Populations
1. population
2. population density
3. dispersion
4. birth rate
5. death rate
6. life expectancy
7. age structure
8. survivorship curve
9. growth rate
10. immigration
11. emigration
12. exponential model
13. limiting factor
14. logistic model
15. carrying capacity
16. density-independent factor
17. density-dependent factor
18. inbreeding
Chapter 20 Vocabulary Community
Ecology
1. predation
2. interspecific competition
3. symbiosis
4. parasitism
5. mutualism
6. commensalism
7. species richness species evenness
8. species-area effect
9. disturbance
10. stability
11. ecological succession
12. primary succession
13. secondary succession
14. pioneer species
15. climax community
Chapter 21 Vocabulary Ecosystems
1. biome
2. tundra
3. permafrost
4. tropical forest
5. canopy
6. epiphyte
7. coniferous tree
8. deciduous tree
9. temperate deciduous forest
10. taiga
11. temperate grassland
12. savanna
13. chaparral
14. desert
15. aphotic zone
16. photic zone
17. intertidal zone
18. neritic zone
19. oceanic zone
20. pelagic zone
21. benthic zone
22. plankton
23. estuary
24. eutrophic lake
25. oligotrophic lake
26. freshwater wetland
Chapter 22 Vocabulary Humans
and Environment
1. environmental science
2. geosphere
3. hydrosphere
4. atmosphere
5. biosphere
6. ozone layer
7. greenhouse effect
8. biodiversity
9. species diversity
10. genetic diversity
11. pollution
12. smog
13. CFC
14. biological magnification
15. acid precipitation
16. extinction
17. keystone species
18. sustainability
19. conservation biology
20. restoration biology
21. bioindicator
22. biodiversity hotspot
23. ecotourism
24. urban ecology
Chapter 17 Vocabulary
Classification
1. biodiversity
2. taxonomy
3. taxon
4. kingdom
5. domain
6. phylum
7. division
8. class
9. order
10. family
11. genus
12. species
13. binomial nomenclature
14. subspecies
15. systematics
16. phylogenetics
17. phylogenetic diagram
18. cladistics
19. shared character
20. derived character
21. clade
22. cladogram
23. bacteria
24. archaea
25. eukarya
26. eubacteria
27. archaebacteria
28. protista
29. fungi
30. plantae
31. animalia
Chapter 32 Vocabulary Intro to
Animals
1. animal
2. vertebrate
3. invertebrate
4. specialization
5. ingestion
6. zygote
7. differentiation
8. chordate
9. notochord
10. dorsal nerve cord
11. pharyngeal pouch
12. symmetry
13. radial symmetry
14. dorsal
15. ventral
16. anterior
17. posterior
18. bilateral symmetry
19. cephalization
20. germ layer
21. segmentation
22. exoskeleton
23. gill
24. open circulatory system
25. closed circulatory system
26. hermaphrodite
27. larva
28. endoskeleton
29. vertebra
30. integument
31. lung
32. kidney
33. fertilization
34. cleavage
35. blastula
36. gastrulation
37. gastrula
38. archenteron
39. blastopore
40. ectoderm
41. endoderm
42. mesoderm
43. acoelomate
44. pseudocoelom
45. coelom
46. protostome
47. deuterostome
48. schizocoely
49. enterocoely
Chapter 33 Vocabulary Sponges,
Cnidarians, Ctenophores
1. sponge
2. sessile
3. choanocyte
4. ostium
5. osculum
6. sponging
7. spicule
8. filter feeding
9. amoebocyte
10. gemmule
11. regeneration
12. hermaphrodite
13. medusa
14. polyp
15. epidermis
16. gastrodermis
17. mesoglea
18. gastro vascular cavity
19. tentacle
20. cnidocyte
21. nematocyst
22. nerve net
23. planula
24. coral reef
25. colloblast
26. apical organ
27. bioluminescence
Chapter 34 Vocabulary Platy
helminthes, nematode
1. pharynx
2. flame cell
3. cerebral ganglion
4. eyespot
5. fluke
6. tegument
7. primary host
8. intermediate host
9. schistosomiasis
10. scolex
11. proglottid
12. cyst
13. roundworm
14. cuticle
15. hookworm
16. trichnosis
17. pinworm
18. filarial worm
19. elephantiasis
20. rotifer
21. mastax
22. cloaca
23. parthenogenesis
Chapter 35 Vocabulary Mollusks
and Annelids
1. trochophore
2. visceral mass
3. mantle
4. mantle cavity
5. ganglion
6. radula
7. gastropod
8. hemolymph
9. hemocoel
10. bivalve
11. incurrent siphon
12. excurrent siphon
13. cephalopod
14. seta
15. Para podium
16. crop
17. gizzard
18. typhlosole
19. aortic arch
20. nephridium
21. clitellum
22. seminal receptacle
23. chitin
Chapter 36 Vocabulary Arthropods
1. arthropod
2. appendage
3. chitin
4. compound eye
