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PSYC LEOCT
Review Guide
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Name_______________________
Psychology
Study guide-Terms/vocabulary
9 week LEOCT exam is 15% of your grade
Define Psychology…
Identify Famous Theorist: Freud, Wundt, Watson, Skinner, Harlow, Milgram, May, Rogers,
Pavlov, Erikson, Piaget, Galton, Bandura, Maslow.
Chap. 1- Approaches to Psychology
a. Founder of Psychology?
b. Why study Psychology?
c. A Brief History of Psychology
d. Psychology as a profession
e. Theory
f. Basic/applied science
g. Scientific Method
h. Structuralist/functionalist
i. Introspection
j. Psychoanalyst
k. behaviorist
l. humanist
m. psychiatry
n. clinical psychologist
Chap. 2 Psychological Research Methods and Statistics
a. What is Research?
b. Problems and Solutions in Research
c. Statistical Evaluation
d. APA
e. Ethics/Little Albert study
Chap. 3 Infancy and Childhood
a. Lawrence Kohlberg identified six stages of…..
b. Physical, Perceptual, and Language Development
c. Cognitive and Emotional Development
d. Parenting Styles and social development
e. Child Abuse
f. schema
Chap. 4 Adolescence
a. Physical/sexual development
b. Personal Development
c. Social Development
d. Kohlberg
PSYC LEOCT
Review Guide
e.
f.
g.
h.
Piaget
Erikson
Object permanence
Gender Roles and differences
Chap. 5. Adulthood and Old Age
a. Adulthood
b. Old Age/Ageism
c. Hospice
d. Dying and Death
e. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross’s 5 stages/theory – thanatology
Chap. 6. Body and Behavior
a. The Nervous System: The Basic structure
b. Studying the Brain- left/Right hemispheres
c. The Endocrine System
d. Heredity and Environment
e. Phineas Gage
Chap. 7 Altered States of Consciousness
a. Sleep and dreams
b. consciousness
c. Hypnosis- mesmer
d. Biofeedback
e. Meditation
f. Drugs and Consciousness
Chap. 8 Sensation & Perception
a. Sensation
b. The Senses
c. Perception
d. Illusions
Chap. 9 Learning Principles and Applications
a. Classical Conditioning (Pavlov – what type of stimulus was the tuning fork?
b. Operant Conditioning
c. Social Learning
d. Modeling
e. Little Albert
Chap. 10 Memory and Thought
a. Metacognition
b. learned helplessness
c. learning
d. Taking and storing information
e. Chunking
f. Retrieving Information
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PSYC LEOCT
Review Guide
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
Short term/Long term memory
Encoding
Episodic memory
Declarative memory
Procedural memory
Confabulation
Eidetic memory
Decay
Mnemonic devices
Elizabeth Loftus
Chap. 11 thinking and language
a. Thinking and problem solving
b. Language
c. Noam Chomsky
Chap. 12 Motivation and Emotion
a. Theories of Motivation
b. Biological and Social Motives
c. Emotions
d. polygraph
Chap. 13. Psychological Testing
a. Intelligence Testing
b. achievement
c. intelligence
d. aptitude
e. Stanford-Binet
f. Bell-curve
g. Aptitude Test
h. Measuring achievement, abilities and interests
i. Personality testing
j. Validity
k. Percentile
l. Multiple Intelligence
m. Howard Gardner
n. Wechsler
Chap. 14. Theories of Personality
a. Birth order
b. Purposes of Personality Theories
c. Psychoanalytic Theories
d. Learning Theories
e. Humanistic and Cognitive theories
f. Abraham Maslow- Hierarchy
g. Rogers- Self - "self is essentially your image of who you are and what you value-in yourself, in other
people, in life in general."
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PSYC LEOCT
Review Guide
h.
i.
j.
k.
Freud-Id, Ego, Superego
Trait Theories
Type A, B, C
Nature/nurture
Chap. 15 Stress and Health
a. Sources of Stress
b. Reactions to Stress
c. Coping with Stress
d. Stress in Your Life
e. approach-approach
f. avoidance-avoidance
g. approach-avoidance
h. double approach-avoidance
Chap. 16. Psychological Disorders
a. What are Psychological Disorders?
b. Anxiety Disorders
c. Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders
d. Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders
e. Personality Disorders and Drug Addition
f. Multiple Personality
g. Hypochondriasis
h. Phobic Disorders
i. amnesia
Chap. 17 Therapy and Change
a. What is Psychotherapy?
b. Psychoanalysis and Humanistic Therapy
c. Cognitive and Behavior Therapies
d. Biological Approaches to Treatment
e. Dream analysis
f. Free association
g. Psychoanalysis
Chap. 18 Individual Interaction
a. Interpersonal Attraction
b. Social Perception
c. Personal Relationships
Chap. 19 Group Interaction
a. Group Behavior
b. Conformity and Obedience
c. Milgram Experiment
d. Conflict and Cooperation
e. Brainwashing
Chap. 20 Attitudes and Social Influence
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PSYC LEOCT
Review Guide
a.
b.
c.
d.
