Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Research overview
Document related concepts
Transcript
Research in Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, PSU Research in the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences includes aspects of all facets of the study of drugs, including: the finding of new potential drug particularly from natural source, and/or using synthetic chemistry; pharmacological studies of drug action of biological origins; formulation of drugs to achieve targeted responses; and researching aspects of medicinal and pharmaceutical practice. This research is focused on five main groups: Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Group Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Research Group Drug Action Research Group Health and Medicines Research Group Within these groups, some major globally recognized research centers exist. The Novel Drug Delivery Research Centre The Natural Products Research Centre 1 Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group In the Pharmaceutical Technology area research focusses on: (1) Delivery Technology and (2) Biopharmaceutics. Delivery Technology The Delivery Technology Group investigates in biological and physicochemical aspects of controlled delivery, and transport mechanisms across biological barriers. Research of this group involves to three research themes. Topical and Transdermal Delivery Systems Pulmonary Delivery Systems Polymeric Drug Delivery Biopharmaceutics The Biopharmaceutics Group investigates in the influence of drug molecular structure, physical property of drug and formulation adjuvants upon subsequent pharmacokinetics. This research is focused on two main groups: Pharmaceutics of Materials and Clinical Biopharmaceutics Research of the Pharmaceutics of Material and Clinical Biopharmaceutics Research Team includes all aspects of study in pharmaceutics of materials such as physical and thermal behavior, the contribution to the release both in vitro and in vivo as well as the stability of the drug. Cosmetic Science The work of the Cosmetic Science Research Team involves with discovery and development of new actives and natural ingredients as functional materials in cosmetics as well as studying in formulation technologies of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to get more effectively the formulation process every phase of cosmetic and drug development. 2 Topical and Transdermal Delivery Systems Co-ordinator: Dr. Chomchan Amnuaikit & Dr. Sarunyoo Songkro Research overview Topical and transdermal delivery is concerned with the delivery of drugs to the skin for local effects or across the skin for systemic therapy. Transdermal delivery of drugs can be a valuable alternative to the other routes of administration for example oral or intravenous routes. It has been reported that the transdermal route now competes with oral route as the most successful innovative research area in drug delivery, with about 40% of drug delivery candidate products under clinical evaluation involved in the transdermal drug delivery system. Advantages of the transdermal delivery include avoidance of irritation to the gastrointestinal tract, circumvention of the first-pass gut and liver metabolism and improved compliance. However, the skin itself has a formidable barrier to the local and systemic delivery of active ingredients from pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. The stratum corneum is the main barrier that limits the diffusion of drugs into the deeper layers of the skin. In order for drugs to be delivered into/through the skin, reversible methods for reducing the skin’s barrier properties must be employed. These methods include physical enhancement (i.e., iontophoresis, phonophoresis and electroporation) and chemical enhancement, which are the use of chemical penetration enhancers and other drug carrier systems such as liposomes, microparticles and nanoparticles. Among these, the use of penetration enhancer is a popular and practical technique. To date, an ideal penetration enhancer has not been found, yet. Therefore, one aim of our group is to investigate the chemical enhancement of transdermal drug delivery by skin penetration enhancers and examining their effects on the permeability characteristics of the skin. Furthermore, the development of safe and effective transdermal delivery patches as well as topical formulations are our research interests. Research areas Formulation development of topical and transdermal drug delivery Investigating of drugs released from topical and transdermal preparations using synthetic membrane In vitro percutaneous absorption of model drugs across natural skin membrane (animal/human) Study of mechanism of action of skin penetration enhancers 3 Research staffs Assist. Prof. Arunsri Sunthornpit, Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Dr. Somrutai Jitpukdeebodintra, Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Sarunyoo Songkro, Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Juraithip Wungsintaweekul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Dr. Chomchan Amnuaikit, Pharmaceutical Technology Collaboration Dr. Suree Chartwaingam, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkhla University Address Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkhla, THAILAND Tel: +66-74-28-8841 Fax: +66-74-42-8148 E-mail address: [email protected] [email protected] 4 Pulmonary Delivery Systems (PDS Research Team) Co-ordinator: Assoc. Prof. Dr Teerapol Srichana Research overview Pharmaceutical aerosols have been employed to deliver drugs for both localised and systematic effects. The performance of aerosolized drugs is determined by many physico-chemical and biological factors, of which the design of aerosol devices, morphology and crystal forms of drugs and excipients are the key areas of interest. Thus, characterisation of the inhaler device, engineering of drug and carrier crystals and formulation of dry powder for inhalation are essential elements. Dry powder inhalers have become established as delivery devices for drugs such as bronchodilators and steroids in the treatment of diseases of the respiratory tract. A particular advantage of this type of device is that it is breath-actuated, so most patients can easily be trained in its use. However, from fraction of the formulated dose that is delivered to the respiratory airways from commercially available devices is seldom greater than 10-15 %. Although this does not represent a problem with inexpensive drugs, it will not be the case with biotechnology. The formulation is often based upon the adherence of the micronised drug particles to the surface of an inert carrier such as lactose, the particle size of which is too large to penetrate the airways. It is therefore essential that, upon inspiration, sufficient turbulence be created by the device to dislodge the drug particles from the carrier. Pulmonary delivery of proteins and peptides has attracted much attention in recent years but formulation and aerosolization of these agents has remained to be a challenge since many proteins are susceptible to chemical and/or physical degradation. Therefore, the formulation and aerosolisation of aerosols containing proteins and peptides are also being investigated with a view to maintaining the biological activities of proteins and peptides, improving pulmonary deposition and absorption of these drugs. New biotechnology developments challenge pharmaceutical manufacturers, as many new drugs deteriorate when swallowed. An appealing delivery alternative is “breathing in” or inhaling medications. However, aerosol inhalers must be improved to meet environmental and economic challenges, and at the same time, they should deliver the correct amount of medicine to the appropriate lung tissue. In order to use the lung to deliver proteins and peptides into the systemic circulation there are two basic requirements. The first is that the macromolecule must possess a natural ab ility to be absorbed through the lung epithelium. The second is that a technology capable of delivering the molecule to the peripheral airways .efficiently and reproducibly is available 5 Research interests Macromolecules are predominantly absorbed from the peripheral airways where the epithelium is of the order of 0.2In order to reach this area the inspired aerosol needs to .m and the surface area is in excess 80 m2 3 –be 1 m in diameter, inhaled slowly and contained in the early part of the breath. Th e size and inspiratory flow rate requirements reduce the probability of impaction and loss in the upper airways. Early delivery of the aerosol bolus during the breath ensures sufficient chase air to wash the aerosol into the .