Download Chapters 8 and 10 Cell Division and DNA Review

Chapters 8 and 10 Cell Division and DNA
Review
1. The sequence of events such as growth and reproduction in a cell is called
_________________. List and describe the five stages of the cell cycle:
___________________________________________________________.
2. Most of a cell’s life (G1, S, and G2) is spent in _____________________.
3. To fit in a cell _____ must wrap tightly around proteins in.
4. ____________________ is the process by which bacteria divide.
5. ___________________ are identical halves of a chromosome.
6. ___________________ is the protein disk attaching the chromatids together in a
chromosome.
7. ________________ cells include body cells (cells other than sperm and egg).
8. Diploid number is 12. Haploid number is ______.
9. ______________________: results in each new cell after cytokinesis having an
exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the original cell
10. After mitosis of a typical human cell (46 chromosomes), the new cells will have
_____ chromosomes.
11. Identify the following as Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
1.
3.
5.
_____________ 2.
_______________
________________
4.
_________________
__________________________
12. List 1-4 on question 11 in the correct order of the phases in mitotic process.
13. ______________________: first and longest phase of mitosis; chromatin coils to
become visible chromosomes; centrioles and spindle fibers form.
14. ______________________: second and shortest phase of mitosis; spindle fibers
attach to centromeres; sister chromatids arranged along the equator.
15. ______________________: third phase; centromeres split and the sister
chromatids are pulled to opposite poles.
16. ______________________: fourth phase; chromosomes uncoil, spindles broken
down, nuclear envelope reappears; cytokinesis begins
17. ____________________ is the splitting of the cytoplasm to form two daughter
cells. Animal cells: _____________ forms. Plant cells: _____________ forms.
18. Control of the cell cycle occurs at three main ___________________.
19. What is cancer? Why does it occur? Describe the two types of tumors.
20. Where are the genetic instructions of life found?
What does DNA stand
for ?
What is a nucleotide?
What does a nucleotide of DNA consist of?
What part of DNA molecule is the name for DNA derived from?
20. What two scientists discovered the structure of DNA?
21. Adenine bonds with _______________. Guanine bonds with _____________.
22. The two strands of DNA are said to be _____________________ due to the strict
pairing rule pairing nitrogen bases.
23. What is the structure of DNA referred as?
Describe the
general structure (how are the parts connected?).
What type of bond holds the nitrogen bases together?
24. When is DNA copied?
What is the process that ensures that a
complete copy of DNA is available in the two daughter cells?
25. Describe replication of DNA.
26. Errors in DNA ____________ can cause mutations, cancer, and genetic variations
27. What enzyme unzips and breaks the bonds between the nitrogen bases in the
DNA?
What enzyme attaches new nitrogen bases and reads the
DNA?
28. How is RNA different from DNA?
A is
complementary to _________________ in RNA.
29. Name the three types of RNA.
What type of RNA
carries the instructions for making proteins to the ribosomes?
Which
type of RNA transfers amino acids to ribosomes?
30. Code the following:
DNA: AGG-TAT-CCC-GAG-CTA
mRNA:
tRNA:
30 Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA is called a _______________. Each nucleotide
triplet in tRNA is called an __________________.
31 ___________________________ is the process by which genetic information in
DNA is transferred to an mRNA molecule.
32 _______________________ is the process in which a ribosome binds to mRNA
and a protein is made. During translation the mRNA is paired with ___________.
33 _________________ bonds form between amino acids to form a protein.
34 The human genome contains _______________________ genes.