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Biology 130
Dr. Matern
Sample Midterm 2
Part A: Fill-in. Write the appropriate answers in the space to the right.
Cells with no membrane-bound nucleus are called (1)____ cells.
Ribosomal subunits are made on specific structures called (2)____.
1. _________________
2. _________________
Stacked membranes in this organelle function to synthesize, modify,
store, sort, and export macromolecules. (3)____
The protein (4)____ in microfilaments is responsible for motion.
Solution Q is a 0.05M NaCl solution; P is 0.03M AlCl3 solution.
3. _________________
4. _________________
5. _________________
The osmolarity of solution P is (5)____.
6. _________________
Solution P is (6)____-tonic to solution Q.
In the central nervous system (7)____ cells form the myelin sheath.
Opening a potassium gate in a resting neuron will result in local
7. _________________
8. _________________
(8)___ -polarization.
The Calvin cycle (C3 pathway) takes place in the (9)____ of the
9. _________________
10. ________________
chloroplast.
The two products of the light-dependent reactions that are needed in
11. ________________
the Calvin cycle are (10)____ and (11)____.
The ATP made in glycolysis is made by a process called (12)____.
High levels of ATP inhibit glycolysis by inhibiting the reaction that
makes the 6-carbon compound called (13)____.
12. ________________
13. ________________
14. ________________
In order for mitochondria to use the proton gradient to make ATP, the
protons must pass through a protein complex called (14)____.
The internal membrane folds in mitochondria are called (15)____.
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15. ________________
Part B: In each of the following lists, three of the four items have something biological in
common. Circle the one that does not fit and make a positive statement which describes what is
common to the three but is not shared by the fourth.
1)
ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
lysosomes
2)
oxygen
carbon dioxide
FADH2
NADH
3)
Golgi complex
mitochondria
lysosomes
rough endoplasmic reticulum
4)
microglia
Schwann cells
motor neurons
oligodendrocytes
Part C: Short answer
1) Explain the differences in structure and function of the smooth and rough endoplasmic
reticulum.
2) Compare and contrast enzymes and transport proteins.
3) Explain how the signal transduction pathway of one hormone can be affected by the presence
of a different hormone.
4) There are two places in a plant cell where chemiosmosis takes place.
a) Name the two organelles where chemiosmosis occurs.
b) Describe the space where the protons are concentrated in each of the organelles.
c) Since energy is needed to make chemiosmosis work, identify the energy source that is
used for chemiosmosis in each of the two organelles.
5) If a human ate only PGAL (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) molecules and ingested 0.005 moles
of PGAL, calculate the following:
a) moles of ATP produced.
b) moles of CO2 produced.
c) moles of O2 used.
(Show your work!)
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