(ml 400 –of the conducting airways is of the order of 300 peripheral lung (the dead space Protein chemicals are often prepared in the form of a freeze-dried cake which is reconstituted in water or diluent before use. However, in the dried state, proteins tend to be unstable and degrade leading to a loss in the biologic activity. Stabilisation of proteins in the solid state is therefore of fundamental importance. Various empirical findings related to protein conformation, residual water content, glass transition temperature and crystallinity will be investigated. Our research focuses on elucidating the mechanism responsible for protein stability in the dry forms. Being able to predict lung deposition from laboratory studies has been a problem of pharmaceutical aerosol science for many years. The basic need is in the area of product development and early clinical trials. The need to predict the dose delivered to the lungs prior to running expensive clinical trials is an obvious one. However, the use of predictive tools during product development is also invaluable since it allows formulation scientists and device engineers to develop products in a rational manner. The industrial hygiene groups around the world have long studied the relationship between aerosol particle size, breathing patterns and airway deposition. Their data and models have formed the basis for the study of the in vitro - in vivo relationships for pharmaceutical aerosols. However, in general these models have been developed to quantify aerosol exposure in the work place and as such are based on normal breathing patterns (i.e. tidal breathing) and the inhalation of stable aerosols (i.e. stable particle size distributions and similar aerosol concentrations throughout a breath). In contrast pharmaceutical aerosols are very dynamic in nature and the breathing patterns patients are asked to perform are quite artificial. For example patients using dry powder inhalers are usually asked to perform a “deep forceful inhalation”. This can result in peak inspiratory flow rates as high as 120 l/min. As a result of these differences it is not always possible to apply the environmental models directly to pharmaceutical aerosols. Measuring the particle size distribution of a pharmaceutical aerosol in a way that is meaningful in a clinical situation is also quite difficult. Aerosols are very dynamic and it is as important to assess velocity, as it is particle size. For general use the industry has adopted Fine Particle Fraction and Fine Particle Dose as measures of the quality (probability of penetration and deposition in the lung) rather than using complex models. These measures are based on the fraction or mass below a specified particle size and, provided the size is chosen appropriately, there appears to be some evidence of a correlation with lung 6 deposition. However, these correlations are very loose and for the most part are device and modality dependent. There are also a number of studies where investigators have used appropriately adapted lung deposition lung dose. The studies suggest that, provided aerosol size and dose are measured using ”predict“models to method and the models are adjusted for the breathing patterns used, reasonable in vitro an appropriate .prediction may be possible. The industry is still in search for a solution Quantitative measurement of deposition of aerosol drug particles in the lung is essential to the development of therapeutic formulation such as antituberculosis inhalation. To be effective, the drug particles must be able to gain assess to the alveoli. One of our research areas focuses on the physical factors affecting the generation of dry powder aerosols. The amount and location of the drug actually deposited in the lung can be indirectly measured by Chest x-ray. We also expect to titrate the dose for effective control of tuberculosis while side effects are reduced. Research staffs Dr. Teerapol Srichana, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Roongnapa srichana, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Collaboration Prof. Gary Martin, King’s College London, University of London, UK Prof. Chris Marriott, King’s College London, University of London, UK Prof. Timothy Wiedmann, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, USA Prof. Abraham J. Domb, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel Assoc. Prof. Hak-Kim Chan, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sydney University, Australia Dr. Petchawan Pungrassami, Tuberculosis Center 12, Yala Dr. Athip Nilkae, Department of Microbiology Address Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkla, 90112 Thailand 7 Tel/Fax 00-66-74-428-148 E-mail address: [email protected] 8 Polymeric Drug delivery & Biocontrol Products Co-ordinator: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ruedeekorn Wiwattanapatapee Research overview and Research interests Polymeric drug delivery is the most widely studied area of drug delivery in the recent past. Various synthetic as well as natural polymers have been investigated as carriers for controlled release and drug targeting. The term "Polymer Therapeutics" was used to describe the family of compounds and drug delivery technologies which use water soluble polymers as polymeric drugs, polymer-drug conjugates, polymerprotein conjugates and polymeric micelles. In collaboration with Prof. Ruth Duncan, Cardiff University, we are now working on polymer/dendrimer-drug and protein conjugates. Biocontrol products for plant diseases Using drug delivery technology, our groups produce many biocontrol products for agricultural application. In collaboration with the Faculty of Natural resources, some beneficial microorganisms e.g. Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus firmus in various formulations have been developed. The material from plant origin such as Derris, Stemona spp. etc was also developed as biopesticides products. Current research interests are focusing on : 1. Polymer-drug or protein conjugates for controlled release and drug targeting 2. Development of various biocontrol products in agriculture eg. Floating pellets, granules, tablets 3. Development of biopesticides products from plant origin Research staffs Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ruedeekorn Wiwattanapatapee, Pharmaceutical Technology Assoc. Prof. Dr. Arunporn Itharat, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Dr. Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dr. Chalermkiat Songkram, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dr. Kwunchit Oungbho, Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Jurithip Wungsintaweekul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Collaboration 9 Prof. Dr. Ruth Duncan, Centre for Polymer Therapeutics, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, UK. Prof. Dr. Joseph Kloepper, Auburn University, USA Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jiraporn Petcharat, Biocontrol research centre, Prince of Songkla University Assoc. Prof. Mana Kanjanamaneesathian, Bio-production Program, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus Asst. Prof. Ashara Pengnoo, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University Address Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand Tel: 66-74-288820 Fax: 66-74-428148 E-mail address: [email protected] 10 Pharmaceutics of Materials and Clinical Biopharmaceutics Co-ordinator: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Damrongsak Faroongsarng Research Overview Pharmaceutical materials may be classified in 2 categories, i.e., the active moieties and the excipients. Both play an important role in conventional and novel drug delivery performances. Understanding the physical and chemical properties of the materials is of importance to in-depth study on drug delivery systems. As it is known, the goal of the drug delivery is to optimize the therapeutics of the drug by optimal delivery to the sites of action with minimizing adverse effects. This can be achieved by an appropriate set conditions to let the active moieties and excipients in the drug delivery systems properly function that required in vitro physico-chemical characterization as well as in vivo characterization. Not only the therapeutic achievement, physico-chemical characterization is also the key to approach excellent drug products in terms of appearance and stability. The research is aimed at pharmaceutics of materials such as physical and thermal behavior, the contribution to the release both in vitro and in vivo as well as the stability of the drug. In addition, pharmacokinetic basis of the drug is integrated to investigate the drug bioavailability as well as its clinical performance. Research interests The main interests include: 1. Thermal and physical characterization of the materials and the drugs, for examples, purity studies of raw materials, phase transition, polymorphism, thermal behavior of bio-polymers, surface and interface characterization, porosity of surface, etc. 2. The bioavailabity and bioequivalence studies of the drug products as well as the clinical application of drug monitoring. 3. The dissolution improvement of hydrophobic drugs using solid dispersion technique 4. Buccal and dental formulations to prevent dental caries In addition to main interests, the research foci have been expanding to the use of chemicals and drugs in economic veterinary especially for shrimp farming, pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in shrimp, and industrial applications of chitin/chitosan obtained as by-products of frozen food industry. 11 Research staffs Assist. Prof. Dr. Nimit Worakul, Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Dr. Wibul Wongpoowarak, Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Dr. Adisorn Ratanaphan, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Assist. Prof. Narongsak Shingpaiboonporn, Pharmacy Admistration Assist. Prof. Dr. Srirat Gasiwong, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Assist. Prof. Naroubodee Padungsombat, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Assist. Prof. Aronsri Sunthornpit, Pharmaceutical Technology Collaboration Prof. G.E. Peck, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA Prof. Ampol Mitrivej, Mahidol University, Bangkok Dr. Ausa Chanampai, Faculty of Sciences, Prince of Songkla University Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rawee Teanpaisan, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University Address Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkhla, THAILAND 90112 Tel: +66-74-28-8841 Fax: +66-74-248-168 e-mail: [email protected] 12 Cosmetic Science Cosmetic and Formulation Development Research Team Co-ordinator: Assist. Prof. Dr Somrutai Jitpukdeebodintra & Assist.Prof. Arunsri Sunthornpit Research overview The aim of the Cosmetic and Formulation Development Group is to develop all aspects of product formulation from initial product concept. We formulate and develop products that adapt well to relate needs of cosmetic and pharmaceuticals to get more effectively the formulation process every phase of cosmetic and drug development, from discovery to