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Mendelian Genetics: Front 1. Define: -Gregor Mendel: The “Father of Genetics” -Gene: a unit of inheritance that usually is directly responsible for one trait or character -Allele: the different or alternate form of a gene -Homozygous: When homologous chromosomes have the same allele at a given locus it is called -Heterozygous: the different or alternate form of a gene. -Dominant: is expressed no matter what the second allele is -Recessive: is only expressed when the second allele is the same -Haploid: term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only one set of chromosomes (1N) -Diploid: term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes (2N) 2. A man who is heterozygous for free earlobes marries a woman who has attached earlobes. Free ears = E, attached ears = e Parental Genotypes: Ee x ee E e e What would the genotype ratio be for their potential offspring? 2:2 Ee ee Ee ee e Mendelian Genetics- Back 1. Practice the FOIL method to determine the possible gamete combinations for the following parental genotypes: a) RrYy __RY, Ry, rY, ry___ b) FFBb ___FB, Fb, ________ c) ttGG _____tG________ d) AaBb __AB, Ab, aB, ab____ 2. Work out the genotype AND phenotype ratio for the cross between two parents who are: RrYy and RrYY. RY RY RY rY rY Ry rY ry RRYY Round / Yellow RRYy Round / Yellow RrYY Round / Yellow RrYy Round / Yellow RRYY Round / Yellow RRYy Round / Yellow RrYY Round / Yellow RrYy Round / Yellow RrYY Round / Yellow RrYy Round / Yellow rrYY Wrink. / Yellow rrYy Wrink. / Yellow RrYY Round / Yellow RrYy Round / Yellow rrYY Wrink. / Yellow rrYy Wrink. / Yellow Genotype Ratio: N/A Phenotype Ratio: 12:4
