Download Contemporary Time Line until 2000

Contemporary Time Line until 2000
1910 – 1917
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915 – 1934
1916 – 1922
1916
1917
1919
1922
1924
1925
1926 – 1929
1926
1929
1930
1932
1933
1934
1938
1939
1943
1944
Mexican Revolution
Madero elected president of Mexico
Universal male suffrage granted in Argentina; the U.S. military
intervenes in Nicaragua and stay until 1925
Madero killed (murdered)
Panama Canal opens
United States occupies Haiti
U.S. Marines occupy Dominican Republic
Hipólito Yrigoyen, leader of the Unión Cívica Radical (UCR,
Radicals), elected president of Argentina; workers compensation laws
passed in Chile
Chile passes employer liability laws; Venustiano Carranza assumes
presidency in Mexico; a new constitution is written; U.S. military
intervenes in Cuba; Puerto Rico is legally annexed to the United States;
Puerto Ricans given U.S. citizenship
Chile passes retirement system for railway workers in the same year
that 100,000 workers march past the presidential palace; Emiliano
Zapata murdered
Communist party formed in Brazil; oil found in Venezuela
Military junta in Chile; Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana
(APRA) formed by Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre
Augusto César Sandino returns to Nicaragua to fight with Liberals;
begins guerrilla war against newly occupying U.S. forces
Mexican Church suspends worship protesting state harassment; many
priests and civilians killed in the Cristero rebellion
Democratic party formed in São Paulo, Brazil
Ecuador the first Latin American country to grant suffrage to women
On September 6, the military of Argentina overthrows the Yrigoyen
government; October coup in Brazil; Getúlio Vargas takes over the
government
Brazil and Uruguay grant suffrage to women; Chaco War begins
between Bolivia and Paraguay; Paraguay gains more territory; uprising
in El Salvador is brutally repressed in “la Matanza”
U.S. troops leave Nicaragua; Anatasio Somoza begins to take power;
U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt announces “Good Neighbor
Policy”
Lázaro Cardenas becomes president of Mexico; during his term he
redistributes 44 million acres of land to landless Mexicans; Sandino
murdered.
Mexican oil industry nationalized under Cardenas
El Salvador grants suffrage to women
Juan Domingo Perón and other military officers take over in Argentina
Democratic Revolution in Guatemala
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1952
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962 – 1965
1962
1963
1964
1965
Modern democratic era begins in Venezuela with takeover by APRAinspired Acción Democrática , led Rómulio Betacourt; Guatemala and
Panama grant women suffrage
Juan Perón elected president of Argentina; Eva “Evita” Duarte Perón
becomes first lady
Argentina and Venezuela grant women’s suffrage
José Figueres and APRA – inspired Liberación National party lead
reformist revolution in Costa Rica and establish modern democratic
social welfare state; Costa Rican army banned by its new constitution;
Bogotazo in Colombia; La Violencia begins
Chile and Costa Rica grant women’s suffrage
Evita Perón dies of cancer, Fulgencio Batista takes direct power in
Cuba; Puerto Rico becomes a commonwealth of the United States;
Marcos Pérez Jiménez stages a coup in Venezuela, initiating a
dictatorship that lasts until 1958; Bolivia grants women’s suffrage;
Bolivian revolution led by Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario
(MNR) and Victor Paz Estenssoro
Alfrado Stroessner takes over as president of Paraguay; rules until
1989; in Guatemala, CIA–organized coup deposes constitutional
President Jacobo Arbenz and begins three decades of often brutal
military rule; United Fruit company regains lands nationalized in land
reform program begun during 1944 revolution
Juan Perón ousted from power by the military; goes into exile;
Honduras, Nicaragua, and Peru granted women’s suffrage
Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira inaugurated president of Brazil;
construction of Brasília begins
François “Papa Doc” Duvalier elected president of Haiti; Colombia
grants women’s suffrage
Dictator Pérez Jimínez ousted as dictator in Venezuela, Acción
Democrática’s Rómulio Betacourt elected president of Venezuela;
beginning of the modern democratic era
Batista flees Cuba; Fidel Castro and the 26th of July movement take
power
construction of Brasília completed
Paraguay the Last Latin American country to grant suffrage to women;
the United States organizes unsuccessful Bay of Pigs invasion by
Cuban exiles.
The Second Vatican Conference commits the Church to work for
human rights, justice, and freedom
Peronists again allowed to run for office in Argentina; Cuban Missile
Crisis; Jamaica gains independence from Britain
Rural unionization legalized in Brazil; peasant leagues grow
Eduardo Frei elected president of Chile; military coup in Brazil;
bureaucratic authoritarian military stays in power until 1985
U.S. Marines invaded the Dominican Republic
1966
1967
1968
1970
1971
1973
1974
1975
1976
1978
1979
1980
1981
Brazil’s government unveils “Operation Amazonia” a plan to develop
the Amazon Basin
Ernesto “Che” Guevara dies in Bolivia
October 2 student massacre in Tlanelolca, Mexico City; meeting of
Latin American bishops in Medellín, Colombia adopts a “preferen-tial
option for the poor” under the influence of liberation theology;
reformist military leaders take over in Peru under Juan Velasco
Alvarado
Salvador Allende elected president of Chile; he is the first freely elected
Marxist president in Latin America; the Communist Party of Peru–
Sendero Luminoso (PCP-SL) emerges after an ideological split in
Peru’s Communist party; origins of the group can be traced to a study
group formed in the early 1960s by Professor Abimael Guzmán
Reynoso at the University of San Cristoból de Huamanga; Sendero
Luminoso, the Shinning Path, later takes the form of a revolutionary
movement.