preclinical and clinical development, and through to the marketing of the product. Pharmaceutical development is one of the most challenging and multifaceted of all business ventures. It involves integrating numerous regulatory requirements with the complexities of pharmaceutical science and manufacturing. To do so successfully, a network of highly skilled specialists and global pharmaceutical development capabilities are needed. Cosmetic science has many disciplines and applies basic knowledge from diverse areas. Many innovations result from the adaptation of technology. Ideas developed in other fields can frequently be borrowed, massaged, tweaked and transformed into useful cosmetic applications. There are more opportunities today than ever before within the Cosmetic Industry, covering a wide range of disciplines. As the industry becomes more technologically advanced and focused, and the demand grows for products that confer real benefits, rather than just aesthetic appeal, there is an increasing need for scientists to work in both mainstream and specialised areas. Research interests The aim both pure and applied, in: pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, toiletries, perfumery and allied fields. Areas that are of particular interest include: human safety testing of skin, hair and oral products, physical chemistry and technology of emulsion and dispersed systems, theory and application of surfactants, new developments in olfactive research, aerosol technology and selected aspects of analytical chemistry for Cosmaceutical and Pharmaceutical Products 13 1. Product Development There are many innovative products, as well as the routine products in daily life such as shampoo, toothpaste, moisturiser, deodorant, etc.As well as developing an attractive-looking product, Formulators have to make sure that it is: Stable to light and extremes of temperature and resistant to deterioration with age (Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Rheology, Quality Control) Resistant to microbial contamination (Microbiology) Safe (Toxicology, Dermatology, Environmental Safety) Compatible with its packaging (Packaging Technology) Capable of performing as claimed (Product Evaluation and Consumer Testing) Compliant with current legislative constraints (Regulatory Affairs) 2. Product Evaluation Performance Testing in support of product may involve instrumental measurements of properties such as hair strength, elasticity and ease of combing, or skin moisture content and softness. In addition may be subjective evaluation, using sight, touch and other sensory perceptions to identify cosmetic benefits under conditions of normal use. 3. Microbiology It needs to be shown that products can withstand reasonable microbial contamination and that the consumer will not be faced with a frightening growth of fungus or bacteria on opening their new product for the first time or after a sustained period of use. Research staffs Assist. Prof. Dr. Somrutai Jitpukdeebodintra, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Assist.Prof. Arunsri Sunthornpit, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Sarunyoo Songkro, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Dr.Chomchan Amnuaikit, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Collaboration Dr.Suganya Chantachum, Department of Food Technology Assoc.Prof.Dr.Souwalak Phongpaichit), Department of Microbiology 14 Address Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkla, 90112 Thailand Tel/Fax 00-66-74-428-148 E-mail address: [email protected] 15 Cosmetic Science Cosmetic Materials Research Team Co-ordinator: Dr Kwunchit Oungbho Research overview Offering new actives for cosmetic applications is a process becoming more and more sophisticated every day. New scientific tools borrowed from chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacy, etc., are making their way into the cosmetic world. The application of these modern techniques can yield pure, defined, effective, pharmaceuticallike achieves for cosmetics. Our research areas present an outline of different techniques involved in the process of launching a new active, from the preliminary ideas to rational design, and product development. Research interests Our research can be defined as followed; 1. Combinational chemistry and screening which allow the study of molecules in an efficient way 2. Identifying potential candidate compounds to target molecules 3. Stability and toxicity tests of target molecules for cosmetics 4. Efficacy of the actives in vitro and in vivo 5. Skin sensitivity; toxicology, formulation, botanicals 6. Cosmetic active ingredients for skin whitening, reducing wrinkles, UV sunscreens 7. Personal care ingredients and formulation 8. Nanotechnology in cosmetics Research staffs Dr. Kwunchit Oungbho, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Dr. Somrutai Jitpukdeebodintra, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Assist Prof. Arunsri Sunthornpit, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Assist Prof. Nattha Kaewnopparat, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Sarunyoo Songkro, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Chomchan Amnuaikit, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology 16 Address Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkla, 90112 Thailand Tel/Fax 00-66-74-428-148 E-mail address: [email protected] 17 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Group Research of the Pharmaceutical Chemistry group is the design, synthesis and evaluation of novel compounds of biological and therapeutic interest. The work involves synthetic organic chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, purification methods and spectroscopy. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research group comprises six research teams. These are: Medicinal Chemistry Biopharmaceutics and Biomaterials Molecular Recognition Materials Bacteriocins and Probiotics Pharmacokinetics and Drug Analysis Cancer Research 18 Medicinal Chemistry Research involves the design, synthesis and evaluation of novel compounds of biological and therapeutic interest. There are two main sections of the Medicinal Chemistry group. These are: Receptor Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The Receptor Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group investigate in biochemistry aspects of drug receptor with studying structure and function of drug target. The work exploits multidisciplinary approaches including computer-aided design, enzymology, crystallography and molecular biology. Medicinal and Organic Synthesis Research in The Medicinal and Organic Synthesis Group includes design and synthesis of novel compounds of biological and therapeutic interest. The work involves synthetic organic chemistry, purification methods and spectroscopy. 19 Medicinal Chemistry Structure and Function Analysis of Drug Target Research Team Co-ordinator: Dr. Bhutorn Canyuk Research overview Emil Fischer formulated the “lock and key” hypothesis as an analogy of the structural and chemical complementarities of the ligand drug (the “key”) and the drug target-binding site (the “lock”). The hypothesis has become the conceptual foundation for the structure-based approach in modern drug discovery. Recent advances, particularly in molecular biology, X-ray crystallography and computer modeling, provide essential tools for the identification, determination and utilization of the 3-dimensional atomic structure of the potential drug target in rational drug design. Atomic structural information is exploited in the design of a drug candidate, from the beginning step of lead discovery to the final step of lead optimization. Functional contribution of a constituent amino acid of a drug target is usually unapparent from the atomic structure. Detailed structure-function analysis of a drug target is thus essential for investigating the functional participation of interested amino acid residues in the biological property of the protein. Information of the structure and function relationship of a protein provides structure-based guide in the design of a specific ligand that could be developed to a therapeutic agent. Identification for functional involvement of an amino acid residue in a protein target can be achieved by specific replacement of the native sid -carbon of the interested amino acid by other 19 different side chains existing in natural repertoire. Such replacement can be culminated by site-specific mutagenesis which is a powerful tool in substituting a desired amino acid for the target residue. Detailed analyses for the structural and functional consequences of carefully-designed protein mutants provide insights in the involvement of amino acid residues in a biological property of a drug target that could be exploited in structure-based drug design. Research interests Principle of selective chemotherapy for infectious diseases is based on the selective toxicity of drugs against the etiologic pathogens without causing any harm to human or animal hosts. An approach for the design of such compounds requires identification of the unique metabolic steps which are essential to survival and multiplication of the pathogens. Purine nucleotides required for cellular metabolism and as precursors of nucleic acids, are synthesized by two processes, namely the de novo and salvage pathways. In the salvage pathway, phosphoribosyltransferases 20 (PRTases) including hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT), are crucial for the conversion of preformed purine bases from nucleotide degradation, to corresponding nucleoside 5’-monophosphates. Many infectious pathogens lack the ability to synthesize purine nucleotides by de novo pathway, and thus rely entirely on the activity of HPRT for their survival. Therefore, HPRT is proposed as a potential drug target for selective chemotherapy of these purine auxotroph pathogens. Currently, research experiments