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BIOLOGY R REVIEW SHEET
Chapter 1
1. What are the themes of biology?
2. What characteristics do all living things share?
3. In the scientific method, what is each of the following:
a. Observation
b. Measurement
c. Hypothesis
d. Control v. experimental groups
e. Inference
f. Theory
4. How do you determine the total magnification of a compound light microscope?
Chapter 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
What are the 4 major classes of organic compounds?
What are the monomers (subunits) for each major class?
What are the major properties of water?
Describe enzymes.
Chapter 7
1. What are the differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
2. What are the functions of the major parts of the cell?
a. Membrane
b. Nucleus
c. Mitochondria
d. Ribosome
e. Endoplasmic reticulum
f. Golgi apparatus
g. Lysosome
h. Microfilaments & microtubules
i. Cell wall
j. Vacuole
k. Plastid (chloroplast)
3. What is diffusion? … osmosis?
Chapter 8
1. What is the equation for photosynthesis?
2. Describe what the pigment chlorophyll does.
3. What do stomata do? (Ch. 23)
Chapter 9
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
Compare and contrast fermentation and oxidative respiration.
What happens in glycolysis?
What are the 2 steps in oxidative respiration?
Chapter 10
1. What are chromatids?
2. How do prokaryotes reproduce?
3. Name and describe the phases of mitosis.
Chapter 14
1.
2.
3.
4.
Compare diploid and haploid.
What is a karyotype?
What is crossing over?
What are sex-linked traits?
Chapter 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
What are the levels of organization among organisms?
Describe the members of a food chain.
What is an ecosystem?
Compare energy flow among the trophic levels.
Chapters 4,6
1. Describe the species interactions.
2. Describe the greenhouse effect and how humans affect it.
Chapter 11
1. Describe Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
2. Describe and/or provide an example of each:
a. Genotype
b. Phenotype
c. Homozygous
d. Heterozygous
3. Describe pollination in plants.
4. What are some patterns of inheritance? Provide an example for each.
5. What causes Down Syndrome? What does it mean? (~ Ch 14)
Chapter 12
1. What are the parts and roles of DNA?
2. What are the base pairing rules?
Chapter 13
1. What are the differences between DNA and RNA?
2. Describe transcription and translation.
3. What are some effects of a mutation?
Chapter 16
1. What is Darwin’s theory of evolution?
2. What information lends support to the idea that humans and chimpanzees shared a
recent common ancestor?
3. Compare artificial and natural selection.
Chapter 20
1.
2.
3.
4.
What are the scientific and common terms for the 3 shapes of bacteria?
What are some benefits of bacteria?
What are the major characteristics of viruses?
What is a bacteriophage?
DIAGRAMS
MICROSCOPE
DNA
ANIMAL CELL
PLANT CELL
MITOSIS
BACTERIA