5. molting
6. trilobite
7. tagma
8. mandible
9. chelicerae
10. nauplius
11. cirrus
12. isopod
13. decapod
14. cephalothorax
15. thorax
16. carapace
17. abdomen
18. antenna
19. antennule
20. cheliped
21. swimmeret
22. telson
23. uropod
24. digestive gland
25. green gland
26. arachnid
27. pedipalp
28. spinneret
29. book lung
30. trachea
31. spiracle
32. Malpighian tubule
Chapter 37 Vocabulary Insects
1. entomology
2. labrum
3. labium
4. tympanum
5. ovipositor
6. metamorphosis
7. incomplete metamorphosis
8. nymph
9. complete metamorphosis
10. pupa
11. pheromone
12. social insect
13. innate behavior
14. worker bee
15. queen bee
16. drone
17. royal jelly
18. queen factor
19. altruistic behavior
20. kin selection
Chapter 38 Vocabulary
Echinoderms and Invertebrate
Chordates
1. echinoderm
2. ossicle
3. water-vascular system
4. tube foot
5. test
6. pedicellaria
7. madreporite
8. stone canal
9. ring canal
10. radial canal
11. ampulla
12. cardiac stomach
13. pyloric stomach
14. bipinnaria
15. atriopore
Chapter 39 Vocabulary Fishes
1. vertebrae
2. cranium
3. gill arches
4. chemoreception
5. lateral line
6. external fertilization
7. cartilage
8. placoid scale
9. ganoid scale
10. internal fertilization
11. swim bladder
12. lobe-finned fish
13. ray-finned fish
14. operculum
15. countercurrent flow
16. optic tectum
17. spawning
Chapter 40 Vocabulary
Amphibians
1. preadaptation
2. tadpole
3. mucous gland
4. pulmonary circulation
5. systemic circulation
6. pulmonary respiration
7. cutaneous respiration
8. duodenum
9. ileum
10. mesentery
11. vent
12. nictitating membrane
13. tympanic membrane
14. columella
15. amplexus
Chapter 41 Vocabulary Reptiles
1. dinosaur
2. asteroid impact hypothesis
3. amniotic egg
4. amnion
5. yolk sac
6. allantois
7. chorion
8. albumen
9. keratin
10. septum
11. alveolus
12. Jacobson’s organ
13. thermoregulation
14. ectotherm
15. endotherm
16. oviparity
17. ovoviviparity
18. viviparity
19. placenta
20. carapace
21. plastron
22. autotomy
23. constrictor
24. elapid
25. viper
Chapter 42 Birds
1. furcula
2. feather
3. follicle
4. shaft
5. vane
6. barb
7. barbule
8. preen gland
9. sternum
10. pygostyle
11. crop
12. proventriculus
13. gizzard
14. vas deferens
15. oviduct
16. brood patch
17. precocial
18. altricial
19. ornithologist
20. syrinx
21. crop milk
Chapter 43 Mammals
1. endothermy
2. mammary gland
3. synapsid
4. therapsid
5. monotreme
6. oviparous
7. marsupial
8. viviparous
9. placental mammal
10. placenta
11. diaphragm
12. incisor
13. canine
14. premolar
15. molar
16. baleen
17. rumen
18. cecum
19. echolocation
20. pinniped
21. ungulate
22. prehensile appendage
23. anthropoid primate
24. opposable thumb
25. great ape
26. bipedalism
27. hominid
28. australopithecine
29. human
Chapter 44 Vocabulary Animal
Behavior
1. ethologist
2. behavior
3. innate behavior
4. fixed action pattern
5. learning
6. habituation
7. operant conditioning
8. classical conditioning
9. reasoning
10. imprinting
11. sensitive period
12. aggressive behavior
13. territory
14. dominance hierarchy
15. courtship
16. communication
17. aposematic coloration
18. mimicry
19. pheromone
20. social behavior
21. circadian rhythm
22. hibernation
23. migration
Chapter 45 Vocabulary Human
Body
1. muscle tissue
2. skeletal muscle
3. smooth muscle
4. cardiac muscle
5. nervous tissue
6. neurons
7. epithelial tissue
8. connective tissue
9. matrix
10. organ
11. cranial cavity
12. spinal cavity
13. diaphragm
14. thoracic cavity
15. abdominal cavity
16. pelvic cavity
17. skeleton
18. axial skeleton
19. appendicular skeleton
20. periosteum
21. compact bone
22. Haversian canal
23. osteocyte
24. spongy bone
25. bone marrow
26. fracture
27. ossification
28. epiphyseal plate
29. joint
30. semimovable joint
31. movable joint
32. ligament
33. synovial fluid
34. rheumatoid arthritis
35. osteoarthritis
36. muscle fiber
37. striation
38. fascicle
39. voluntary muscle
40. involuntary muscle
41. myofibril
42. myosin
43. actin
44. Z line
45. sarcomere
46. tendon
47. origin
48. insertion
49. flexor
50. extensor
51. muscle fatigue
52. oxygen debt
53. epidermis
54. keratin
55. melanin
56. dermis
57. exocrine gland
58. sweat gland
59. oil gland
