Download body system objectives

Body System Topics
These topics should be used a guideline for what will be included in the project(s) you choose to
complete. We will cover all of this information in class. These topics should also serve as a review for the
test.
Skeletal System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Explain the functions of the skeletal system.
2. Identify the twenty-four major bones of the body that we learned in class on a diagram.
3. Examine and describe the composition of bone and how they grow and form.
4. Compare and contrast the structure and function between the 4 major kinds of moveable joints: ball and
socket, hinge, pivot, gliding
5. Injuries or disorders of the skeletal system and how you keep this system healthy.
Muscular System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the three types of muscles and explain the function and action (voluntary or involuntary) of each.
2. Why is it important that skeletal muscles work in pairs?
3. Compare and contrast the relationship between muscles, bones, and tendons.
4. Identify 10 major muscles of the body.
5. Discuss some diseases of the muscular system and list two ways people can keep their muscles healthy.
Integumentary System
OBJECTIVES
1. Explain the functions of the skin.
2. Examine and describe how skin helps the body maintain homeostasis and give an example.
3. Identify and describe all of the parts of the skin on a diagram.
4. Know some diseases of the integumentary system and ways that people can keep skin healthy.
The Digestive System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the organs of the digestive system on a diagram and explain each of their functions.
2. Explain why we vomit.
3. Understand how food travels through the digestive system and what organs are involved.. Important
information to know would be:
 Comparing mechanical digestion to chemical digestion.
 Discussing the importance of the liver and pancreas in digestion. List the substances they
produce and explain their function.
 Describing the structure of villi and explaining how its function is related to its structure.
You will have a test after these four systems which will also include levels of organization and
homeostasis.
The Circulatory System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Understand the life of a red blood cell. Starting with “birth” in the bone marrow and its lifelong journey
through the circulatory system and all the stops in other systems along the way. Know how blood travels
through the different parts of the heart, the functions of the circulatory system, how a red blood cell gains
and losses oxygen and carbon dioxide, and the other parts of blood (white blood cells, platelets, etc.).
2. Identify the parts of the heart on a diagram.
3. Explain the cause of blood pressure.
4. Compare and contrast blood types and how they determine what kind of blood a person can receive in a
transfusion.
5. Diseases of the heart and how to keep it healthy.
Respiratory System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the organs of the respiratory system on a diagram.
2. Explain the structures and functions of the parts of the respiratory system.
3. Explain what is happening to the ribs and diaphragm in the breathing process.
4. Describe what happens between the alveoli and the capillaries.
5. What is the relationship of smoking on respiration?
6. Explain how oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water move in the lungs.
The Excretory System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Label a diagram of the kidneys and its parts, including information about the structures and functions.
2. Explain how urine is produced in the kidneys and nephrons.
3. Relate the functions of the skin, kidneys, lungs and liver in the excretory process.
4. Explain how the kidneys help maintain homeostasis by regulating water balance in the body. .
The Immune System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Explain the functions of the immune system and how to keep it healthy.
2. Explain how disease causing pathogens get through all of the body barriers for disease prevention.
3. Explain the cause of infectious disease and identify the kinds of organisms that cause disease.
4. Describe HIV and how it can be spread.
5. Draw a diagram of the immune response.
Nervous System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe the basic structure and functions of the nervous system (receiving information, responding to
stimuli, and maintaining homeostasis).
2. Identify on a diagram and analyze the three types of neurons and explain how they operate.
3. List the parts of the central and peripheral nervous systems and discuss the function of each. Discuss the
structure and control centers of the brain and how they are organized.
4. Explain the path a nerve impulse travels (ex: like in a reflex).
5. Know activities that can harm the nervous system and describe ways that you can protect it during these
activities.
Endocrine System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the organs of the endocrine system on a diagram and describe their functions.
2. Examine hormones and explain the effects they have on the body.
3. Discuss the function of negative feedback in controlling hormone levels and draw an example.
Reproductive System
OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the organs of the male and female reproductive system on a diagram and discuss their functions.
2. Explain events that occur during the menstrual cycle.
3. List the stages of human development that occur before birth.
4. Describe the physical changes that occur during infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.