Download Chapter 5 Study Guide Test will be Monday, November 19th

Chapter 5 Study Guide
Test will be Monday, November 19th
Essential Vocabulary—
Oceans—large bodies of salt water
Continents—great areas of land (7 of them on Earth)
Landforms—land features
Continental shelf—looks like a huge plateau that lies under the ocean at the edge of a continent.
Island—land with water all around it
Crust—Earth’s thinnest and coolest layer that makes up the continents and ocean floor
Mantle—the layer below the rust that is part solid rock, and part melted rock that is soft and flows
Core—the deepest and hottest layer of Earth
Earthquake—a sudden movement of rocks that make up Earth’s crust
Volcano—a mountain that builds up around an opening in Earth’s crust
Magma—melted rock inside of a volcano
Lava—melted rock that flows onto land
Landslide—the rapid movement of rocks and soil down a hill
Flood—water that flows over land that is usually dry
Weathering—the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces
Erosion—the movement of weathered rock
Deposition—dropping off of weathered rock
Glacier—mass of ice that moves slowly across land
Essential Questions—
1. What happens during an earthquake?
The ground shakes and buildings and highways can move and crumble.
2. What is the different between magma and lava?
Magma is melted rock inside Earth, and lava is melted rock that flows on the surface.
3. How can a flood cause damage?
By washing away homes, buildings, bridges, and roads.
4. What force pulls a landslide down a hillside?
Gravity
5. What are some causes of weathering?
Running water, wind, rain, melting snow, ice, plants, and animals.
6. How can plants and animals cause weathering?
The roots of plants split rocks apart. Animas can uncover rocks while digging in the ground. Once
uncovered, the rocks begin to weather.
7. A sidewalk crack got wider during a cold winter. Why?
Rainwater or melted snow got into the crack, froze, and caused the crack to widen.
8. How does wind cause erosion?
Wind can pick up some pieces of rock and deposit them in a new place.
9. What are some ways that people can change the land?
People can cut down trees, build bridges, buildings, homes, and roads, drain ponds or swamps,
plow land for farms, or dig mines.