60. sebum
Chapter 46 Vocabulary Circulatory
and Respiratory
1. cardiovascular system
2. lymphatic system
3. atrium
4. ventricle
5. valve
6. aorta
7. sinoatrial node
8. atrioventricular node
9. pulse
10. artery
11. blood pressure
12. hypertension
13. capillary
14. vein
15. pulmonary circulation
16. systemic circulation
17. atherosclerosis
18. lymph
19. plasma
20. erythrocyte
21. hemoglobin
22. leukocyte
23. phagocyte
24. antibody
25. platelet
26. fibrin
27. blood type
28. antigen
29. Rh factor
30. respiratory system
31. external respiration
32. internal respiration
33. lung
34. pharynx
35. epiglottis
36. trachea
37. larynx
38. bronchus
39. bronchiole
40. alveolus
41. inspiration
42. diaphragm
43. expiration
Chapter 47 Vocabulary Body’s
Defenses
1. infectious disease
2. pathogen
3. Koch’s postulates
4. mucous membrane
5. inflammatory response
6. histamine
7. phagocyte
8. neutrophil
9. macrophage
10. natural killer cell
11. macrophage
12. natural killer cell
13. complement system
14. interferon
15. immune system
16. lymphocyte
17. thymus
18. spleen
19. B cell
20. T cell
21. antigen
22. immune response
23. helper T cell
24. cell-mediated immune response
25. cytotoxic T cell
26. humoral immune response
27. plasma cell
28. antibody
29. memory cell
30. immunity
31. vaccination
32. allergy
33. asthma
34. autoimmune disease
35. AIDS
36. HIV
37. opportunistic infection
Chapter 48 Vocabulary Digestive
and Excretory
1. nutrient
2. vitamin
3. mineral
4. dehydration
5. digestion
6. gastrointestinal tract
7. saliva
8. pharynx
9. epiglottis
10. peristalsis
11. gastric fluid
12. ulcer
13. cardiac sphincter
14. chyme
15. pyloric sphincter
16. gallbladder
17. villus
18. colon
19. excretion
20. renal cortex
21. renal medulla
22. renal pelvis
23. urea
24. ammonia
25. urine
26. nephron
27. Bowman’s capsule
28. glomerulus
29. renal tubule
30. filtration
31. reabsorbption
32. secretion
33. loop of Henle
34. ureter
35. urinary bladder
36. urethra
Chapter 49 Vocabulary Nervous
system
1. nervous system
2. neuron
3. dendrite
4. axon
5. action potential
6. axon terminal
7. myelin sheath
8. synapse
9. neurotransmitter
10. membrane potential
11. resting potential
12. refractory period
13. central nervous system
14. peripheral nervous system
15. cerebrum
16. cerebral cortex
17. brain stem
18. thalamus
19. hypothalamus
20. medulla oblongata
21. cerebellum
22. nerve
23. sensory receptor
24. motor neuron
25. interneuron
26. somatic nervous system
27. reflex
28. autonomic nervous system
29. Sense organ
30. auditory canal
31. tympanic membrane
32. Eustachian tube
33. cochlea
34. semicircular canal
35. retina
36. cornea
37. pupil
38. iris
39. lens
40. rod
41. cone
42. taste bud
43. papilla
44. olfactory receptor
45. drug
46. psychoactive drug
47. dependence
48. addiction
49. tolerance
50. withdrawal
51. stimulant
52. depressant
53. blood alcohol concentration
54. nicotine
55. emphysema
Chapter 50 Vocabulary
Endocrine system
1. hormone
2. endocrine gland
3. endocrine system
4. exocrine gland
5. amino acid-based hormone
6. steroid hormone
7. target cell
8. receptor
9. second messenger
10. neuropeptide
11. prostaglandin
12. hypothalamus
13. pituitary gland
14. thyroid gland
15. adrenal gland
16. epinephrine
17. nor epinephrine
18. cortisol
19. gonad
20. puberty
21. luteinizing hormone
22. follicle-stimulating hormone
23. estrogen
24. progesterone
25. androgen
26. testosterone
27. insulin
28. diabetes mellitus
29. melatonin
30. negative feedback
31. positive feedback
Chapter 51 Vocabulary
Reproductive
1. testis
2. seminiferous tubules
3. scrotum
4. epididymis
5. vas deferens
6. seminal vesicle
7. prostate gland
8. bulbourethral gland
9. semen
10. penis
11. ejaculation
12. ovary
13. fallopian tube
14. uterus
15. cervix
16. vagina
17. vulva
18. labium
19. ovum
20. ovarian cycle
21. menstrual cycle
22. follicular phase
23. follicle
24. ovulation
25. corpus luteum
26. luteal phase
27. menstruation
28. menopause
29. gestation
30. blastocyst
31. implantation
32. pregnancy
33. trimester
34. embryo
35. amniotic sac
36. chorionic villus
37. placenta
38. umbilical cord
39. human chorionic gonadotropin
40. fetus
41. labor
42. afterbirth