Download Protein Synthesis Study Guide

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DNA Transcription, Translation, and Mutations
Review SheetBe sure to review all class work, notes, homework, labs, and textbook sections (12.3 – 12.4).
I. Transcription
A. DNA to mRNA
B. RNA Polymerase
C. Promotor
D. Terminator sequence
E. Coding sequence
F. Steps involved in this process
G. Location
II. RNA Processing
A. Introns and exons
B. Cap and Poly A Tail
C. Location
D. Pre mRNA vs. mRNA
III. Proteins
A. Amino Acids
B. Polypeptide Chains
C. Peptide bonds vs. dehydration synthesis reactions (how many water molecules.)
D. Number of amino acids
IV. Translation
A. Start codon and stop codons
B. Location
C. tRNA (structure and purpose)
D. Ribosomes
E. Codons and Anticodons
F. Steps of Translation (Initiation, Elongation, Termination)
V. Ribosomes
A. Subunits
B. Grooves (A, P, E)
VII. Gene Regulation
A. What is this?
B. Cell Differentation
C. HOX Gene
VI. Mutation
A. Point mutation
a. Subsitutation
i. Missense Mutation
ii. Nonsense Mutation
iii. Silent Mutation
B. Frameshift Mutation
a. Deletion mutation
b. Insertion Mutation
C. Chromosomal Muation
a. Inversion
D. Mutations in Somatic Cells vs. Sex Cells
E. Cause of Mutations