in the laboratory include cloning of gene encoding HPRT from diseasecausing nematodes. The cloned gene is subsequently expressed as recombinant protein in prokaryotic expression system. After purification, the recombinant protein is subject to both functional and structural analyses. For the aforementioned experiments, we exploit various multidisciplinary protocols in molecular biology, biochemistry, enzymology, structural biology and molecular modeling. The ultimate goal of the research is to identify the lead compounds that could be developed to drug candidates that could specifically inhibit pathogen HPRT activity. Research staffs Dr. Bhutorn Canyuk Miss Chanpa Tanthana Collaboration Assist. Prof. Dr. Adisorn Rattanaphan Dr. Pimpimon Tansakul Dr. Chalermkiat Songkram Assist. Prof. Jindaporn Puripattanavong Address Dr. Bhutorn Canyuk Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkla 90112, Thailand Tel/Fax: +66 74 428239 email: [email protected] [email protected] 21 Medicinal Chemistry Medicinal and Organic Synthesis Co-ordinator: Dr. Chalermkiat Songkram Research overview Drug exerts its pharmacological action through binding at a specific target in human body. Drug molecules are either synthetic compounds or those obtained from natural sources. In general, small molecules are more attractive than macromolecules as they can be conveniently produced in industrial scale. Key steps in drug design include lead discovery and lead optimization. Lead can be discovered either by random screening or de novo design. Optimization of lead involves structure modification in order to produce ligands with improved affinity and specificity that can be developed to drug candidates. Research interests We are focusing in exploring simple chemical scaffolds such as ethers, esters amides and ureas that could be developed to compounds having particular conformations suitable for binding at specific drug targets. Interested targets include nuclear receptors and cyclooxygenase. Nuclear receptors represent a large family of receptors expressed in nucleus. These receptors play key roles in maintaining of normal functions of the cells. Studies of either agonists or antagonists of these receptors could lead to the development of drugs for the treatment of various diseases such as obesity, cancers, hormonal-related diseases. Cycloxygenase (COX) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) from arachidonic acid. There are 2 known isoforms of human COX, namely COX-1 and COX-2. However, they play different roles in human body. Binding sites of both isoforms are well characterized. Therefore, specific ligands to each isoform can be designed by structure-based approach. Research staffs Dr. Chalermkiat Songkram Dr. Bhutorn Canyuk 22 Collaboration Prof. Hiroyuki Kagechika, Japan Assist. Prof. Jindaporn Puripattanavong Dr. Kamonthip Wiwattanawongsa Address Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand Tel/Fax: +66 74 428239 email: [email protected] 23 Biopharmaceutics & Biomaterials Co-ordinator: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Vimon Tantishaiyakul Web site: http://makok.pharmacy.psu.ac.th/~tvimon/ Research overview Biopharmaceutics mainly involves solubility and permeability/absorption of drug. In the past, the search for new bioactive compounds in drug discovery programs often neglects biopharmaceutical characteristics constitute a major reason for the low success rate for drug candidates in clinical development. Biopharmaceutics is just as important in drug research as designing active compounds, hence understanding these properties is also essential in drug research program. Furthermore the US FDA has recently implement Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) to waive clinical studies of generic drugs based on its permeability/ solubility and this system might be applied in Thailand. Research in this area thus will be related to the research work in R&D department in industrial pharmacy and drug research center in Thailand. Current Research Areas 1. Drug permeability: synthesis, transepithelial and efflux transports using cells and in silico methods 2. Drug solubility, drug delivery system, solubility prediction, in silico methods and chemometric method including partial least squares (PLS) and / or artificial neural networks (ANN) to study quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) 3. Biomaterials for drug delivery system and cells Research Staffs Assist. Prof. Dr. Damrongsak Faroogsarng, Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Nattha Kaewnopparat, Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Narubodee Phadoongsombut, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Assist. Prof. Dr. Nimit Worakul , Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Sanae Kaewnopparat, Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Dr. Sirirat Pinsuwan, Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Dr. Srirat Kasiwong 24 Assoc. Prof. Wibul Wongpoowarak, Pharmaceutical Technology 25 Collaboration Professor Dr. Yongyut Rojanasakul, West Virginia University, USA (under Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program) Associate Prof. Dr. Varaporn Vuddhakul, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science. (Biotechnology) Dr. Kanidtha Hansongnern, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science. (Inorganic synthesis, Complexation and X-ray crystallography) Address Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112 Tel: 074-288864, 094645681 Fax: 074-428239 Email: [email protected] 26 Molecular Recognition Materials (MRMs Research Team) Co-ordinator: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Roongnapa Srichana Research overview The Molecular Recognition Materials Research has been successful in the development of related applications of molecular recognition processes involving a range of molecular imprinting techniques. This technique involves arranging functional monomers around a templating ligand. This ligand is the selected target substance (such as drugs, pesticides, amino acids, nucleic acids, enzymes and cells), and it forms a prepolymerization complex with the monomer by non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, ionic or hydrophobic interaction. The complexes formed are subsequently co-polymerized with a suitable cross-linking monomer and the imprint molecule removed from the polymer to yield recognition sites specific to the original templates. The resulting molecularly imprinted polymer or so called “MIP” can selectively recognize and rebind the template molecule or even bind with other closely related molecules. These new materials have a vast number of application areas including analytical chemistry, separations, sensors, synthesis catalysis and material sciences. We have been particularly successful in development of novel pharmaceutical and related applications of molecular recognition materials processes involving a range of imprinting techniques, including use in drug delivery, transdermal monitoring, sensor technology, and separation of individual compound from complex mixtures. Currently, the group includes 2-4 under-graduate elective students for each year, two master degree students and four PhD students. The work is supported by university, government and research council sources (e.g. Thailand Research Fund). Research interests One of our research interests relates to the enantioselective-controlled release system using imprinted polymers. Molecular imprinting techniques make it feasible to engineer such system in which the release of the more therapeutically active enantiomer is promoted whilst the release of the less or non-active enantiomer is retarded. We recently examined the potential of producing molecularly imprinted polymer membranes and molecularly imprinted polymer excipients in tablets with a view to developing enantiomer-specific polymer release systems. Significant advances are received on the design of controlled release membrane with enhanced enantioselective-blocker and NSAIDs, leading to more rational design of transdermal delivery systems. The research is focused on use of novel functional monomers and cross-linking 27 reagents to improve polymer membrane performance. Also, the work on molecularly imprinted polymer membrane is expanded to the solid-phase extraction of pharmaceutical residues (penicillins, tetracyclines) and toxic impurities (haloacetic acids) from water sources. Other areas of the research include biomedical applications of molecularly imprinted polymer as stationary phase in thin-layer chromatography for determining enantiomeric purity of bulk drug substances. This research is expanded to the extraction of analytes from biological samples (urea and plasma). The work on application of molecularly imprinted polymer to the direct extraction of active compounds from plant extracts is another research interest of our group. Our group is also researching on the use of molecularly imprinted polymers for probing the molecular basis of selective drug binding of natural receptors. This work allows an understanding of drug-receptor interactions potentially, which leads to drug design strategies for searching pharmaceutical active compounds. In addition, we work together with foreign investigators to develop a sensitive sensor for determination of toxic compound in environments by employing molecular recognition material. Research staffs Dr. Roongnapa Srichana, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dr. Teerapol Srichana, Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Sanae Kaewnopparat, Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dr. Bhutorn Canyook, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dr. Supinya Tewtrakul, Pharmacognosy Dr. Anusuk Sirikatitham Collaboration Prof. Gary Martin, King’s College, University of London, London, UK. Prof. Franz L. Dickert, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Prof. Wolfgang