Download Cell Respiration Notes 2014

CELL RESPIRATION NOTES
1) Cell respiration is the process of using ______ to release
usable energy (ATP) from ________________
2) Cell respiration reaction
Sugar + oxygen  Carbon dioxide + water + ATP
____________ + __________  __________ + ___________ + _____________
3) Photosynthesis is the _______________reaction.
Photosynthesis:
In Chloroplasts:
Respiration:
In Mitochondria
Except Energy type
CO2 + H2O + SUN  Sugar + O2
Sugar + O2
 CO2 + H2O + ATP
4) Cell respiration occurs both in _________________ and ____________________
5) The respiratory system brings ___________________ in and ______________________out
6) Alveoli of the lungs, _________ diffuses into the capillaries
and CO2 diffuses out.
7) The circulatory system brings the ______________ in the
blood to the cells
8) Blood pathway:
`
Lungs  pulmonary artery  heart  ____________  capillaries
9) In the cells - In the capillaries in the body tissues:
Greater _______in blood diffuses into cells and
Greater _______ in cells diffuses out
The circulatory system also brings _________________ to the cells
10)Cell respiration is the complex process of cells burning sugar with ____________ to form
usable energy called _____________
11)The 2 types of cell respiration are aerobic “_______” and Anaerobic “__________”
12)Aerobic respiration - is the usual process of respiration occurs in the _____________
Aerobic means “with air” and occurs with _____ It produces up to 36 ATP per glucose
13)Anaerobic respiration - Occurs __________ Oxygen and produces only _____ ATP per
glucose. Fermentation is an anaerobic process.
14)Fermentation - Yeast and _____________ obtain energy through anaerobic respiration.
Fermentation forms three possible products _______________, Vinegar and Lactic acid
15)Cheese – cheese is made my __________________________ - See video
16)Bacteria can only use fermentation –
Because Prokaryotes have NO Membrane bound ______________  so No mitochondria
17)Lactic acid can form from over exercise or lack of training. Not enough oxygen can cause
painful lactic acid build up in ______________
18)Mitochondria – The organelle where ______________ Respiration occurs in the of the
cells. Prokaryotes have no mitochondria so they can only perform anaerobic respiration
19) The 3 stages of cell respiration are
A - Glycolysis
B – Krebs Cycle
C– Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
20) Glycolysis – Means _______________/ ____________________Occurs in the cytoplasm.
Glucose breaks into 2 Pyruvate molecules and Releases energy ____ ATP and _____ NADH
Diagram
C-C-C-C-C-C  C-C-C + C-C-C + 2 ATP + 2 NADH
21)Glycolysis NET energy –
2 ATP must be used to initiate glycolysis. BUT Glycolysis
produces 4 ATP
NET gain is 2 ATP
22)Two Paths after glycolysis
Oxygen present
Has mitochondria
Enter ____________
No Oxygen,
No Mitochondria
Ferment in ____________
23) Start respiration  Enter Mitochondria - Pyruvate is transported into mitochondria and
becomes acetyl CoA
_____________ is now needed for aerobic
respiration
24)Krebs Cycle –
Occurs in Matrix of mitochondria
Pyruvate is broken into __________ molecules
PURPOSE: Form ATP and electron carriers
( NADH and FADH2 )
25) Krebs Cycle – Goes around TWICE
TOTAL Products from 1 glucose
 _____ C02
 _____ ATP
 _____ NADH
 _____ FADH2
Electron carriers, NADH and FADH2 Must now be changed into ATP
26)Electron Transport System – Occurs in the inner Mitochondria membrane
Purpose - NADH and FADH2 form _________ as electrons go through the ETC
27) ETC electron flow
a) NADH and FADH2 lose H+ and
electrons
b) Electrons flow through ETC
c) Oxygen accepts electrons forming
water with the H+
28)Net ATP from aerobic respiration
2 ATP from glycolysis
2 ATP from Krebs
Rest of ATP from ETC
 Each NADH = 3 ATP
 Each FADH = 2 ATP
TOTAL = ___________ ATP
Note – NADH from Glycolysis must use 1
ATP to get inside mitochondria
Electron Transport Chain