Haitian president “Papa Doc” Duvalier dies; his son, Jean Claude
“Baby Doc” Duvalier, takes control; U.S. Peace Corps, accused of
sterilizing Indian women without their knowledge, expelled from
Bolivia
Juan Perón reelected president of Argentina, his wife, Isabel becomes
vice president; Salvador Allende killed in a September 11 military coup
in Chile; General Augusto Pinochet initiates a brutal military
dictatorship
Juan Perón dies; Isabel Perón becomes the first female president of a
Latin American country
UN Conference on Women held in Mexico City, kicked off the Decade
for Women; Cuba passes law requiring men and women to share
responsibilities for household work and child–rearing
Argentine military ousts Isabel Perón; General Jorge Rafel Videla takes
power, and the “Dirty War” begins; the Mothers of the Disappered
begin to hold weekly vigils challenging the military government’s
human rights abuses
John Paul II becomes Pope; the Catholic Church becomes more
conservative; conservative leaders begin to attempt to eliminate
liberation theology
Somoza regime collapses; the Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional
(FSLN), or Sandinista National Liberation Front takes power
Archbishop Oscar Romero of San Salvador assassinated; four
American church women murdered by Salvadoran military; Farabundo
Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) formed in ElnSalvador
U.S. inspires contras to war against Nicaraguan government; 30,000 die
before 1990
1982
1983
1985
1986
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
Falkland/Malvinas Islands War begins between Argentina and Brtitain;
Brazil elects first freely elected governors since 1965; General Efrain
Rios Montt become Latin America’s first evangelical dictator in
Guatemala, and embarks on a brutal counterinsurgency that often
targets entire Indian communities
U.S. Marines land in Granada
Brazil elects Tancredo Neves as first freely elected president; the night
of his inauguration he has surgery and never recovers; Vice President
José Sarney becomes president
“Baby Doc” Duvalier flees Haiti
Amidst well–documented charges of election fraud Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) candidate Carlos Salinas defeats Cuauhtémoc
Cádenas and Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) to gain
presidency of Mexico
Carlos Menem elected president of Argentina; Patrico Aylwin elected
president of Chile, the first elected president since Allende, Pinochet
maintains his position as Commander–in–Chief of the Chilean Armed
Forces and as Senator–for–life; in Brazil Fernando Collor de Mello
elected president, defeating Workers’ Party (PT) leader Inacio “Lula”
da Silva; U.S. troops invade Panama to oust Manuel Noreíga; six Jesuit
priests are assassinated in El Salvador by U.S. trained troops after the
Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) overruns much of
San Salvador; announcement of austerity package in Venezula causes
riots; 267 die
Alberto Fujimori elected president of Peru; stays in office until 2001;
President Salinas of Mexico announces his intent to negotiate the North
American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the United States;
Jean – Bertrand Aristide elected president of Haiti; a military coup
prevents him from taking power; Violeta Barrios de Chamorro elected
president of Nicaragua, defeating FSLN candidate Daniel Ortega
Jorge Serrano of Guatemala becomes Latin America’s first elected
evangelical president
In Brazil, Collar is impeached and Vice President Itamar Franco
becomes president; Fugimori closes congress in an auto – golpe, or self
– coup; leader of the Sendero Luminoso, Abimael Guzmán, captured;
World Summit on Environment and Development held in Rio de
Janerio; guerrilla war ends in El Salvador; two military coups attempts
occur in Venezuela
Eduargo Frei (son of the president from 1964 – 1970) elected president
of Chile; Carlos Andrés Pérez forced to step down in Venezuela
Fernando Henrique Cardoso elected president of Brazil; NAFTA goes
into effect on January 1; Zapatista National Liberation Army revolts in
Chiapas; Ernesto Zedillo elected president of Mexico after first PRI
candidate is assassinated
1995
1998
1999
2000
Menem reelected president of Argentina; Fujimori reelected president
of Peru; United States occupies Haiti; Aristide assumes presidency;
new quota in Argentina making sure that one in four congresspeople are
women; Merscosur, or Southern Cone Common Market, is founded;
nations included are: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, and Paraguay; they
are joined later by Bolivia and Chile
Pinochet loses post as Commander–in–Chief of Chilean Armed Forces;
Cardoso reelected president of Brazil, once again defeating Lula;
former coup leader Hugo Chávez elected president of Venezuela,
ending domination by two traditional parties, Acción Democrática and
the Social Christian Party (COPEI)
Mireya Moscoso elected first woman president of Panama
Socialist Ricardo Lagos elected president of Chile as the Concentación
candidate; Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador
(CONAIE) and military officers briefly take over congress in Ecuador;
Fugimori reelected president of Peru after forcing constitutional
changes allowing him to run for a third term, forced out of office in
2001; opposition candidate Vicente Fox elected president of Mexico,
breaking seven decades of presidential domination by the PRI; in
Venezuela, president Hugo Chávez reelected for six – year term under
new constitution