Lindner, Institute of Analytical chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Assist. Prof. Dr. Pikul Vanichapichat, Biophysics Team, Membrane Science and Technology Research Center, Prince of Songkla University Address Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry 28 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hatyai, Songkla 90112 Thailand Tel: 66 74 288862 Fax: 66 74 428239 E-mail address: [email protected] Bacteriocins and Probiotics (Pharm. Biothech. Research Team) Co-ordinator: Dr. Jasadee Kaewsrichan Research Overview Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides or proteins produced by bacteria, which are bactericidal against other, mostly closely related bacteria. Because of the problems of antibiotic resistance, there is the general tendency to decrease the use of antibiotics in communities and hospitals. Increased research attention is now focused on the use of bacteriocins produced by selected bacteria to inhibit the growth of undesirable microorganisms. Body surfaces are covered by indigenous microorganisms soon after birth. Ecological systems of the microorganisms are arranged in balance. It is believed that disturbance of microbial ecology leads to infections and diseases. Probiotics are single strain or mixtures of strains of bacteria, which are beneficial for health when applied locally into the bodies. There are recently interested in the use of probiotics, aiming to buffer body’s microbial ecology and to cure infections and diseases. Research interests Identification and characterization of bacteriocins produced oral bacterial strains for the objectives of prevention and treatment of dental caries and periodontitis. Selection of the best probiotic strains for the curing of bacterial vaginosis. Research staffs Dr. Jasadee Kaewsrichan, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry 29 Assoc. Prof. Rawee Teanpaisan, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry Dr. Sanae Kaewnopparat, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Nattha Kaewnopparat, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Collaboration Professor Jon Nissen-Meyer and Dr. Gunnar Fimland, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oslo Norway 30 Address Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112 Thailand Tel: 66 74 288866 or 66 1 7382190 Fax: 66 74 428239 E-mail address: [email protected] 31 Pharmacokinetics & Drug Analysis There are two sections in The Pharmacokinetics & Drug Analysis Group which is linked by the common aim of developing method of analysis, quality control of pharmaceuticals and studing pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of pharmaceutical dosage form, herbal medicines and biological sciences. The work involves method development & validation and analysis by using modern analytical chemistry, such as mass spectrometry, chromatography and combination of these two techniques (LC-MS) in bioanalysis and bioequivalence assay. Currently, there are two research teams working in this environment. These are Bioanalysis and Bioequivalence Pharmacokinetics 32 Pharmacokinetics & Drug Analysis Bioanalysis and Bioequivalence Co-ordinator: Dr. Anusak Sirikatitham Current Research Areas My research was concentrated on pharmaceutical and instrumental analysis in the field of pharmaceutical dosage form, herbal medicines and biological sciences. Studies of bioactive compounds isolated from natural products. Research works also involved in method development & validation and analysis by using modern analytical chemistry, such as mass spectrometry, chromatography and combination of these two techniques (LC-MS) in bioanalysis and bioequivalence assay. Currents areas of research Method Validation of drug and traditional medicines Pharmaceutical and Instrumental analysis of pharmaceutical dosage form and products from Medicinal Plants Address Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand Telephone 66-74-288861 Fax 66-74-428239 E-mail: [email protected] 33 Pharmacokinetics & Drug Analysis Pharmacokinetics Co-ordinator: Dr. Srirat Kasiwong Current Research Areas Development of Analytical Method, Quality Control of Pharmaceuticals, Pharmacokinetic Study and Bioequivalent Study Current areas of research 1. Development of simultaneous 5 antiviral drugs using gradient elution HPLC 2. Quality control of antiviral drugs in the South of Thailand 3. Bioequivalence of cefdinir capsules 4. Bioequivalence of cefdinir dry suspension 5. Accelerated stability study of tuberculosis drugs Research staffs Korkamon Rookapaan, Department of Pharmaceutical Administrative Assoc.Prof. Dr.Damrongsak Faroongsang, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Assist.Prof.Wibul Wongpoowarak, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Narubodee Phadungsombat, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Miss Chanpa Tantana, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Mrs.Niwan Tanmanee Collaboration Physicians at Sonkhlanakarind Hospital Address Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University, 34 Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand Tel: 66 74 288865, 01-5994092 Fax: 66 74 428239 E-mail address : : [email protected] Cancer Research (Human Molecular Genetics and Structural Molecular Biology of Oncogenesis) Co-ordinator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Adisorn Ratanaphan Research Overview Mutations in the BRCA1 gene have been implicated in 45% of familial breast cancers and 80% of both familial breast and ovarian cancers. The 1863 amino acid gene product, BRCA1, is a large multifunctional protein implicated in DNA double-strand break repair, transcription coupled repair, cell cycle checkpoint control, centrosome duplication, transcription regulation, DNA damage signaling, growth regulation, and the induction of apoptosis. How BRCA1 functions in these varied cellular processes is not well understood, but likely involves interactions with an increasing number of proteins and possibly DNA. More than 1,500 distinct mutations are deposited to the Breast Cancer Information Core (BIC) Database. The mutations are variable and their locations are distributed throughout the gene. In addition, more than 85% of the BRCA1 mutations are disease-causing mutations of which culminate in protein truncation with a small group of missense mutations. Research Interests The current interest of my laboratory is to screen BRCA1 mutation among Thai breast/ovarian cancer patients and investigate the function and structure of BRCA1 that will be necessary to understand how loss of function mutation predisposes individuals to breast and ovarian cancer. Research Staffs Assist. Prof. Dr. Adisorn Ratanaphan, Dr. Bhutorn Canyuk, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Collaboration Professor Dr. Udo Heinemann 35 Associate Professor Dr. Alvaro N. Monteiro, Cancer Prevention & Control Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL Professor Tanaphon Maipang, M.D., Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand Associate Professor Saibua Chichareon, M.D., Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand Assistant Professor Virach Wootipoom, M.D., Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand Dr. Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Research Division, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand Rusta Salaeh, M.D., Surgery Unit, Pattani Hospital, Pattani, Thailand International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France Address: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat-Yai, Songkla 90112 THAILAND Tel: 66-74-288867, 66-74-428239 Fax: 66-74-428239 E-mail: [email protected] 36 Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Research Group Research in the Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Research group is focused on the discovery of biologically active agents from Thai medicinal plants and marine invertebrate, using synthetic chemistry to modify the new compounds, the study in biosynthesis of some compounds in Thai medicinal plants and evaluation of novel compounds of biological and therapeutic interest. The work involves phytochemistry, extraction, synthetic organic chemistry, tissue culture, purification methods, structure elucidation. The research staffs are actively involved in new drug discovery and development in a variety of therapeutic field, such as cancer, analgesic, HIV infection, inflammatory, fungal and bacterial infections. Currently, there are seven teams working within this environment. Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology Thai Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines Bioactive Natural Products Marine Natural Products Natural Products Biosynthesis Natural Products Development Medicinal Plants-HIV Drugs Searching 37 Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plant Biotechnology (PMPB Research Team) Co-ordinator: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant Research Interests Our research works include: 1. Quality control of herbal medicines We are working on establishment of Thai herbal monograph, searching for a method for quantitative analysis of the active compounds in medicinal plants and also study on the factors affecting the quality of herbal raw materials. 2. Medicinal plant tissue cultures This research area includes selection of high yielding plant and micropropagation, improve secondary metabolite production by plant tissue cultures. 3. Phytochemistry and biological activity We are interested in bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral and anticancer compounds from plants. Research Staffs Assist. Prof. Dr. Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant Assoc. Prof. Tanomjit Supawita Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wantana Reanmongkol Assist. Prof. Dr. Supinya Tewtrakul Assist. Prof. Supreeya Yuenyongsawad Assist. Prof. Nattha Kaewnopparat Dr. Juraithip Wungsintaweekul Dr. Chukiat Khotanakul Dr. Pimpimon Tansakul Dr. Anusak Sirikatitham Miss Sopa Kummee 38 Collaboration Prof. Dr. Yutaka Ebizuka, The University of Tokyo, Japan Prof.Dr. George Brian Lockwood, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Address Department of Pharmacopgnosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand Tel. & Fax. : 66 74 428220 39 Thai Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines (TMP Research Team) Co-ordinator: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sanan Subhadhirasakul Research overview Thai medicinal plants and Thai traditional medicines are the resources and the wisdom of the land for Thai people from the past to the present. They have been used for health promotion, health prevention and health medication. About 40% of modern medicines are originated from medicinal plants or natural products. To study of Thai medicinal plants and Thai traditional medicines using modern and new method and technology is an essential way to achieve a value of the resources and the wisdom. The benefit of the study is not only useful for health medication of Thai people, but also increases the ability of relying on self-medication of Thai people and world population. Research interests Chemical constituent and biological activities of medicinal plants Specification and standard of Thai medicinal plants Traditional medicine formulation and efficacy of the preparation Study on Thai traditional medicines and local traditional medicines Study on Pharmacological Activity of Medicinal Plants Used as Self Medication by AIDS Patients Research staffs Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sanan Subhadhirasakul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Dr. Chatchai Watthanapiromsakul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assist. Prof. Supinya tewtrakul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assoc. Prof. Tanomjit Supavita, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assoc. Prof.Dr. Wantana Reanmongkol, Clinical Pharmacy Assist. Prof. Dr. Jindaporn Puripattanavong, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Collaboration Associate Prof. Souwalak Phongpaichit, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University. 40 Associate Prof. Varaporn Vuddhakul, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University. Assistant Prof. Werawath Mahatthanatrakul, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University. Associate Prof. Hiromitsu Takayama, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan. Address Department of Pharmacopgnosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand Tel. & Fax. : 66 74 428220 E-mail address : [email protected] 41 Natural Products Biosynthesis (NPB Research Team) Co-ordinator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Juraithip Wungsintaweekul & Dr. Pimpimon Tansakul Research overview Biosynthesis of natural products is still a hot issue for research groups around the world. Since one of the reason is the way to find out the new source of drugs. Many of them are discovered based on the various biological activities screening from the plants. Many of them have been released to be a medicine in the pharmaceutical markets such as Tebokan® from Ginko biloba, Taxol® from Taxus brevifolia, Vinblastine® from Catharanthus roseus etc. Therefore, understanding the natural product biosynthesis could be solved the problem how to regulate the synthesis in naturally way. The whole process of biosynthetic study involves the integration of phytochemistry, biochemistry, and biotechnology. The biogenetic pathway should be investigated under tracer techniques. The metabolites are then isolated and elucidated their structures. The relationship between precursor and product sequence could be hypothesized. Then the enzyme catalyzes the particular step should be isolated and characterized its properties. Finally gene encoded the enzyme should be cloned and expressed. Design the inhibitors based on enzyme structures will get through the discovery of antibiotics, antimalarials, herbicides, pesticides, etc. Grants supported our research are kindly provided from Prince of Songkla University, Thailand Research Fund (TRF) and Natural Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) (under the collaboration of biosynthetic network between universities). At the moment, our laboratory composes of young active staffs including 1 Ph.D. student and 3 graduate students. Research overview Currently, the major theme is focused on terpenoid biosynthesis especially the novel non-mevalonate pathway in Thai medicinal plants. The intact and plant tissue cultures are our investigated materials. We establish the feeding experiment laboratory using labeled stable isotope compounds. The precursor-product sequence can hypothesize by the enrichment of labeling pattern of particular carbon position. This will be useful to apply for further working in the field of enzymology and molecular biology. New our projects are focusing on molecular cloning and characterization genes, which are involved in terpenoid biosynthesis: non-mevalonate pathway. Those gene products are further purified and characterized the properties. Beside, we also interest in 42 the introduction the advanced plant tissue culture technique e.g. Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformed hairyroot culture. We aim to investigate the tool to increase the secondary metabolite production in plants. 43 Research Staffs Dr. Juraithip Wungsintaweekul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Dr. Pimpimon Tansakul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Mr. Damrong Kongduang, Ph. D. Student Ms. Thanawan Srisantipong, Graduation student Ms. Siriwan Pongpruksapattana, Graduate student Mr. Thanaisawan Losupanporn, Graduate student Collaborations Prof. Dr. Yutaka Ebizuka, University of Tokyo, Japan Assoc. Prof. Dr. Masaaki Shibuya, University of Tokyo, Japan Dr. Wolfgang Eisenreich, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wanchai De-Eknamkul, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok Assist. Prof. Dr. Waraporn Putalun, Khonkaen University, Khonkaen Dr. Anan Ounaroon, Naresun University, Phitsanulok Dr. Worapan Sitthaworn, Srinakarinwirot University, Nakornnayok Address Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hatyai, Songkla 90112 Thailand Tel: 66 74 288887 Fax: 66 77 428220 E-mail address: [email protected] 44 Marine Natural Products (MNP Research Team) Co-ordinator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Anuchit Plubrukarn Research overview The research in the area of marine natural products is actually branched from the field of conventional natural products research, which primarily emphasizes the search of biologically active chemicals from natural sources. The only major difference is that, whereas the conventional study aims to the chemicals from terrestrial plants – namely those used as medicinal herbs in traditional medicines, marine natural product research is conducted on the sources of marine origins. These include marine invertebrates, such as sponges, tunicate, soft corals, and gorgonians, and marine-derived microorganisms, including Actinomycetes, gliding bacteria, and other microbes. The fundamental of marine natural products research is based in a simple observation that, in the biosynthetic processes of secondary metabolites in any organisms, the environmental factors play an important role to govern and dictate the direction and species of such compounds. With the extreme differences between marine and terrestrial environments, which include the physical (salinity, temperature, pressure, light penetration), chemical (halide enrichment, ratio of amino acid versus carbohydrate precursors), and biological factors (niche, habitat, ecosystem), one could certainly presume the distinctive features between metabolites from marine and from terrestrial organisms. Of particular interest when considering the pharmaceutical application of such compounds is the biological factors. In most cases, the marine organisms of interest are sedentary or extremely slow-moving invertebrates, such as sponges and tunicates. The nature of being sessile leads to a predation-prey disadvantage; the animals cannot hunt for their prey nor escape the carnivorous predators. Furthermore, with limited fouling substrata, the fight for living space is fierce and fatal. In order to survive such competition, the animals have evolved with defensive mechanisms that use active chemicals that can affect the physiological systems. With further dose adjustment and/or structural modification, such chemicals can then be used as medicines or research tools. Normally, marine natural product research promises a good chance of obtaining highly potent active agents with novel mechanisms of actions. The novelty of activities can be exemplified with the sensory nerve -conotoxin, which is used as severe pain modulator, the DNA alkylating and damaging activity of ecteinascidin 743, and the protein kinase promotion activity of bryostatin 1, both of which are no studied as new anticancer agents. Furthermore, with novel chemical skeletons, this is among the most fascinating aspect in chemists’ point of view, both natural products chemists and organic synthesis chemists, who look for new material that could broaden their aspects in the area of organic chemistry. 