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Attitude Formation
Attitude Change and Prejudice
Persuasion
Subliminal advertising
Chap. 21 Psychology: Present & Future
a. Careers in Psychology
b. Psychology’s Contributions
Answer the following questions:
1.
Psychologist who investigate observable behavior are known as _____________.
2.
______________ is the scientific study of the mental processes and behavior of organism.
3.
_______________ psychology is the study of the changes that occur as people grow up and grow older.
4.
Elizabeth Kuble-Ross did some pioneer work in the study of terminally ill and how they react to their
impending death (her work contributed to the new field-the study of death and dying)
5.
Established psychology as a separate field of study in 1879.
6.
Psychologist have learned so much about brain injury and structures by the classic case of _____________.
7.
The Psychologist that was interested in the unconscious mind.
8.
Psychologist who developed a theory concerning motivation and emotion (hierarchy of needs)
9.
At the beginning of Pavlov's experiment, the tuning fork was the _______________.
10.
Dr. Maslow believed that most people were constantly striving to fulfill these needs but rarely archived this
goal _____________.
11.
Famous humanist psychologists _____________.
12.
Theorist who's research revealed the following statement: "self is essentially your image of who you are and
what you value-in yourself, in other people, in life in general."
PSYC LEOCT
Review Guide
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13.
____________________ test attempt to discover a person's talents/to predict how well he or she will be able
to learn a new skill.
14.
Lawrence Kohlberg identified six stages of _____________ ______________.
15.
What psychologist is famous for his contribution to the field of child developmental research?
16.
What type of research involves the most intensive amount of investigation?
17.
_________ is a form of altered consciousness in which people become highly suggestible and do not use
their critical thinking skills.
18.
The organization of sensory information into meaningful stimuli is known as _____________.
19.
The ________________ study led to questions related to research ethics in which the toddler was
conditioned to be afraid of objects with white fur and the researchers did not attempt to extinguish the
conditioned fears.
20.
The monkeys in Harlow's study spent most of their time…
21.
Preference test review personality traits to reveal which part of the brain that ones personality reflects most.
(logical, critical thinking is associated with-_______ brained people)
22.
Creative thinking, intuitive thinking and the use of metaphors most likely describes people who are
_________ brained people.
23.
In nature-nurture question, nature refers to ...
24.
The ________ is a chemical communication system, which uses hormones to send messages throughout the
blood stream.
25.
Dr. Julian Rotter wrote about our Locus of control which refers to _____________.
26.
Much can be learned about Nature v. Nurture by studying the behavior of .....
PSYC LEOCT
Review Guide
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27.
In Freud's theory known as the structural concepts of the mind, the _________ is the reservoir or container
of the instinctual/biological urges.
28.
Suppose you thought of stealing food from someone else. According to Freud, the part of the personality
that would stop you is called the _____________.
29.
Theorist Carl Jung studied personality and labeled ____________ as people who display the following traits
- sociable, outgoing, active, lively people.
30.
____________ is all of the consistent, stable, enduring, and unique ways in which the behavior of one
person differs from that of others.
31.
____________ is perceiving items as a unit.
32.
Techniques used by psychologist studying the unconscious mind.
33.
Metacognition is a strategy in which you think about ______________.
34.
Individuals who believe that no matter what they do their actions make no difference are exhibiting
____________.
35.
A permanent change in behavior that results from experience is called _____________.
36.
This type of learning occurs when associations are made between related and nonrelated stimulus and
reactions.
37.
We store information for future use in ___________ memory.
38.
Remembering events that did not happen
39.
A loss of memory that occurs after a blow to the head or as a result of brain damage is referred to as
___________.
40.
HOMES, an acronym for the five Great Lakes, is an example of ________.
41.
This is conceptual framework used to make sense of the world.
42.
A condition in which one may be a genius in one area but unable to function in everyday society.
PSYC LEOCT
Review Guide
43.
This is a state of awareness, including a person's feelings, sensations, ideas, and perceptions.
44.
Stanley Milgram's experiment on ______ is a classic in which psychologist want to learn more about social
conditioning.
45.
In an __________________ conflict the individual must choose between two attractive alternatives.
Example:. "a high school senior has been accepted at two excellent colleges and he or she must decide
which one to attend.
46.
The story "A Beautiful Mind" explored the disorder of ______________, which is characterized, by
confused and disconnected thoughts, emotions, and perceptions.
47.
______________________ is when a person who is in good health becomes preoccupied with imaginary
ailments.
48.
____________________ infers to any treatment used by psychiatrist, social workers, or psychologists to
help troubled individuals overcome their problems. This therapy's goal is to break behavior patterns that
lead to unhappiness.
Time Management- complete 10-15 terms per night to be prepared for
your 9 week examine (read notes/study, study, study…)
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