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Transcript
Name_____________________________________________________________ EVENT French and Indian War Treaty of Paris Proclamation of 1763 WHEN Events Leading Up to the American Revolution FACTS AND DETAILS IMPORTANCE Sugar Act Stamp Act Sons and Daughters of Liberty Committees of Correspondence Townshend Acts Boston Massacre Boston Tea Party Coercive Acts First Continental Congress Lexington and Concord Second Continental Congress Battle of Bunker Hill Olive Branch Petition Declaration of Independence Articles of Confederation ANSWER KEY EVENT French and Indian War Treaty of Paris Proclamation of 1763 WHEN FACTS AND DETAILS IMPORTANCE 1754-1763 -Britain and France both claimed land in the Ohio Valley -Began in North America and spread to Europe -Native Americans fought for both sides but mostly the French -Colonies need help to fight French so Parliament sends army to help -French and British start fighting in Europe too -Spain joins French -ends in 1763 -Britain spent a lot of money on war -Needed to find a way to pay off cost of war 1763 -Ended the French and Indian War -Gave Britain most of Canada, all French lands east of the Mississippi River and Spanish Florida -France lost most of its land in North America -Ended the war -Designated lands in North America 1763 -King George III tried to end fighting between Native Americans and colonists -Made announcement that all lands west of the Appalachian Mountains belonged to the Native Americans -Many colonists ignored proclamation -Colonists did not like being told what to do by the King Sugar Act Stamp Act Sons and Daughters of Liberty 1764 -Passed to raise money for Britain -Taxed sugar and molasses brought into the colonies from the West Indies -Hurt shipping businesses in the New England Colonies -Tax angered colonists 1765 -Placed a tax on paper items -Colonists were against taxation without representation (“no taxation without representation”) -Colonists were angered because they were not being represented in the decisions being made about taxes 1765-1766 -Sons captured chased and captured tax collectors -Daughters spun thread and cloth instead of buying British goods -Helped colonists work together and oppose the Stamp Act and others like it Committees of Correspondence Townshend Acts Boston Massacre 1764 -Groups who wrote letters to one another about what was happening in their town and colony -Helped colonists spread information quickly and protest British policies 1767 -Taxed imports such as glass, tea, paint and paper -Set up new group of tax collectors -Showed that Parliament believed it still had the right to make laws for the colonists -Led to more boycotts and decreased sales of British goods in the colonies -Parliament repealed all taxes except tax on tea -Colonist boycotted goods and sales of British goods went down in the colonies -Protests grew so the number of British soldiers in the colonies grew -Presence of soldiers angered colonists March 5, 1770 -Large crowd of angry colonists gathered near British soldiers -Colonists shouted and threw rocks and snowballs at the soldiers -Crowd moved forward, soldiers got knocked down and the soldiers fired -Some colonists were killed -Killings only further angered the colonists Boston Tea Party Coercive Acts First Continental Congress December 16, 1773 -Tea Act allowed East India Company to have a monopoly on tea -Sons of Liberty dressed as members of the Mohawk tribe and dumped 300 chests of tea in the Boston Harbor -Boston Tea Party angered British leaders -Parliament passed Coercive Acts to punish colonists March 1774 -One law closed the port of Boston until the colonists paid for the destroyed tea -British Navy blockaded Boston Harbor -Britain stopped the Massachusetts legislature from meeting -Britain ordered the colonists to quarter British soldiers -Colonists were afraid Britain would punish then further so they called for a meeting September 1774 -Colonial leaders met in Philadelphia and sent a petition to the king reminding him that they deserved the basic rights of British citizens -Set May 10, 1775 as the deadline for Parliament to respond -Congress voted to stop most trade with Britain and to form militias -Forming of militias and the Minutemen led to Lexington and Concord Lexington and Concord Second Continental Congress Battle of Bunker Hill April 1775 -General Gage learned that Adams and Hancock were meeting in Lexington and that Minutemen had weapons in Concord -They planned to arrest leaders and Minutemen and take the weapons -Colonists were informed of the British march and were ready and waiting when the troops arrived -Men were killed on both sides -Marked the beginning of the American Revolution May 10, 1775 -Colonies formed Continental Army with George Washington as commander in chief -Congress asked colonies for money to pay for food, guns and uniforms -Congress printed its own Continental Currency -Prepared the colonists for war June 17, 1775 -Colonists built earthworks for defense at Breed’s Hill -British troops came to capture Breed’s Hill -Fighting began and colonists ran out of ammunition and were forced to retreat -British won but suffered heavy losses -Battle of Breed’s Hill was wrongly named for the nearby Bunker Hill -Britain realized fighting the colonists would not be as easy as they had once thought Olive Branch Petition Declaration of Independence Articles of Confederation July 5, 1775 July 4, 1776 1777 -Petition sent to King George III asking for peace -King George III was so angered about the Battle of Bunker Hill by the time he received the petition that he promised to do whatever was necessary to crush the colonists’ rebellion -preamble told why the Declaration was needed and why the colonies has the right to break away from Britain and form a new nation -second part described the colonists’ main ideas about government including that all people have certain rights that cannot be taken away -longest part listed the grievances against King George III and Parliament and ways the colonists had tried to settle their differences peacefully -last part stated the colonies were free and independent states -After the first public reading of the Declaration, colonists who supported independence tore down pictures and statues of King George III -Declaration was signed by members of Second Continental Congress -Signing it was dangerous because if Americans lost the war, signing it would be an act of treason -Declaration inspired people to work for freedom and equal rights -plan to unite the 13 states -each state would govern itself but all would work together on national issues -approved by Congress in 1777 -each state elected representatives to serve in the national legislature -each state had one vote in Congress -Articles left most power with the states and limited the national government because colonies feared a strong central government -no one state wanted to be under the control of another state -Articles made Congress depend on the states for the nation’s defense (states would provide the soldiers)