45 Ongoing and prospective research projects The marine natural products research projects that are currently conducted in the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, involve the isolation and structure elucidation of biologically active agents from marine invertebrates. The total syntheses of some outstanding lead targets from the marine organisms are also among the interests, thus leading to the further investigation both for the chemical modification and for the defined biological activity assessments. Some ongoing research project include: -The investigation of chemotherapeutic agents from marine invertebrates, namely sponges and tunicates. The models for biological activity determination include cytotoxicity against cancer cells, antitubercular and antimalarial activities. Also included are some extended related activities such as antimicobial activity against opportunistic pathogens in HIV/AIDs patients. The current collecting sites cover the area of lower part of the Gulf of Thailand, stretching from the coral reef along the coastal line of Chumphon to Narathivas Provinces. As well-known habitats of extensive marine biodiversity, this could contribute the chance of finding novel biologically active compounds never found beforehand. -The study of compounds with enzyme modulation activity. This, along with study of chemotherapeutic agents mentioned earlier, is also another area of interest. The search for the compounds that can either inhibit or stimulate the activity of certain enzymes, such as acetylcholine esterase and tyrosinase, can be further extended to both pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. -The total syntheses of natural products. The propose of the total synthesis of natural products, apart form exploring the state-of-the-art chemical reactions to apply in constructing the complicated chemical structure, is to reproduce large scale of biologically active compounds that is difficult and unreasonable to obtain solely from nature. Total syntheses thus play important roles in early step of in-depth investigation of products of natural origins, such as determine biological activity profile, postulate the structure-activity relation, and demonstrate the possibility of the further large scale production of such compounds. Collaboration Dr. Prasat Kittakoop, BIOTEC. Dr. Akkharawit Kajana-Opas, Faculty of Angro-Industry, prince of Songkla University Dr. Kornkanok, Ingkanina, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University 46 Prof. Ighlas Khan, National Center of Natural products Research, University of Mississipi. Address Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hatyai, Songkla 90112, Thailand Tel/Fax: 66 7442 8220 E-mail address: [email protected] 47 Bioactive Natural Products (BNP Research Team) Co-ordinator: Dr. Chatchai Wattanapiromsakul Research overview Natural products are the sources of chemical compounds that exhibit diversities in chemical structures. The chemical compounds from natural products can lead to biosynthesis pathway studies, characteristic of chemical compound studies, modifications of chemical structures, drug researches and developments. Plants, animals and microorganisms are the main sources of chemical compounds. All of them have evolution and adaptation. The result of adaptation and evolution may have effect to secondary metabolite productions. It means we can study more and more from natural products. Bioassay guide fractionation is the technique that used for isolation of bioactive compounds. Chemical compounds that exhibit interesting biological effects means they add more valuable to themselves. These bioactive compounds can be use to give more information to develop the lead compounds or as lead compounds for drug researches and developments. Research interests Plants are one of the main sources to study of chemical diversities. Annonaceae is one of my interests because they produce several types of compounds, such as acetogenins, alkaloids, styryllactones, flavonoids, etc. Some of these compounds also have interesting biological activities such as cytotoxic, antidepressant, etc. Annonaceae by itself also have evolution and adaptation. New species are recorded from times to times. Rutaceae is another family of plant that produces several types of compounds, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, coumarins, phenylpropanoids. But we have to find more valuable of chemical compounds isolated from Rutaceae by using bioassay test. Other sources of natural products are marine invertebrates. Marine invertebrates produce several types of biological activities such as cytotoxic, antiviral, antituberculosis, antiinflammatory, etc. There is no currently drug from marine organisms but there are several compounds that are in the pipeline of drug researches and developments. Nucleosides from sponge also used as a model to develop antiviral and anticancer that we use nowadays. Among bioassay tests we are interested in cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antituberculosis. We are also interested to find chemical compound that inhibit or kill the bacterials that are pathogens in oral diseases. Research staffs 48 Dr. Chatchai Wattanapiromsakul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assoc.Prof. Dr. Arunporn Itharat, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assist. Prof. Dr. Niwat Keawpradub, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sanan Subhadhirasakul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assist. Prof. Dr. Anuchit Plubrukarn, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assist. Prof. Supreeya Yuenyongsawad, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assist. Prof. Dr. Jindaporn Puripattanavong, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Collaboration Assist Prof. Dr. Wilairat Worapamorn, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University Prof. Peter G. Waterman, Southern Cross University, NSW, Australia Address Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand Tel: 66 74 428220, 288888 Fax: 66 74 428220 E-mail address: [email protected] 49 Natural Products Development (NPD Research Team) Co-ordinator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Jindaporn Puripattanavong & Assoc. Prof. Dr. Arunporn Itharat & Assist. Prof. Dr. Niwat Keawpradub & Assist. Prof. Dr. Sirirat Pinsuwun Research overview The research is related to the development of pharmacologically active substances from plants and natural resources as appropriate dosage forms. The formulation suitability will be evaluated for identity, appearances, quality, and stability. The research also focuses on study and analysis of active constituents as well as any degradation products in these preparations, and their shelf-lives. Furthermore, compounds from natural resources will be employed as leads for design or synthesizing novel therapeutic agents. Research interests 1. Study and select the herbal medicine potentially for dosage form development. 2. Characterize the active components from the herbal medicine (or its extract) for dosage form development. 3. Develop quantitative analytical methods of active constituents and its degradation products in the herbal medicines. 4. Examine physical and chemical stabilities of the formulations. 5. Synthesize lead compounds for further product development. Research staffs Assoc. Prof. Dr. Arunporn Itharat, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assoc. Prof. Thanomjit Supawita, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assist. Prof. Dr. Jindaporn Puripattanavong, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assist. Prof. Dr. Niwat Keawpradub, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assist. Prof. Dr. Sirirat Pinsuwun, Pharmaceutical Technology Assist. Prof. Suthiman Ingkathawarawong, Pharmaceutical Technology Dr. Bhutorn Canyuk, Pharmaceutical Chemistry 50 Dr. Chatchai Wattanapiromsakul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Dr. Chalermkiat Songkram, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dr. Kamonthip Wiwattanawongsa, Clinical Pharmacy Collaboration Prof. Dr. August Wilhelm Frahm, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Prof. Dr. Halrald Greger, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Prof. Dr. Nunthawan Bunyapraphat, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University Assoc. Prof. Rawee Teanpaisan, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry Dr. Lawan Chunhome M.D., Saowapa Institute, Red Cross Ms. Narumol Pakmanee, Saowapa Institute, Red Cross Ms. Jureeporn Noiphrom, Saowapa Institute, Red Cross Mr. Wicha Tuchinda, Takofood industry, Bangkok Address Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand Tel: 66 74 428220 Fax: 66 74 428220 E-mail address : [email protected] 51 Medicinal Plant-HIV Drugs Searching Co-ordinator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Supinya Tewtrakul Research overview Immune system is a remarkably versatile defense system that has evolved to protect invading pathogenic microorganisms and cancer. AIDS or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is one of the diseases that is related to the immune system deficiency so that the infected patients are susceptible to several opportunistic infections. HIV-1 integrase, reverse transcriptase and protease are essential enzymes used for HIV-1 replication. Therefore, studying on anti-HIV-1 activity of Thai medicinal plants regarding the inhbition on these three enzymes activities is becoming the promising approach for searching of anti-HIV-1 drugs from natural sources, and we are also studying on other related immune system diseases such as anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities of Thai plants. Research interests We are now studying on these following topics; 1. Anti-HIV-1 integrase and HIV-1 protease activities of Thai medicinal plants used by Thai traditional practitioners or have been used as foods. 2. Anti-allergy activity of Thai plants by detection the histamine release from rat basophil leukemia cell lines. 3. Anti-inflammatory activities of Thai plants by detection on the inhibition of nitric oxide production in macrophage cell line. Research staffs Asst. Prof. Dr. Supinya Tewtrakul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assoc. Prof. Dr. Arunporn Itharat, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sanan Subhadhirasakul, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Asst. Prof. Dr. Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant , Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Mrs Pranee Rattanasuwan, Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Collaboration 52 Dr. Robert Craigie, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Prof. Dr. Buncha Ooraikul, Fac. of Agriculture, Forestry and Home Economics; University of Alberta Address Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand Tel: 66 74 428220 , 288888 Fax: 66 74 428220 E-mail address : [email protected] 53 Drug Action Group Research in the Drug Action Group involves the study in actions of drugs at the level of the intact organism and at the cellular and molecular levels. Currently, there are two research teams working on this area. Pharmacological study of Thai Medicinal plants: The major interests of the Pharmacology Research Team is in the investigation and evaluation of the pharmacological activities of the traditional medicines, new chemicals or investigational drugs by testing in animals before using or treatment in human. Research is focused on the mechanisms underlying drug action in the analgesic and inflammatory system and in the cardiovascular systems. The work involves pharmacological studies of new drugs from plant extracts and includes close collaboration with the researchers in the Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany group. Drug transport and metabolism: The major interests of the Drug transport and Metabolism Research Team is in elucidation of physicochemical and/or biochemical mechanisms and evaluation of new and existing therapeutic agents in terms of potential interactions with other agents or diets. 54 Pharmacology Pharmacological study of Thai Medicinal plants Co-ordinator: Dr. Wantana Reanmongkol Research overview Investigation and evaluation of the pharmacological activities of the traditional medicines, new chemicals or investigational drugs are essential for testing in animals before using or treatment in humans. In our laboratory, we investigate the pharmacological activities of Thai traditional medicines using animals e.g., antinociceptive, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities in in vivo. The pharmacological activities of Thai traditional medicines on gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases are also studied. We also studies in in vitro models e.g., the effects of Thai traditional medicines on contraction or relaxation of isolated smooth muscle in animal’s organs. The toxicological research is also determined in this laboratory e.g., acute toxicity test and skin irritation test. We have undergraduate elective students and Ph.D. student. The work is supported by faculty, university and government sources. For the Ph.D. program, we got the good collaboration with the Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan. Research interests 1. Study the pharmacological activities of Thai traditional medicines e.g., antinociceptive, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities in experimental animals. 2. Study the pharmacological activities of Thai traditional medicines on gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases in experimental animals. 3. Study the toxicological activities of Thai traditional medicines e.g., acute and subacute toxicity tests and irritation test in experimental animals. Research staffs Assoc. Prof. Wantana Reanmongkol, Ph.D. (Pharmacology), Certificate of Postdoctoral Training (Molecular Pharmacology) Asst. Prof. Sirima Mahattanadul, M. Sc. (Pharmacology) Collaboration 55 Prof. Shingo Yano, Ph.D. (Pharmacology), Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan. Dr. Tomonori Nakamura, Ph.D. (Pharmacology), Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan. Address Department of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University HatYai, Songkla 90112 Thailand Tel: 66 74 288876 Fax: 66 74 428222 E-mail address: [email protected] 56 Pharmacology Drug transport and metabolism Co-ordinator: Dr. Kamonthip Wiwattanawongsa Research interests 1. Elucidation of physicochemical and/or biochemical mechanisms governing drug transport and metabolism. Delineation factors influencing systemic availability of compounds which mostly involved in vitro metabolism study using microsomes, tissue homogenate from liver or intestine and cell line. 2. Evaluation of new and existing therapeutic agents in terms of potential interactions with other agents or diets; alterations is disposition secondary to physiologic changes associated with disease processes; and the optimal clinical use of therapeutic agents. 3. Evaluation of novel strategies or dosage forms for effective delivery of pharmacologic agents to specific organs or intracellular targets. Research staffs Assist.Prof. Sirirat Pinsuwan, Ph.D. Chalermkiat Songkram, Ph.D. Collaboration Assist.Prof. Nusara Piyapolrungroj, Ph.D. Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University. Address Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Songkhla, Thailand 90112 Phone : 66-74-288-877 Fax : 66-74-428-222 Email : [email protected] 57 Health and Medicines Research Group Research of the Health and Medicines Research group is being undertaken in two major areas: Pharmaceutical care Research topic covers the rational use of prescribed and non-prescribed medicines, self-management of illness and health promotion. Research in pharmaceutical care evaluates pharmacists’ activities toward management of drug-related problems, patient clinical outcomes, humanistic outcomes, and economic outcomes. Social and Behavioral Pharmacy Emphasis is placed on the application of social sciences and social research methodologies to understand the problems of pharmacy students. Research projects are also currently underway which investigate the application of the knowledge and skills of pharmacists, and the infrastructure of pharmacy, to meeting the health needs of the population. 58 Pharmaceutical care Co-ordinator: Assist. Prof. Dr Sutthiporn Pattarachayakul Research overview Pharmaceutical care is a discipline of practice where knowledge in almost all aspects of pharmacy is integrated for the optimal care of patient. Pharmaceutical care is thus at the stage of drug use for individual. Providing pharmaceutical care service encompasses various skills and expertise in several areas of pharmacotherapy. Research areas hence could be broad, depending upon settings of health care, specialized area of pharmacotherapy, specific outcomes measured, as well as activities of the service provided. Research in pharmaceutical care evaluates pharmacists’ activities toward management of drug-related problems, patient clinical outcomes, humanistic outcomes, and economic outcomes. Research interests Evaluation of ambulatory pharmaceutical care, i.e., at out-patient clinic, primary health care unit, and community pharmacy has been done. Pharmaceutical care for inpatients has also conducted. In term of pharmacotherapy specialty, pharmaceutical care for diabetes, and patients with cardiovascular diseases has been evaluated mainly in ambulatory setting. While patients with infectious diseases, and patients in need of total parenteral nutrition have been studied in in-patient setting. Medication errors associated with drug distribution systems have been studied. We want to focus more on economic and humanistic outcomes, as well as quality measures of pharmaceutical care service. Research staffs Assist Prof Payom Wongpoowarak, PhD Assist Prof Chaveewan Ratanajamit, PhD Assist Prof Juraporn Pongwecharak, PhD Suchada Soorapan, PhD Dr Sutthiporn Pattarachayakul, PhD Thitima Duang-ngern, MSc Siriporn Krittathanmakul, MSc Surachat Ngor-suraches 59 Assoc Prof Sa-nguan Lerkiatbundit, PhD Address Department of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand Tel: 66 74 288888 Fax: 66 74 428222 E-mail address : [email protected] 60 Social and Behavioral Pharmacy Co-ordinator: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sanguan Lerkiatbundit letter Each year, my department enrolls a large number of graduate students. I inevitably have to combine my research activities with those of my students. It’s my philosophy, at least at the present, to have graduate students bring with them into our program the problems they face in their work. I always enjoy the application of social sciences and social research methodologies to understand those problems. Research interests Our students work in various settings such as community pharmacies, public health offices, and hospitals. As a result, the research I involve and supervise covers a wide range of topics related to pharmacy practices. Consumer behaviors: Factors affecting the use of nutrition label, the impact of health claim on the consumer perception of food products. Intervention to promote rational drug uses in various settings: The impact of an education intervention to improve the rational use of Statins. Factors affecting pharmacy practices: Factors affecting the readiness to provide to provide oncology services, Factors affecting the use of antibiotics among community pharmacists. Health behaviors: Family-assisted medication taking to improve medication compliance in patients with hypertension, diabetes and asthma. Self- medication among Thai. Organizational psychology: Burnout, job satisfaction among pharmacists and their causes Pharmacy education: Professionalism among pharmacy students, its antecedent, its impact on organizational commitment, job satisfaction and intention to quit. Moral reasoning and the intervention to increase it. 61 Research Methodology: Factors affecting the validity of studies using the simulated client method as a data collection method. Address Department of Pharmacy Administration Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hadyai Songkla Thailand 90112 Tel: 66-74-288897 Fax: 66-74-428167 E-mail: [email protected] Edited by Dr. Roongnapa Srichana [email protected] (66 74 288862) Last updated 20/5/2005 62
