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Download Biliary and Pancreatic Anatomy
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Biliary and Pancreatic Anatomy Liver Gallbladder Common bile duct Pancreas Pancreatic duct Duodenum Pancreatic Anatomy Islet cell secreting hormones Insulin and glucagon Blood Cells secreting pancretic juice Duodenum Pancreas Pancretic duct Common bile duct Pancreatic Secretions Cell Type Component Function: • Acinar Enzymes Digestion • Ductal HCO3 and Water Protection Digestion PANCREATIC ACINAR CELL ATP Secretin Adenyl cyclase Ach IP3 Ca2+ stores ? Ca2+ ? CCK Primary Stimulus The Hormones also Modulate Enzyme Expression Enzymes cAMP Pancreatic Duct Cell Ca2+ CCK Regulators of Pancreatic Secretion Cell Type • Acinar PrimaryActivator Potentiator CCK / Ach Secretin (Ca2+ ) • Ductal Secretin (cAMP ) Cephalic and Gastric: Neural – Ach Intestinal : Hormonal CCK / Ach Liver Hepatic Ducts Right Left Common Bile Duct Pancreatic Duct Cystic Duct Gallbladder Ampulla of Vater Sphincter of Oddi Duodenal Lumen • Excretory Component - Bilirubin, Drug Metabolites. • Secretory Component - Bile: Produced and Filtered by Hepatocytes Primary Bile Acids: Cholic Acid, Chenodeoxycholic Acid - Secondary Bile Acids - Formed by Bacteria in the Intestine : Deoxycholic Acid, Lithocholic Acid Bile Acids Primary bile acids Fraction of Total Secondary bile acids 80% 20% Cholic acid Deoxycholic acid Cholesterol Cholesterol 7-hydroxylase Amphipathic Carboxylic Acids Chenodeoxycholic acid Liver Lithocholic acid Intestine Bile Acids are Amphipathic Have both Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic domains Formation Co-Lipase of Micelles C Hepatic cell plate Bile canaliculus Central vein Kupffer cell Venous sinusoid Terminal bile duct Portal venule To Systemic Circulation Aorta LIVER HEPATIC Celiac (700) (200) STOMACH SPLEEN Portal (1800) Vein mls/min PANCREAS Superior Mesenteric (700) SMALL INTESTINE COLON Inferior Mesenteri c (400) Rates: ml/min Enterohepatic Circulation Liver Cholesterol 7-hydroxylase Cholesterol Newly synthesized bile acids (0.6 g/24 h) Portal vein Excreted bile acids (0.6 g/24 h) 2-4g bile-acid pool : circulated 6 - 10 times in 24 h Colon Bile ducts Stomach Small intestine SECRETIONS of the INTESTINES Information pertaining to the next 3 slides is found in the Lecture Notes for the last Lecture Cell Loss Villous epithelium Blood vessels Lymph vessels Nerves Smooth muscle Connective tissue lymphocytes Plasma cells Eosinophiles Absorptive cells Goblet cells Muscularis mucosa Endocrine cells Crypt lumen Undifferentiated Goblet Mitoses Endocrine cells Crypt epithelium Secretions of the Small Intestine (2000 ml/day) • Crypts of Lieberkuhn: Small and Large Intestine - Contain Primarily Epithelial Cells, Mucus Goblet Cells, and Endocrine Cells. - Water Secretion - VIP Activates Water Secretion by Elevating cAMP and Cl- conductance. - Cell Growth and Differentiation: Cell Turnover at the Tip of a Villus is High (3-6 day Cycle). Crypt Secretion Cl- Na+ cAMP PDte Cl- ? Ca2+ 3 Na+ ATP ADP + Pi 2 K+ H2O Key Players: cAMP Activated Cl- Channel Na+ / K+ / Cl- Co-transport Na-K ATPase Na+ - K+ 2 Cl VIP – neurotransmitter Histamine also can activate
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